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912th NCO/SOM Board 2019 > Land Navigation/Map Reading > Flashcards

Land Navigation/Map Reading Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Field Manual for map reading and land navigation?

A

FM 3-25.26

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2
Q

What are the basic colors of a map and what do they represent?

A
  1. Black: man-made features such as building and roads; elevations and labels
  2. Red-Brown: cultural features, relief features, elevation and contour lines on a red-light readable map
  3. Blue: hydrography; water features
  4. Green: vegetation with military significance(woods, orchards)
  5. Brown: relief features, elevation, contour lines on older edition maps
  6. Red: cultural features such as populated areas and boundaries
  7. Other: special information
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3
Q

What are Military symbols?

A

Figures used to represent types of military organizations, installations and activities

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4
Q

Where is the Legend of the map found?

A

Lower left margin

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5
Q

What are contour lines?

A

Imaginary lines that represent elevation

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6
Q

What are 3 types of contour lines?

A
  1. Index
  2. Intermediate
  3. Supplementary
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7
Q

How many Miles are in one Degree?

A

17.7 mile

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8
Q

How many Norths are there on a military map?

A

Three:

  1. True North
  2. Magnetic North
  3. Grind North
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9
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a hill?

A

Concentric circles(small circle inside of another circle)

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10
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a saddle?

A

Hourglass

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11
Q

What shape are the contour lines that represent a valley?

A

U-shaped or V-shaped

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12
Q

What shape are the contour lines that represent a Ridge?

A

U-shaped or V-shaped

Closed end points away from high ground

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13
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a depression?

A

Closed contour lines that have tick marks pointing toward low ground

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14
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a draw?

A

U-shaped or V-shaped

Pointing toward high ground

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15
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a spur?

A

U-shaped or V-shapes pointing away from high ground

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16
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a cliff?

A

Lines very close together, in some instances, touching each other

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17
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a cut?

A

Contour lines with rick marks that extend from the cut line to the roadbed

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18
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a fill?

A

Contour lines with rick marks that point toward lower ground

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19
Q

What must be done to a map before it can be used?

A

It must be oriented

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20
Q

What are 5 major terrain features?

A
  1. Hill
  2. Valley
  3. Ridge
  4. Saddle
  5. Depression
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21
Q

What are 3 minor terrain features?

A
  1. Draw
  2. Cliff
  3. Spur
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22
Q

What are 2 supplementary terrain features?

A
  1. Cut

2. Fill

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23
Q

What is a map?

A

Graphic representation of a portion of the Earth’s surface drawn to scale, as seen from above

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24
Q

What is an azimuth?

A

Horizontal angle, measured in a clockwise manner from a north base line, expressing direction

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25
Q

What is vertical distance?

A

Distance between the highest and lowest points measured

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26
Q

What is a contour interval?

A

Vertical distance between adjacent contour lines on a map

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27
Q

What is the distance between grid lines on a combat map?

A

1 kilometer or 1000 meters

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28
Q

How many miles are there in a circle?

A

6400 mile in 360 degrees

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29
Q

Which north is used when using a military map?

A

Magnetic north when using a compass, and grid north when using the map

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30
Q

How would you hold a lensatic compass?

A

Level and firm, away from metal

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31
Q

Name 2 ways to hold a compass

A
  1. Compass-to-cheek method

2. Center-hold method

32
Q

Are topographic symbols drawn to scale?

A

No

33
Q

What do topographic symbols represent?

A

Man-made and natural features

34
Q

In military symbols, what colors are used for a map overlay and what do they represent?

A
  1. Blue- friendly forces
  2. Red- enemy forces
  3. Black- boundaries
  4. Yellow- contaminated areas
  5. Green- engineer obstacles
35
Q

What is a back azimuth?

A

Opposite direction of an azimuth

36
Q

How do you figure out a back azimuth?

A

Add 180 degrees if the azimuth is 180 degrees or less. Subtract 180 degrees if the azimuth is 180 degrees or more

37
Q

What is a declination diagram?

