Language And Occupation Flashcards
Occupation lexis
Important for a persons occupation
Lexis terms that are part of the occupation semantic field
Features of Occupation lexis
Modal verbs -doctors Terms of address - miss Jargon on specialist terms Standard English Occupational lexis -Nando's Politeness markers Imperatives Interrogatives
Fairclough 2001
There are different kinds of power
Unequal encounter= one person is in power and the other isn’t
School acronyms used by teachers
EAL
FSM
HT
AHT
Bhatia 1992
Genre to be characterised by a set of communicative purposes naturally understood by members of the profession or community
Goal
Purpose
Mutually understood
Swales 1990
Discourse community - group of people who use same professional genres and specialised lexis
Emphasis on how important language is to the workplace
Drew and Heritage 1992
How workplace differs from ordinary conversation:
- Goal orientation - workplace convos are set on a particular task/focus
- Turn taking or restrictions - who speaks when. Professional contexts there are turn taking rules e.g. Court room. But also unwritten restrictions :doctor-patient consultations, doctors ask the questions
- Allowable contributions- restrictions on what is acceptable e.g what participant may say
- Professional lexis - context reflected by professional lexis. Vocab used by speakers
- Structure - professional interactions may be structured in a specific way
- Asymmetry - one speaker has more power/special knowledge than the other. E.g doctor and patient, boss and employee
Language in education occupation
Shared pragmatic understanding - on call
Professional lexis
Goal orientated
Language in education O - IRF (initiation response follow up) Sinclair and Coulthard 1975
Classroom discourse follows a particular pattern led by the teacher
Teacher is in power
Speech exchange
E.g.
Amy what do we call a word that we describe
Adjective
Adjective good
Repetition of info Teacher may correct response Teacher structures lesson Teacher may us positive reinforcement student answers shorter Student uses terms of address Teachers may use proper nouns - names
Language in education O-modality
Use of modal verbs
- Epistemic modality = constructions that express degrees of possibility. Probability and certainty
- Demonic Modality = constructions that express degrees of necessity and obligations
Swales 2011 -discourse community
- Has a set of common goals
- Possess various genres and communicate with atleast one genre
- Have special lexis
- Participants within have a required knowledge of the expertise to participate
Koester 2004
People pay attention to relational and task goals when interacting for work/business
Nature of relationships in the workplace is reflected and shape the language used in interactions
Interpersonal relationships are important to complete tasks -form bonds & shows colleagues are interested in co-workers
May use phatic talk, create humour etc
Debora Cameron
Looked into call centre interactions
Subject to a lot of managerial control