Labor Relations Abroad Flashcards
_____________ corporations are those that have operations in more than one country. They are also referred to as stateless corporations because much of their sales and assets are outside of their own country.
Multinational
Explanation:
Multinational corporations (MNCs) are those companies that have operations in one more than country. Statistics have shown that of the 100 top economic units in the world, almost half are multinational corporations.
In 1919, unions from different countries developed the International _____ Organization in an effort to coordinate labor relations activities and raise the standards of work and life through the adoption of uniform values.
Labor
Explanation:
The president of the American Federation of Labor was responsible for founding the ILO, which sought to establish global standards with regards to the eight hour day, limitations on child labor, and the freedom of union formation.
The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development is an international organization made up of __ member countries including the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, and most European nations.
30
The aim of the ____________________________ (OECD) is to encourage cooperation between member countries. It does not create binding law, but a system of peer pressure influences the actions of member countries.
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
The European Trade Union Confederation was established in 1973. Its purpose is to safeguard all EU ________ and to establish a unified trade union movement that operates throughout Europe.
Citizens
Explanation:
The European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) operates in Europe, where European integration has created new challenges for trade unions. Its mission includes establishing a unified European trade union movement that will protect individuals throughout Europe.
A complicating factor associated with transnational bargaining is the ________ differences that exist between countries, especially in the areas of ideology and religion.
Cultural
Cultural differences, such as differences in ________________, can create barriers that impede effective bargaining. Such differences can make it very difficult for unions from the free world to collaborate with unions from elsewhere.
ideology and religion
The North American __________ Agreement was passed in 1994. It is a trade agreement made between the United States, Canada, and Mexico.
Free Trade
Explanation:
The passing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994 eliminated most tariffs between the United States, Canada, and Mexico and allowed free trade between the three countries.
NAFTA was passed in spite of strong opposition by unions. The opposition was based largely on concerns that companies would move factories to Mexico to take advantage of _____ materials and labor as well as poor working conditions.
Cheap
Explanation:
Trade unions were strongly opposed to the passing of NAFTA. Their major concern was that companies would move factories to Mexico, resulting in less jobs for American union members.
The North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation was a supplement to _____. It aimed to create a basis for the United States, Mexico, and Canada to cooperate in resolving labor problems and for trade unions and social organizations from the three countries to work together to improve labor conditions.
NAFTA
Explanation:
It also included a set of labor principles that all parties are required to promote.
In Canada, the governments within the _________ and not the federal government establish the legal framework for most of the collective bargaining.
Provinces
Explanation:
The collective bargaining system in Canada differs from that of many countries as the governments within the provinces establish the legal framework. The geographical spread and the regional concentration of resources has led to this difference.
In Latin America, the trade unions rely on ___________ for laws to protect members, to legalize their organizations, and also to regulate the relations with employers.
Politicians
Explanation:
The political parties in these countries try to gain favor with the unions to ensure their support, votes, and influence. Likewise, the unions look to the politicians for aid.
In Western Europe, while the framework for __________ bargaining is used for individual contracts, the employee can still negotiate employment conditions within these guidelines. This is in stark contrast to the United States where the bargaining agreement supersedes the individual contract.
Collective
The European Union is made up of 27 member states including Spain, France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, and Greece. It acts as a unifying body aimed at creating a single ______.
Market
Explanation:
The European Union (EU) was established in 1992. Its aim is to establish European integration, creating a unified single market. The EU includes employment guidelines that all EU members are expected to uphold.
In Great Britain, wildcat strikes are common, meaning that strikes occur without authorization by a _____.
Union
Explanation:
Wildcat strikes are those that occur without authorization by a union. They rarely occur in the United States. However, they are common in Great Britain. Arbitration is also rarely used in Great Britain as a means of resolving disputes.