A

Shows the angular relationship between the magnetic north, grid north and true north

38
Q

What is the general rule for reading military grid coordinates?

A

Right and up

39
Q

How many sights does a compass have?

A

2

40
Q

What is a benchmark?

A

Man-made marker showing points of elevation

41
Q

What are parallels of latitude?

A

Measured distances going north or south of the equator

42
Q

What is an aerial photograph?

A

Any photograph taken from an airborne vehicle

43
Q

What does UTM stand for?

A

Universal Transverse Mercator

44
Q

The lensatic compass has a bezel ring; each bezel ring click is equal to how many degrees?

A

3

45
Q

How many ties would the bezel ring click if it were fully rotated?

A

120

46
Q

Large cities on a map are represented by what color?

A

Black

47
Q

Name two ways to orient a map.

A

Compass and terrain association

48
Q

What is the Field Manual for Operational Terms and Graphics?

A

FM 1-02

49
Q

The arrow on a compass always points in what direction?

A

Magnetic north

50
Q

What does the term FLOT mean?

A

Forward Line of Troops

51
Q

What are the alternate colors on a map and what do they mean?

A
  1. Gray- alternate for brown
  2. Yellow- built up areas
  3. Pink- political boundaries
52
Q

What is longitude?

A

Imaginary lines that run north to south, measured in degrees

53
Q

What is a topographic map?

A

Portrays terrain and land forms in a measurable way

54
Q

What is a small-scale map?

A

1:1,000,000 and smaller; used for general planning and strategic studies

55
Q

What is a medium-scale map?

A

Larger than 1:1,000,000 but smaller than 1:75,000; used for operational planning

56
Q

What is a large-scale map?

A

1:75,000 and larger; used for tactical, administrative and logistical planning

57
Q

What does the term intersection mean?

A

Finding the location of an unknown point by sighting two or more known points

58
Q

Why is a map so important?

A

When used correctly it can give you accurate distances, locations and heights

59
Q

What does the term resection mean?

A

Method of locating one’s position by determining the grid azimuth to at least two well-defined locations on a map

60
Q

If you find a symbol on a map that is unknown to you, where would you look?

A

Marginal data, located on the outside lower portion of the map

61
Q

How many scales are there on a compass, what are they?

A
  1. Degrees

2. Mils

62
Q

What are the 4 quadrants on a map?

A
  1. Northeast
  2. Southeast
  3. Northwest
  4. Southwest
63
Q

What are the 3 elements for a land navigation process known as Dead Reckoning?

A
  1. Known starting point
  2. Known distance
  3. Known azimuth
64
Q

What is the feature that makes the lensatic compass work well at night?

A

Dials and needles are luminous

65
Q

What is a polar coordinate?

A

Plotting or locating an unknown point using an azimuth and a distance from a known starting point

66
Q

What is the name of the map system that the US uses?

A

UTM

67
Q

On a lensatic compass there are two rings, an outer black ring and an inner red ring, what are they used for?

A

Inner red ring is used to find degrees, outer black ring is used to find mils

68
Q

Name 3 Field expedient methods of determining direction.

A
  1. Shadow-tip method
  2. Watch method
  3. North Star method
69
Q

What is a contour level?

A

Vertical distance between contour lines

70
Q

The border line around the edge of the map is called the what?

A

Neat Line

71
Q

Name the different slopes found on a map.

A
  1. Gentle
  2. Steep
  3. Concave
  4. Convex
72
Q

You must find at least how many known locations on a map and the actual ground in order to plot your location accurately?

A

At least 2

73
Q

What are the 3 main map sizes?

A
  1. Small
  2. Medium
  3. Large
74
Q

What are 2 methods of measuring an azimuth?

A

Compass and protractor

75
Q

How close will an 8 digit grid get you to a point?

A

10 meters

76
Q

How close will a 6-digit grid coordinate get you to a point?

A

100 meters

77
Q

What would you use on a map to measure actual ground distance?

A

The bar scale

912th NCO/SOM Board 2019 (17 decks)

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