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OB > Labs > Flashcards

Labs Flashcards

1
Q

which weeks constitute the 1st trimester?

A

1-13

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2
Q

what weeks constitute the 2nd trimester

A

14-26

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3
Q

what information can be provided by transvag US on 3rd trimester US?

A

presentation

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4
Q

layer of endo sloughed off during menstruation

A

functional layer

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5
Q

hormone produced by follicular cells

A

estrogen

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6
Q

In IVF, what stage of development is the embryo when introduced into the uterus?

A

blastocyst

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7
Q

which specific arteries empty blood into the intervillous spaces?

A

spiral arteries

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8
Q

what layer of the gastrula will differentiate into the brain cells?

A

ectoderm

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9
Q

sono appearance of DDSS

A

decidua parietlis and decidua capsularis (both smooth)

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10
Q

decidua basalis sono appearance

A

echogenic, heterogenous

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11
Q

what will be seen at 2wk GA

A

no gestational sac, possible thickened endo

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12
Q

what will be seen at 3.5-4wk GA

A

focal thickening of one side of endo

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13
Q

what will be seen at 5 wk GA

A

GS will be visible once MSD reaches 2-3mm

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14
Q

what will be seen at 5.5 wk GA

A

YS

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15
Q

what will be seen at 6wk GA

A

embryo adjacent to YS

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16
Q

what will be seen at 9wk

A

limb buds may be seen

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17
Q

transvag normal measurement of MSD with YS present at 5.5 wk

A

8 mm

18
Q

transvag normal measurement of MSD with embryo present at 6 wk

A

16 mm

19
Q

if MSD is larger than 8 or 16 mm without the associated structure, what does this suggest?

A

early pregnancy failure

20
Q

in fraternal twins, what chorionicity and amnionicity are expected to be seen on sonogram

A

2 chorions

2 amnions

21
Q

what risks are assoc with MCDA twins? (2)

A

shared nutrients

TTTS

22
Q

what risks are associated with MCMA twins? (3)

A

entangled cords,
kicking
shared blood supply

23
Q

what is oligohydramnios

A

amniotic fluid volume less than expected for GA

24
Q

during fetal biometry, which femur should always be measured

A

in near field

25
Q

why is breech position considered high risk

A

pinches umbilical cord

26
Q

what is the threshold for nuchal translucency at the NT U/S

A

<3 mm

27
Q

at what measurement is nuchal translucency measurement valid?

A

CRL 45-84 mm

28
Q

a round anechoic structure is seen in the fetal head at 9 weeks. what is this? what does it become?

A

rhombencephalon - diencephalon

29
Q

what’s nuchal cord?

A

where umbilical cord becomes wrapped around fetus’s neck

30
Q

CRL is measuring 25 mm. what is the approx GA?

A

9-10 weeks

31
Q

How do you measure nuchal fold?

A

outer-outer

32
Q

somites form 3 diff layers

A

sclerotome
myotome
dermatome

33
Q

what structure connects the two lobes of the thalamus

A

interthalamic adhesion

34
Q

head shape would result in a long OFD and short BPD measurement

A

dolchiocephaly

35
Q

hypotelorism

A

eyes too close together

36
Q

micrognathia

A

poor development of jaw

37
Q

list the five main tissue prominences and the adult structures that they become

A
  1. frontonasal - forehead/apex of nose
  2. maxillary - upper cheeks/upper lip
  3. mandibular lower cheek/ lower lip, chin
  4. lateral nasal - nasal ala
  5. medial nasal - nasal septum
38
Q

what can the facial angle of the fetal profile tell us?

A

if baby has chromosomal abnormality

39
Q

what is the purpose of the coronal nose/lips view

A

to check for cleft lip

40
Q

what adult structures does the pharynx become?

A

esophagus/trachea

41
Q

differences between a nuchal translucency and nuchal thickness/fold assessment

A

NT - anechoic space, a collection of fluid under skin of fetal neck <3 mm

thickness/fold - thickness of skin behind occipital bone <6 mm (before 22 weeks), outer to outer

OB (20 decks)

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