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English AS/Alevel > Language Change > Flashcards

Language Change Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

Early English

A

Anglo-Saxon language for spoken
Latin used for written/religious context & language of power
Roman conquest

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2
Q

EE- 55BC

A

Roman General - Caesar invades Britain

Latin language enters
Celtic pushed out (Irish, Welsh, Cornish, Scottish)

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3
Q

EE- 597AD

A

Saint Augustine arrives in Britain

beginning of of Christian conversion of Anglo-Saxon (no more Roman Gods)

‘Christianity born’
‘Roman Catholics’
Everything is written in Latin, church speaks Latin

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4
Q

Words- angel, bishop, chalice, beacon are from what origin?

A

Latin

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5
Q

Middle English

A

Norman French was language of Nobles- language of government/administration
Latin is still used in religion
Anglo Saxon spoken only by peasants

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6
Q

ME- 1066

A

Battle of Hastings /Norman conquest

William conqueror - king of England

French language from Normandy
Language of power & administration

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7
Q

ME- 1384

A

John Wycliffe

Publishes English translation of ‘the bible’

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8
Q

ME- 1385

A

English replaces Latin as main language in schools (except oxford & Cambridge)

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9
Q

ME- 1450

A

The great vowel shift
Change in pronunciation of English
Before it was Latin influenced - sheep sounded like shape
Long vowels changed pronunciation

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10
Q

ME- 1476

A

William Caxton

Establishes first English Printing Press - copies of text

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11
Q

Early Modern English

A

English spoken throughout England except Western Cornwall

Also known as the “Renaissance”

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12
Q

EME- 1500

A

Start of English Renaissance

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13
Q

EME- 1590

A

William Shakespeare writes his first plays

He invented over 1700 of our common words by changing nouns into verbs

New rules for spelling & word order

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14
Q

EME- 1619

A

Slavery in America - aid production of tobacco

African slaves forced to give up their several African languages and were spoken to in only English
Creole and languages developed, some of which variants of spoken English today - Jamaican

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15
Q

The standardisation of English

A 
Industrial revolution- effect on socio-economic, cultural traditions of England 
Social class was a concern - language used as a marker for social identity

Extensive borrowings from around the world e.g. Spanish and Portuguese
Lexicon expanded & started the concern that language was moving too quickly & language needed to be fixed

Emergence of “prescriptivist” ideas - development of dictionary and grammar guides to establish a form of ‘correct’ English

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16
Q

SE- 1755

A

Samuel Johnson publishes his “dictionary of the English language”

17
Q

SE- 1750

A

Industrial revolution

18
Q

SE- 1762

A

Bishop Robert Lowth publishes his “short introduction to English Grammar”

First book of grammar
Lindly Murray developed it
Teachers start using it in the classroom

19
Q

SE- 1788

A

Noah Webster publishes
“The American spelling book”

Change British spellings of words
Argued - words alike, e.g nouns and their derivatives should be spelled alike

20
Q

British Empire

A

Expansion of the British Empire - lead to occupying quarter of the earth’s surface

Brought the English language to several countries and parts of the world which are still English speaking today

21
Q

BE- 1884

A

New English Dictionary

Oxford Dictionary

22
Q

BE- 1896

A

The Daily Mail first published

23
Q

Present Day English

A

English language today is changing. The internet and social networking have led to influence of technological neologisms

24
Q

PDE- 1922

A

BBC founded
RP English, queens English invented
Went to all countries

25
Q

PDE- 1947

A

Mass immigration from West Indies
Emigration, they were British citizens ( when India Pakistan gain independence from B)

Beginning of multi-culturalism in England, emergence of MLE & standard form

26
Q

PDE-1990

A

Tim Berners-Lee

Invented the World Wide Web

27
Q

PDE- 2004

A

Facebook founded by Mark Zuckerberg

Beginning of epidemic social networking

28
Q

Words - parliament, beef, lieutenant are from what origin?

A

French

English AS/Alevel (10 decks)

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