Landmarks at vertebral levels Flashcards
C1
Spinal root of accessory nerve crosses transverse process of atlas
C2
Superior cervical ganglion
C3
hyoid bone
C4
bifurcation of common carotid artery
thyroid cartilage
C6
cricoid cartilage
trachea begins (end of larynx)
oesophagus begins (end of pharynx)
Inferior thyroid artery crosses carotid sheath
Inferior laryngeal nerve enters larynx
Vertebral artery enters transverse foramen of C6
Middle cervical ganglion
C7
Vertebra prominens
Stellate ganglion
Isthmus of thyroid gland
T2
superior angle of scapula
sternoclavicular joint
suprasternal notch
T3
Medial end of spine of scapula
End of oblique fissure of lung posteriorly
T4
also known as thoracic plane or plane of Ludwig
sternal angle of Louis
arch of aorta
bifurcation of trachea (carina)
division between superior and inferior mediastinum
azygos vein drains into SVC
T6
upper border of liver
T7
inferior angle of scapula
T8
inferior vena cava hiatus of the diaphragm
T9
xiphisternal joint
T10
oesophageal hiatus of the diaphragm
T12
aortic hiatus of the diaphragm
L1
also known as transpyloric plane
ninth costal cartilage
fundus of the gallbladder
pylorus of stomach
conus medullaris
neck of pancreas
superior mesenteric artery origin
hilum of kidneys (left: above and right: below)
splenic vein traverses behind pancreas
duodenojejunal flexure
cisterna chyli
L2
renal veins
thoracic duct begins
azygos and hemiazygos veins begin
Subcostal plane
Ligament of Treitz (upper border)
L3
umbilicus
Origin of inferior mesenteric artery
Spinal cord ends in infants
L4
iliac crest
bifurcation of abdominal aorta
L5
inferior vena cava formed (convergence of right and left common iliac veins)
S1
sacral promontory
S2
posterior superior iliac spine
dural sac terminates
S3
Pelvic colon ends and rectum begins
Posterior inferior iliac spines
S4
Sacral hiatus
Vertebral column ends
