land use + new urban landscapes

Question 1

what is urban morphology

Answer 1

spatial structure and organisation of urban area

Question 2

what is main factor impacting land use in HIC

Answer 2

land value

Question 2

why has urban morphology changed

Answer 2

used to be based on topography of land (releif and drainage)

industrial era by rivers

flat land easier build but may get flooded

improve tech allow greater range so urban form influenced by human factors

Question 3

where is land value highest

Answer 3

peak land value intersection

centre of city typically
taken up by large retailers due to high rent eg m+s

Question 4

how does land values change

Answer 4

prices decline with distance-decay theory

other retailers occupy CBD
some forced further to edge CBD due to costs

Question 5

land value from CBD to suburb

Answer 5

fall significantly
bid rent theory

Question 6

what are secondary land value peaks

Answer 6

areas commonly around ring road with a peak land value

due to out of town shopping centres
also traffic and lack space centre led to movement out centre
edge town settlements grew raising prices

Question 7

what are the changes in city centre

Answer 7

90s decentralisation

due to congestion/crime/filth

need to rebrand to reverse decline

Question 8

what is town centre mixed development

Answer 8

encourage functions not retail to increase attraction

• leisure facilities of varying prices to attract diff people
• more spaces like plazas for activities
• nightlife
• flagship attractions
  -offices hotels etc raise CBD status
  -redevelopment homes encourage city living again

Question 9

what is gentrification

Answer 9

buy and renovate houses when prices lower than ‘real’ value by wealthy individuals who then sell to make profit

Question 10

example mixed town centre

Answer 10

gunwharf quays

Question 11

how does commuting impact gentrification

Answer 11

commuting expensive and annoying
centre eliminates this

Question 11

what is cultural and heratige quarter

Answer 11

for urban regeneration

cultural production or consumption eg galleries ot products

history of area around local industry

builds good rep
tourists
boost economy

Question 12

what is rent gap

Answer 12

property val below real
attractive to buy for property development
renovate
profit

Question 13

how does composition household impact gentrification

Answer 13

more single or 2 person houses
see benefit city living

Question 14

benefits gentrification

Answer 14

more tax more investment
physical environment improved
more employment opps is rennovation
rise in affluence

Question 14

pioneer image impact gentrify

Answer 14

artists etc want to live edgy neighbourhood with cultural opportunities

Question 15

cost gentrification

Answer 15

locals forced out by high rent
congestion
friction between locals and gentrifiers

Question 16

how have council helped gentrification

Answer 16

liverpool sold homes for £1 in 2013

Question 17

what is fortress landscape

Answer 17

landscape designed around security and exclusion
to reduce crime

Question 18

features fortress landscape

Answer 18

cctv
fences
street lights
speed bumps

Question 19

manchester fortress landscape

Answer 19

no recessed doors
no alleys
no dead ends
to reduce drugs and mugging

Question 20

criticisims fortess landscapes

Answer 20

exclusionary tactics

anti homeless spikes
sloped bus shelter seats

Question 21

what are edge cities

how occur

Answer 21

self contained settlement beyond og city boundary

due to urban sprawl

Question 22

where do edge cities develop

Answer 22

near major road or airport
close to shop

Question 23

feature edge city

Answer 23

lack structure
wide range ammenities

Question 24

cost edge city

Answer 24

linked social segregation

wealthy move out inner to edge city
low income in og city centre

Question 25

what is post modernism

Answer 25

departure conformed and modernist architechture etc

Question 26

feature PMWC

Answer 26

fragmentation
fortification
fragmentation
globalisation
simulation
beatification
gentrification
privatisation
decentralisation
information

Question 27

general features PMWC

Answer 27

service and knowledge than industrial
varied architecture
flagship development
ethnic diversity

– socio/economic inequalities

Question 28

Fragmentation

Answer 28

more ethnically diverse

but social and cultural inequalities and segregation are still common

Question 29

Globalisation

Answer 29

Shops, services and businesses are global brands rather than local

Question 30

Simulation

Answer 30

simulate other famous buildings

Question 31

Beautification

Answer 31

Architecture is more of an expression of art than function.

decorative
linked to the heritage of the city

Question 32

Privatisation

Answer 32

Cities more privately owned eg public spaces, streets, squares or shopping centres

Question 33

Information

Answer 33

dominated by service/knowledge economy

many employed in these sectors

global companies commonly located in these cities

Question 34

Decentralisation

Answer 34

Edge cities are common

movement of population and industry from the urban centre to outlying areas.