Lang Dev exam #1 (lecture 4 Infant communication PPT) Flashcards
Cognitive development
Three months of age
Visually searches for sources of sound
-Dog bark baby should look up and around for it
Cognitive development
At one month
Demonstrates regard for caregivers face and nearby objects
-Want to find autism early
Cognitive developments
At four months of age
Localizes sound sources
-Looking directly at the Barking dog
Cognitive development
Six months of age
Shakes toys to make noise
Cognitive development
11 months old
Recognizes own name when called
Cognitive development
12 months of age
Uses common objects appropriately
- Using a phone appropriately - Using a cup for a spoon
Social developments
One month of age
Establishes Eye contact with caregiver
-Autistic kids often don't do this
Social development
Three months of age
Exhibits selective social smile
-They don't just smile at anyone. They like other babies and young people
Social development
At 10 months of age
Gives toy on request
Social development
12 months of age
Exhibits emotions such as sympathy, jealousy, and affection
Motor development
Two months of age
Achieves visual focus
Motor developments
Three months of age
Reaches for and grasps objects
-If they can’t do that they might not have fine motor skills (not on exam)
Motor development
Five months of age
Sits up with slight support
Motor development
Seven months of age
Crawls and polls self to stand
-Kids with cerebral palsy can’t do that (not an exam)
Motor development
One year of age
Babies can point to what they want.
-If they aren’t they might have autism
Motor development
What did Sheehan 2011 (Stanford child neurology) say about babies that cannot point by one year of age
That they suspect autism
What are the general precursors to language development?
- Ability to engage in reciprocal interactions, routines, and general exchanges with others
- Ability to recognize and attend to environmental change
- Awareness that she can be an agent of change in her own environment
What did Harrison, L. J. , & McLeod, S. (2010) say About risk and protective factors associated with speech and language impairments…
- Examined 5000 Australian preschoolers
- Found that breast-fed children had better receptive vocabularies than bottle-fed children
Developmental milestones of infant speech
Birth to four weeks
Vegetative sounds like burps and cries
Developmental milestones of infant speech
1 to 4 months
Cooling – Vowells that sound like /u/–Often accompanied by/k/ and /g/- Type sounds (velars). Cooing it usually happens in pleasurable face – face interactions with caregivers
Developmental milestones of infant speech
Four to six months
Marginal babbling. Baby produces a vowel like sounds with simple consonants in CV or the VC form
Developmental milestones of infant speech
6 to 8 months
Vocal play. Babies do reduplicated babbling /mamama/
And Non-reduplicated or variegated babbling /gabidamo/
Developmental milestones of infant speech
One year of age
Most American babies use: /h, d, b, m, t, g, w, n, k/
Developmental milestones of infant speech
During babbling…
Most common sounds are the front and middle sounds
During babbling
8 to 12 months
Echolalia
Not like in autism. This is the babies relatively immediate reproduction of speech heard in the immediate environment
During babbling
9 to 12 months
Jargon.
This consists of strings of sellable produced with stress and intonation that sound like real speech
Infant and caregiver communication
What is Longitudinal research
Observe same groups of babies over extended period of time
Infant and caregiver communication, research design
What is cross-sectional research?
Simultaneously observe groups of babies who are different ages
- Easier to do
What is a single subject experimental design
- Get a baseline of babies behavior
- Example, they might try to see how often a baby simultaneously vocalizes in a 10 minute time period When no one does anything special
- then, They introduce a variable, such as a musical toy, to see if baby vocalizes more
What if it two areas of infant communication?
Perlocutionary stage (0-6 months)
Illocutionary stage (6-12months)
What age is Perlocutionary stage?
0 to 6 months
What age is Illocutionary stage
6 to 12 months
Prelinguistic communication
-perlocutionary stage (0 to 6 months)
Caregivers infer messages – impose communicative significance on baby behaviors such as vocal sounds, cries, and smiles
- There is stimulation of the laryngeal oral function
- Crying alerts caregivers to the baby’s needs
- Babies begin to understand cause and effect relationships – they cry (cause), and there effect ( someone comes to meet their needs)
What did Paul and Norbury, 2012 say about Perlocutionary stage?
- After 12 weeks of age, there should be a significant decrease in the amount of crying
- Between two and four months of age, pleasure sound sound like “mmmmm” begin to emerge.
Perlocutionary stage
What are the two different kinds of smiles?
- Reflexive smiles
- Social smiles
Describe what a reflexive smile is
Results from internal physiological stimuli
-They occur primarily during sleep
Describe the social smile
These occur in response to another person
Perlocutionary stage
In terms of gaze patterns what do babies like
- Very early in life, babies like things with sharp contrasts and things that move
- By the end of the second month, babies can maintain eye contact with their caregivers
What is joint attention?
-Shared activity that provides the topic of the caregivers utterances as well as providing the focus of attention
- Peekaboo - Feeding - Diaper changing
- Joint references: caregivers utterances and shared attention are focused on one object
- Reading a book
- Zoo
- Grocery shopping
- Reading a book
Caregivers communication
What is motherese?
- high pitch
- More pauses
- Slower rate
- Simpler utterances
Babies prefer motherese
What is turntaking?
Alternation of responses and pauses between participants in an activity
