language and occupation Flashcards
what is a community of practice
group of people who share understanding, perspectives and forms of language use as a result of meeting regularly
what three strands did Lave and Wenger develop
- mutual engagement
- joint negotiated enterprise
- shared repertoire
what is a discourse community
a group with common goals or practices
what is discourse structure
the internal structure of a text
who developed the web of discourse theory and what is it
John Swales
- examines the links between colleagues and how workplace language is varied
- Swales theorised that membership of a discourse community begins a linguistic affiliation with colleagues who share specialist knowledge and can converse with specific jargon that excludes non-members of that group
who developed compliments at work and what do they say
Herbert and Straight
- they found that compliments flowed from higher rank to lower rank
who developed conversationalisation and what do they say
Fairclough
- there is a modern trend towards conversationalisation at work which is resulting in exchanges becoming less and less formal
what are the four features that Swales uses to define a discourse community
- communicate internally
- use specialist lexis
- share a set of common goals
- posses a level of knowledge and skill to be ‘eligible’ to the group
what do Drew and Heritage suggest
that members share an internal framework with each other, consisting of implicit ways of thinking, communicating and behaving
what are some of the features that Drew and Heritage use to explain how does language at work differ from casual conversation
- goal orientation
- professional lexis
- structure
- asymmetry
- turn taking
what does Koestler say about phatic talk
- workers need to establish interpersonal relationships and have interactions that aren’t just work related
- being sociable = effective working
- solidarity is an important dimension in workplace communication
what is instrumental power
- it’s explicit
- penalties for not obeying this power
- eg. law, education, business
what is influential power
- its implicit and influences society
- a part of peoples job to create
- eg. advertising, politics, media, culture
