Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

Body of sphenoid

A

Hypophyseal cartilage

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2
Q

Sphenoid lesser wings

A

Ala orbitalis

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3
Q

Body of ethmoid bone

A

Fused Trabeculae cranii

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4
Q

Base of occipital bone

A

Parachordal cartilage + sclerotome of occipital somite (cartilaginous mass)

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5
Q

Prtrous and mastoid parts of the temporal bone

A

Otic capsules

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6
Q

Malleus & incus

A

Dorsal end of the 1st pharyngeal arch cartilage

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7
Q

Stapes & styloid process of temporal

A

Dorsal end of 2nd pharyngeal arch

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8
Q

Lesser horns and upper body of hyoid bone

A

Ventral of 2nd pharyngeal arch

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9
Q

Greater horns and lower body of hyoid bone

A

Ventral end of 3rd pharyngeal arch

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10
Q

Cartilages of the larynx

A

4th & 6th pharyngeal arches

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11
Q

Where do the maxillary & mandibular prominences originate from ?

A

1st pharyngeal arch

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12
Q

Maxilla, zygomatic bond and squamous of temporal

A

Maxillary prominence

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13
Q

Mandible

A

Mandibular prominence

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14
Q

Nucleus pulpous

A

Notochord

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15
Q

Vertebral arches

A

Mesenchymal cells around neural tube

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16
Q

Costal process of thoracic vertebra

A

Mesenchymal cells in the body wall

17
Q

Sternum

A

somatic layer of the lateral plate mesoderm > mesenchyme > Sternal bars

18
Q

Bones with intramembranous ossification

A

Cranial vault, mandible, maxilla, zygomatic bone and clavicle

19
Q

What is the order of appendicular bone formation in the embryo?

A

Upper then lower (proximodistally)

20
Q

Joints

A

Interzonal mesenchyme

21
Q

Muscles of mastication

A

Myoblasts of the 1st pharyngeal arch

22
Q

Muscles of facial expression

A

Myoblasts of the 2nd pharyngeal arch

23
Q

Stylopharyngess

A

Myoblasts of the 3rd pharyngeal arch

24
Q

Pharyngeal & laryngeal muscles

A

Myoblasts of the 4th & 6th pharyngeal arch

25
Q

Deep back muscles

A

Myotome Epaxial division

26
Q

Name the 4 myotomes raising from hypaxial division

A

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar and Sacroccygeal

27
Q

What does craniostosis mean?

A

Early closure of frontanelles

28
Q

What is spina bifida?

A

Failure of vertebral arches to fuse posteriorly

29
Q

What does ribs form from?

A

Costal processes

30
Q

What is weber fingers/toes?

A

Lack of apoptosis in digital rays

31
Q

Middle ear

A

Otic vesicle

32
Q

Hand & fingers

A

Limb buds > digital rays

33
Q

What is syndactly?

A

Webbed fingers

34
Q

Quadratus lumborum muscle

A

Lumbar myotome

35
Q

Lateral and ventral back muscles

A

Thoracic myotome