Labs Flashcards
Name the CD marker associated with ankylosing spondylitis
HLA-B27
Describe the rashes of cutanous lupus erythematous
- Malar rash for acute
- Photosensitivity rash for subacute
- Discoid rash for chronic
What do autoantibodies in sle target?
Nuclear, dsDNA & Smith
What cancer could RA cause?
Lymphoma
What anemia could SLE cause?
Autoimmune hemolytic
Age of ankylosis spondylitis onset?
20-30 years
What skin disease could ankylosing spondylitis cause?
Psoriasis
What causes urogenital reactive arthritis?
Chlamydia trachomatis
What causes gastrointestinal reactive arthritis?
Salmonella & shigella
Most common causing pathogen of septic arthritis in adolescents?
N. Gonorrhea
Most common causing pathogen of septic arthritis in sickle cell patients?
Salmonella
Most common causing pathogen of septic arthritis in humant bite?
Eikenella
Most common causing pathogen of septic arthritis?
S. Aureus & S. Viridans
What is radiofrequency ablation used for?
Osteoid osteoma
What is botox injection indicated for?
Cerebral palsy and CVA
Side effects of contrast material used in radiology
Nephropathy & allergic rxn
When is CT used?
More bone details (fracture)
When is MRI used?
Soft tissue involvement
When is US used ?
Tendon tears, dynamic pathologies and in injection of needle into joint
When is nuclear medicine studies used?
Tumors and infections
What is fluroscopy?
An x-ray video
When is radiology used?
6 Is 👁️
2 Ds 🍆
And a tumor
What is an avulsion fracture?
A part of the bone broken off due to tendon injury (pulls the bone off) happens in pediatric age more
Stress fracture vs insufficiency fracture
In stress it’s a normal bone with abnormal stress and the opposite for insufficiency
What is bong ring phenomenon?
Fracture to one part of the bony ring results in fracture to the opposite part in that ring (pelvis,shoulder,mandible)
What to do if you find a fat pad sign?
Look for fracture and order a CT if you can’t find it
MRI vs US in soft tissue?
MRI is for deeper issues
What is light bulb sign?
Humerus appears like a light bulb in posterior dislocation
What view is best for post. Humerus dislocation?
Lateral
What view is best for clavicular dislocation?
Weight-bearing
Which part of skin are histamines found?
Dermis
What color are tinea capitis, erythrasma and pseudomonas infection in wood’s lamp?
Tine and pseudomona are green
Erythrasma is coral pink
When is tzanck smear used?
Vesiculobuous rash
What is patch test used for?
DTH
Red flags of orthopedics
Neurological deficits and B symptoms
What does the mobility of mass indicate?
Immobility is malignant
Name the following tests:
Meniscus
ACL
PCL
Patella
Shoulder (ant instability)
DDH
Mackmury & apley compression
Lachman and ant drawer
Post drawer
Apprehension & ballottement
Aprehension
Barlow and ortolani
Which structure is always pictured laterally?
Knee
What is a bone scan used for?
Assessing infections and metastasis
What injury causes giving way?
Posteriolateral branch of ACL (controls stability)
Name the ottawa rules (x ray for knee injury)
Over 55
Tenderness in fibular head
Tenderness in patella
Ability to flex 90°
Weight- bearing Ability
What collagen type are ligaments and aurticular surfaces ?
Ligaments = 1
Articular surfaces = 2
Why does pseudomonas arigonosa green on agar?
Pyocyanin
Vector and disease of onchocerca volvulus?
Black fly, river blindness
Vector and disease of Loa loa?
Deer fly, eye worm
Vector of dracunculus medinesis and infective stage
Cyclops and larvea
