Laboratory 03: Integrated Management of Childhood Disease (IMCI) Flashcards
How has child mortality changed over the past 25 years?
91 to 43 deaths per 1000 live births between 1990 and 2015.
Despite the improvement in child mortality, how many children still died before their 5th birthday in 2015?
An estimated 5-9 million children still died before their 5th birthday, mostly from preventable or treatable conditions.
What are the issues affecting quality of care in child health? (Name at least 3)
(A) Health worker skills (incomplete examination, poor counseling, irrational drug use)
(B) Health system support (high cost of services, inaccessible services, availability of drugs)
(C) Community and family practices (harmful practices, delayed care seeking, poor compliance to health worker’s advice)
What does IMCI stand for?
Integrated Management of Childhood Illness.
This aims to reduce mortality and morbidity associated with major childhood illnesses through preventive and curative interventions to improve practices in health facilities and at home.
Integrated Management of Childhood Illness.
IMCI is also characterized as what?
(A) An integrated approach to child health that focuses on the wellbeing of the child.
(B) A core component for child survival.
What does IMCI include?
(A) Evidence based interventions
(B) Guidelines in managing sick children from birth to 5 years old
(C) Includes three components: improvement in health worker’s skills;
health systems support; family and community practices
What are some of the conditions covered by IMCI?
(A) Respiratory: Pneumonia, cough/cold
(B) Diarrhea: Acute watery, dysentery, persistent
(C) Fever: Malaria, measles, meningitis, encephalitis
(D) Ear problems: Mastoiditis, acute and chronic conditions
(E) Nutritional: Kwashiorkor, marasmus, anemia, feeding problems, breastfeeding counseling
(F) Others: Neonatal sepsis, local infections, hypoglycemia, hypothermia, oral thrush, immunization, vitamin A supplementation, deworming
Who updated the technical guidelines for managing childhood illnesses in IMCI?
WHO and UNICEF used updated technical findings to describe management of the illnesses.
Why is IMCI better than single-condition approaches?
IMCI is better because children in developing countries often suffer from more than one condition, and IMCI provides an integrated approach to treat multiple conditions, rather than focusing on a single disease.
What is the key principle of IMCI regarding child health?
IMCI emphasizes “Looking to the Child as a Whole” by addressing the overall health of a child, not just individual diseases.
What are some home-based interventions included in IMCI?
Growth Promotion:
(A) Community or home based interventions
(B) Insecticide-impregnated bednets
Response to Sickness:
(A) Early case management
(B) Appropriate care-seeking
(C) Compliance with treatment
What are some health facility interventions included in IMCI?
Growth Promotion:
(A) Vaccination
(B) Complimentary feeding
(C) Breastfeeding counseling
(D) Micronutrient supplementation
Response to Sickness:
(A) Case management for ARI, diarrhea, measles, malaria, malnutrition, and serious infections
(B) Iron treatment
(C) Anthelmintic treatment
What is the overall aim of the IMCI strategy?
Reduce childhood death and improve child survival.
What are the specific aims of the IMCI strategy?
(A) To reduce the frequency and severity of sickness and disability
(B) To continue improving growth and development
What are the ways to improve child health according to IMCI?
(A) Improve case management of children
(B) Improve nutrition
(C) Ensure immunization
(D) Prevent injuries
(E) Prevent other diseases
(F) Improve psychosocial support and stimulation
(I) Integration of care
What are the preventive interventions included in IMCI?
(A) Vaccination
(B) Nutrition counseling
(C) Breastfeeding
(D) Vitamin A supplements
(E) iron supplementS
(F) Deworming, personal hygiene, and sanitation
What are the key steps in the Gold Pediatric Standard?
(A) Complete medical history
(B) Physical examination
(C) Primary diagnosis and differential diagnoses
(D) Ancillary procedure (if required)
(E) Initial therapeutic plan
(F) Monitor progress of the patient (revisit #3, #4, #5)
(G) Final diagnosis
(H) Revise therapeutic plan
(I) Counsel and follow-up
What is the IMCI Approach for managing sick children?
(A) Assess (1,2,4,6)
(B) Classify (3,7)
(C) Treatment and follow-up (5,6,8,9)
What is the first step in the IMCI Process?
Assess
(A) Determine the child’s age.
(B) Is this an initial visit or a follow-up visit?
(C) Focused assessment of danger signs and symptoms.
What does classifying mean in the IMCI process?
It’s not a diagnosis but guides the health worker to recognize the severity of the illness and determine the necessary actions based on classification.
What happens during the identify treatment step of the IMCI process?
This outlines the actions to be taken, including whether the case requires an urgent referral or home management.
What is the focus of the treatment step in the IMCI process?
It provides guidelines on:
(A) Dosages of drugs
(B) Home care interventions
What is the role of BHW in Care for the Newborn in Community IMCI?
BHWs are capacitated to make prenatal visits to the mother and postnatal visits to both the mother and child.
