Lang science; typical lang development

Question 1

receptive language

Answer 1

comprehension and understanding of language, typically precedes expressive language

Question 2

expressive language

Answer 2

language production, ability to put thoughts into spoken and written words

Question 3

3 components of language

Answer 3

form, content, and use

Question 4

5 domains of language

Answer 4

phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics

Question 5

How do the domains fit into the components?

Answer 5

form - phonology, morphology, syntax
content - semantics
use - pragmatics

Question 6

which component is the structure of language?

Answer 6

form

Question 7

which component is the why and how of language?

Answer 7

use

Question 8

which component is the meaning of language?

Answer 8

content

Question 9

phonology

Answer 9

study of sound system of a given language, including all the sounds and rules for combining sounds to form words

Question 10

morpheme

Answer 10

smallest unit of language that has meaning (can be whole word, prefix or suffix)

Question 11

free morphemes

Answer 11

can stand alone (nouns adjectives etc.) ex: purple, cat, play

Question 12

bound morphemes

Answer 12

can appear only as part of a free morpheme, can change meaning of a free morpheme (prefixes and suffixes) ex: plural and possessive -s, un, pre, anti, ment, ly

Question 13

T/F: one word can have multiple bound morphemes

Answer 13

True. “pleasingly” has one free morpheme (please) and two bound (-ing, -ly)

Question 14

syntax

Answer 14

structure of sentences

Question 15

semantics

Answer 15

study of word meanings, kids use language by attaching meaning to a particular phonological sequence they have been hearing

Question 16

pragmatics

Answer 16

social use of language - why and how we use it, mostly learned without explicit teaching

Question 17

3 pragmatics (why and how) examples

Answer 17

-using language for different reasons (persuade, inform, comedy)
-changing language for the listener or situation (friends, professional, baby)
-following conversational storytelling rules (quality, quantity, relevance, emphasizing words, nonverbal comm)

Question 18

all domains of language are very ___________ specific

Answer 18

language

Question 19

about what age does intentional communication emerge?

Answer 19

8-9 months

Question 20

intentional communication

Answer 20

request objects and actions, protest, comment

Question 21

intentional communication examples

Answer 21

gesture and vocalizations with coordinated gaze

Question 22

protowords (9-12 mo)

Answer 22

a child’s invented words that they use to refer to something

Question 23

protoword examples

Answer 23

-names for grandparents
-“deedee” means open my goldfish bag

Question 24

at 10-16 months words are relatively stable, close to ______ _______, tied to a specific context

Answer 24

adult model

Question 25

vocalizations

Answer 25

approximations of adult words (CV combos first: "ba" for ball, CVCV later: "dada" for daddy)

Question 26

once kids have about ____ words, they will start to combine two words (18-24 mo)

Answer 26

50

Question 27

mean length of utterance (MLU) =

Answer 27

total # of morphemes / total # of utterances

Question 28

foundations for reading and writing begin in ______ ________

Answer 28

early infancy