Attachment Theory Flashcards

1
Q

What is an affectional bond?

A

Special tie between two individuals. A desire to maintain closeness.

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2
Q

What is attachment?

A

Strong affectionate tie in which a persons sense of security is bound up in the relationship

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3
Q

What are attachment behaviours ?

A

Behaviours in which facilitate physical proximity to and interpolation with an attached individual.

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4
Q

What is the internal working model?

A

A cognitive construction of the workings of relationships, such as expectations or affection, and so on. The earliest relationships may form the template of such a model.

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5
Q

When does the pre-attachment phase occur?

A

Birth - 6 weeks

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6
Q

When does the attachment in the making phase occur?

A

From 6 weeks to 6-8 months

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7
Q

When does clear cut attachment occur?

A

Around 6-8 months

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8
Q

When does the formation of reciprocal relationships occur?

A

2+ years

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9
Q

When does stranger anxiety begin and start to decline ?

A

Starts at around 6 months, begins to decline 12-16 months

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10
Q

When does separation anxiety occur?

A

Begins at around 9 months

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11
Q

What is secure attachment?

A

When a child uses the parents as a secure base. On the strange situation task, a securely attached child is distressed when parent leaves the room but os comforted on their return.

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12
Q

What are the 3 types of insecure attachment?

A

Avoidant attachment, resistant/ambivalent, disoriented attachment

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13
Q

What is avoidant attachment?

A

When the child seems unresponsive to their parents, especially on the reunion after absence. Doesn’t resist contact but doesn’t seek contact. In strange situation no preference for mother over stranger.

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14
Q

What is resistant/ ambivalent attachment?

A

Child shows little exploration and is wary of strangers,. Greatly upset when separated from mothers and is not comforted on her return.

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15
Q

What is disorientated attachment?

A

Dazed, confused or apprehensive behaviours. Child may show contradictory behaviours such as moving towards mother, whilst avoiding eye contact.

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16
Q

What is the most insecure type of attachment?

A

Disorientated attachment.

17
Q

What factors affect attachment behaviours ?

A

Parenting style, culture, and temperament of the child

18
Q

What are the ontogenetic and phylogenic importance of attachment?

A

Ontogenic: leads to baby being cared for
Phylogenic: benefits survival for the species

19
Q

What is attachment theory?

A

Theory that recognises the emotional tie of an infant and caregiver as an evolved response that promotes survival.