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CD 480 Midterm II > Disorders Affecting Development > Flashcards

Disorders Affecting Development Flashcards

1
Q

What is Difference?

A

condition or behavior that is unusual, but represent a variation of normal

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2
Q

Define delay

A

a state or behavior that is below expectations for the child’s age, sex, or physical condition when measured against norms

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3
Q

Define disorder

A

condition or behavior that impairs functional abilities in one or more areas of development

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4
Q

Define deficit

A

absence or limitation of a physical attribute, function, or skill

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5
Q

Define disability

A

limitation in the ability to perform certain tasks in a typical manner

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6
Q

Define handicap

A

degree to which the impaired condition or behavior prevents the person from engaging in life activities

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7
Q

True or False

The prevalence of children with voice, speech, language or swallowing disorders is highest amongst children 3-6

A

True

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8
Q

True or False

African American children have a higher incidence rate of disorders than white children and Hispanic children

A

True

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9
Q

Name the genetic disorders that affect development:

A

Angelman Syndrome

Fragile X Syndrome

Prader-Willi

Trisomy 21 (Down) Syndrome

Turner’s Syndrome

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10
Q

Name the neurological disorders that affect development

A

Cerebral Palsy

Febrile seizures

head trauma

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11
Q

What are the physiological features to Angelman Syndrome?

A

small head size

flatness in back of head

crossing of eyes

tongue thrusting

seizures

*chromosme 15 damaged or missing (from mother)

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12
Q

What are the developmental delays shown in children with Angelman syndrome?

A

intellectual disability

lack or minimal speech

difficulties walking, balancing problem

happy, excited personality

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13
Q

This is syndrome happens on the X chromosome. The extra genes intefere with regulation, turning off the gene and stopping necessary proteins from being synthesized

A

Fragile X Syndrome

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14
Q

What are the physiological features for children with Fragile X Syndrome?

A

large head

long, narrow face

large ears

overly flexible joints

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15
Q

What are signs for Fragile X Syndrome?

A

learning problems, intellectual disabilities

behavioral problems

problems paying attention

speech problems

sensitivity to light, sound, touch

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16
Q

Syndrome where either inherit both copies of #15 chromosome from the mother or inheriting a deletion of a region of #15 from father

A

Prader Willi Syndrome

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17
Q

What are the symptoms of Prader-Willi Syndrome?

A

hypotonia - low muscle tone

narrow face

small-appearing mouth

almond-shaped eyes

hypopigmentation

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18
Q

What are some overt signs of Prader-Willi Syndrome?

A

feeding problems in infancy

motor planning problems

behavioral problems

sleep disturbances

compulsive eating

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19
Q

True or False

1 in 700 babies in the U.S. or 6,000 babies born with Down Syndrome each year

A

True

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20
Q

Name the three types of Down Syndrome

A

Trisomy 21

Mosaicism

Translocation

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21
Q

What are some of the features of Down Syndrome?

A

mild to moderately low IQ

small stature

flattened bridge of nose

upward slant of eyes

Palmar crease

flat head

22
Q

True or False

A child with Down Syndrome will show their first word between age 1 -4 years

A

True

23
Q

What are some of the benefits of Early Intervention in terms of Speech Therapy for a child with Down Syndrome?

A

assist with the development of:

oral motor movements, imitation, speech sounds, auditory comprehension, communication, feeding, turn-taking, and cognition (object permanence, cause and effect)

24
Q

The syndrome where females are born with 1 complete/partial/missing chromosome

A

Turner Syndrome

25
Q

What are the features for Turner Syndrome?

A

short stature

lack of sexual development at puberty

and webbing at neck

26
Q

What are the infantile symptoms of Turner Syndrome?

A

heart and blood vessel abnormalities

extra skin folds at the side and back of the neck

small and puffy hands and feet

27
Q

What are the symptoms of school age children with Turner Syndrome?

A

slow growth

smaller in stature compared with peers

recurrent ear infections

hearing problems

eye and vision problems

learning difficulties

28
Q

What is microdeletion?

A

when a small piece of chromosome is missing

29
Q

What are the common microdeletion disorders?

A

22q, 17q, 1q, Angelman Syndrome, Cri-du-Chat Syndrome, and Prader-Willi

30
Q

15q deletion has been linked to:

A

ASD, learning delays, epilepsy, and dysmorphic features

31
Q

17q has been linked to:

A

developmental delay

speech delays

microcephaly

short stature

heart defects

short limbs

32
Q

Genetic deletions can be identified by:

A

CGH (Comparative Genomic Hybridization)

and FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization)

33
Q

True or False

When a seizure occurs there is too much or too little of exciting or stopping activity causing an imbalance

A

True

34
Q

True or False:

Having at least 2 unprovoked seizures more than 24 hours apart is Epilepsy

A

True

35
Q

True or False

Epilepsy is not rare

A

True

36
Q

True or False

Studies have shown that 30% of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder has some type of seizure disorder

A

True

37
Q

True or False

Of all of the substances of abuse, alcohol produces by far the most serious neurobehavioral effects on the infant

A

True

38
Q

PFAS meets ___ criteria

A

2/3

39
Q

ARND or Alcohol Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder affects:

A

only the brain or central nervous system

40
Q

What are some of the difficulties of chilren with FASD?

A

difficulty receiving and processing information

storing information

attention and memory

hyperactivity and impulsivity

poor social skills

inability to complete tasks

disregard for rules

41
Q

What are some successful learning strategies for children with FASD?

A

use concrete, hands-on learning

structured routines

instructions short and simple

specific and consistent instructions

repeating tasks again and again

42
Q

Cerebral Palys is classified by movement disorder; name them

A

Spasticity -stiff muscles

Dyskinesia - uncontrollable movements

Ataxia - poor balance and coordination

43
Q

True or False

Spastic Cerebral Palsy is the most common type of CP

A

True

44
Q

Spastic diplegia/diparesis mainly affects:

A

legs (scissoring)

difficulty walking due to tight hip and leg muscles

45
Q

Spastic quadriplegia/quadriparesis affects

A

affects all four limbs, trunk, and face

46
Q

Dyskinetic CP is:

A

having trouble controlling movement of head, arms, feet and legs

movement can be slow, writhing or jerky

47
Q

Ataxic CP is:

A

problem with balance and coordination

unsteady when walking and have a hard time with quick movements that need a lot of control

48
Q

What are some of the early signs on a baby with CP (younger than 6 mos)

A

head lags when you pick up while lying on back

feels stiff

floppy

when picked up, legs get stiff and cross or scissor

49
Q

When a baby is older than 6 mos:

A

doesn’t roll over

cannot bring hands together

difficulty bringing hands to mouth

reaches out with one hand

50
Q

True or False

Febrile seizures are caused by fever

A

True

CD 480 Midterm II (8 decks)

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