LABORATORY PRE-LAB 3

Question 1

It is the basic structural unit of living organisms that performs the body’s delicate internal biochemical process known as ____

Answer 1

Cell
Metabolism

Question 2

Animal cell (3)

Answer 2

Absence of cell wall and chloroplasts
Small vacuole
Irregular or round shape

Question 3

Plant cell (3)

Answer 3

Presence of Cell wals and chloroplasts
Large central vacuole
Rectangular shape

Question 4

GENERAL STRUCTURE OF AN ANIMAL CELL

• membrane enclosing the nucleus. Protein lined pores allow material to move in and out

Answer 4

Nuclear envelope

Question 5

GENERAL STRUCTURE OF AN ANIMAL CELL

DNA plus associated proteins

Answer 5

Chromatin

Question 6

GENERAL STRUCTURE OF AN ANIMAL CELL

Condensed region where ribosomes are formed

Answer 6

Nucleolus

Question 7

GENERAL STRUCTURE OF AN ANIMAL CELL

• ____ Metabolizes waste
• ____ associated with ribosomes; makes secretory and membrane proteins
• ____ makes lipids

Answer 7

Peroxisome
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

GENERAL STRUCTURE OF AN ANIMAL CELL
(Cytoskeleton) • ____ form the mitotic spindle and maintain cell shape
• ____ microtubules organizing center
• ____ fibrous proteins that hold organelles in place
• ____ Fibrous proteins; form the cellular cortex
• ____ digest food
• ____ modified protein
• ____ produce energy

Answer 8

Microtubules
Centrosome
Intermediate filaments
Microfilaments
Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria

Question 9

• ____Carbon-based molecules which constitutes most of the cell structure

•____ those without carbon that make up a small fraction of cell constitution

Answer 9

Organic molecules
Inorganic molecules

Question 10

• ___ it is the primary source of energy for the cell

• ___ it is the secondary source of energy; acts as the thermal insulation, hormone action, cushion

Answer 10

Carbohydrates
Lipids

Question 11

• ____ Primarily functioning as catalyst of chemical reactions, acting as structural molecules and as channels and receptors of the cell

• ____ it carries the genetic information of the cell

Answer 11

Protein
Nucleic acids

Question 12

BUILDING BLOCKS: MONOMERS
•____ Monosaccharides

• ____ glycerol/ fatty acids

• ____ Amino acids

• ____ nucleotides

Answer 12

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acid

Question 13

• lack of true nucleus and membrane bound organelles
• Unicellular organisms
• has a small and circular DNA contained in the nucleoid
• Examples: (2)

Answer 13

Prokaryotic cells
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria

Question 14

• Present nucleus and membrane bound organelles
• multicellular organisms
• DNA is found within the nucleus
• Example: (3)

Answer 14

Eukaryotic cells
Protists
Plants
Animals

Question 15

• are all the body’s cells except for the sperm and egg cells
• Are ____, meaning they contain two complete sets of chromosomes
• They make up the majority of our body’s cells and are responsible for various functions

Answer 15

Somatic cells
Diploid

Question 16

• also known as ___cells, are the egg and sperm cells
• They are ___ cells, meaning they contain only one set of chromosomes
• Sex cells are produced through a special type of cell division called ___

Answer 16

Sex cells
Germ cells
Haploid
Meiosis

Question 17

• ___ generally undergo ___
• the process by which a single parent cell divides to make two new daughter cells
• the major purpose is for growth and to replace worn out cells

Answer 17

Mitosis
Somatic cells
Mitosis

Question 18

• ___ cells undergo ___
• The purpose of this is to create ___ for sexual production with half the genetic material of the parent cell

Answer 18

Sex
Meiosis
Gametes

Question 19

____ is a simple chemical test used to detect the presence of reducing sugars in a solution.
• It is a bright blue solution containing ____, _____, and ____
,

Answer 19

Benedict’s test
Copper sulfate
Sodium citrate
Sodium carbonate

Question 20

A chemical test used to detect the presence of peptide bonds in a molecule. ___ are made up of ___ linked together by protein so as a positive indicates the presence of ___ in a sample

• Proteins absent (Negative)
• Protein present (positive)

Answer 20

Biuret test
Peptide bonds
Proteins
Amino acids
Blue color
Purple color

Question 21

BENEDICT’S TEST
• ___ no reducing sugar (Water, Egg white)
• ___ trace reducing sugar (fruit extract, onion extract, potato extract, Liver, soy beans, Green)
• ___ Low reducing sugar (Egg yolk)
• ___ Moderate reducing sugar (Glucose solution , pure honey,)
• ___ High reducing sugar (liver, pure honey)

Answer 21

Blue
Green (light and dark)
Yellow
Orange
Brick red

Question 22

BIURET TEST

Egg yolk ____
Egg white ___
Liver ____
Soy beans ___
Fresh milk ____
Fruit extract ____
Potato extract ____
Onion extract ____
10% glucose solution ____
Water ____
Pure honey

Answer 22

Violet (positive)
Violet (positive)
Violet (positive)
Violet
Violet
Blue
Blue
Blue
Blue
Blue
Blue

Question 23

____ the process by which cells replicate themselves to produce new cells. This
process is essential for growth, development, repair, and reproduction in animals

Answer 23

Cell division

Question 24

Biuret test solution (2)

Answer 24

3% copper sulfate
10% potassium hydroxide

Question 25

Biuret test solution (2)

Answer 25

3% copper sulfate
10% potassium hydroxide

Question 26

The fundamental building blocks of an animal organisms. They are ____ cells meaning they have a nucleus containing DNA

Answer 26

Animal cells
Eukaryotic

Question 27

How many drops of benedict solution?

How many drops of copper sulfate?

How many drops of potassium hydroxide?

Answer 27

10 drops
5 drops
10 drops