Language and Literacy in Preschool Years Flashcards
Choose all that apply:
Children who attend high quality preschool are:
A) less likely to be retained in kindergarten through grade 3
B) have less higher graduation rates in high school
C) have fewer behavior problems
D) Only A
E) All of the above except D
All of the above except D
The National Early Literacy Panel identified abilities from birth to age 5 predicted later achievement in literacy:
A) oral language development
B) phonological/phonemic awareness
C) alphabetic knowledge
D) Print knowledge
E) Invented spelling
All of them
True or False:
A major advancement in the preschool years is the acquisition of symbolic thought
True
In the area of phonology how does language grow in the preschool years?
develop phonological rules
In the area of semantics how does language grow in preschool children?
children acquire vocabulary quickly
In the area of syntax how doe language grow in preschool children?
build longer sentences
Name the term:
When a word stands for more objects than it should
Overgeneralization
Name the term:
When a word stands for fewer objects than it should
Overrestriction
True or False
For second language acquisition children will gradually learn to distinguish between languages around age 5
True
Name the order for age of acquisition for grammatical morphemes from 3 - 5 years
present progressive
prepositions in, on
irregular past tense
possessive - s
uncontractable copula is
articles a, the
regular past tense
3rd person present tense - s
True or False
Learning to use language to persuade others is one of the most significant advancements in language in the preschool years
True
True or False
Children learn to use simpler words and phrases when speaking with younger siblings or other young children
True
True or False
Every culture has the same rules for social use of language
False
Collective Conversation is when
everyone talks at once with little turn-taking
*common in African-American, Puerto Rican, and Jewish families
True or False
In some cultures children are expected to use few words or remain silent at certain times
True
True or False
In some cultures silence may be interpreted as unwillingness to coopreate, sign of respect, means to avoid conflict, establish privacy,
True
List the stages of Early reading:
believe words of story come from pictures
notices print and understands that stories come from print
learns story by heart
maps story across print
Children at 3-4 should be able to:
*choose all that best apply
A) tell you what action is going on in book
B) make a complete sentence
C) scribble to make shapes
D) repeat at least parts of a nursery rhyme
E) hold the book right way up
All of the above
True or False
Attending a chronically low achieving school will have difficulty reading without additional instruction outside of school
True
True or False
Low English proficiency results in low oral proficiency in English
True
What are some of the risk factors for difficulty with literacy?
Living in poverty
limited literary experiences
severe cognitive deficits
hearing impairment
receptive and expressive language delay
family history of reading difficulties
According to the Doing What Works picture, which two areas are focused when preparing children for literary success?
Phonological Awareness:
say beginning sound, blend onset-rime pairs, segment sounds in words, match letters and sounds
Interactive and Dialogic Reading:
teacher as guide, teacher and child engage in dialogue, and child as storyteller
What are some ways that will enhance language and literacy development?
create symbol rich environments
understand and appreciate the unique language-learning patterns of bilingual speakers
understand and respect cultural differences in pragmatics and use this knowledge in interpreting student’s actions
support early literacy
(stories and conversations, prints in dfferent forms, drawing, etc.)
Match the corresponding areas on how you can enhance language and literacy development:
A) Phonology Plan activities, play scenarios
B) Semantics Provide literacy materials
C) Syntax Present rhymes, poems and songs
D) Pragmatics label objects, events and actions
E) Genearl Literacy expand on use of morphemes
Phonology: present rhymes, poems, and songs that feature certain sounds
Semantics: enthusiastically lable objects, events, and actions particularly during play activities
Syntax: use, expand on, and encourage children to use morphemes and practice grammar rules
Pragmatics: plan activities, play scenarios, and story discussion that review social rules
General Literacy: provide literacy materials such as journals and pens in classroom
Name the Preschool English Learners: Principles and Practices to Promote Language, Literacy, and Learning
1 - Create a partnership between preschool programs and families
2 - understand cultural differences in language use and incorporate those differences in the daily routine
3 - promote shared experiences in which language is used as a meaningful tool to communicate interests, ideas, and emotions
4 - Creatively and interactively use language
5 - experiment with the use, form, purpose, and intent of the first and second language use leads to growth in acquiring the second language
