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*EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION LAB > LAB7- Air Plethysmography Body Composition Analysis > Flashcards

LAB7- Air Plethysmography Body Composition Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

plethysmography

A

a measure in the change of volume

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2
Q

air plethysmography

A

an assessment of the change in volume of air

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3
Q

BODPOD

A

the brand name of a device that measures air plethysmography
-a large egg-shaped fiberglass chamber that is capable of measuring pressure changes
-accurate method of body composition measurement that is fast (after calibration), requires minimal client compliance + minimal technician skill

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4
Q

the general premise of BODPOD works the same as ____

A

hydrostatic weighing

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5
Q

how does BODPOD work in simple terms

A

-a client’s weight is measured on a scale
-their volume is measured in the BODPOD
-using a 2-compartment model their body fat is estimated

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6
Q

describe chambers of BODPOD

A

has a reference chamber + a measurement chamber

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7
Q

volume of reference chamber

A

300L

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8
Q

volume of measurement chamber

A

450L

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9
Q

what is found in between the reference chamber + measurement chamber

A

a diaphragm

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10
Q

what does the diaphragm do during a measurement

A

oscillates back + forth to create sinusoidal volume changes (of roughly 350 mL) that are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign

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11
Q

sinusoidal volume change created by the oscillation of the diaphragm

A

350 mL

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12
Q

volume changes created by diaphragm lead to what in the 2 chambers

A

small + complementary pressure changes in the 2 chambers

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13
Q

how does the BODPOD computer calculate volume

A

uses the changes of volume + pressure between the reference chamber + the testing chamber to calculate volume

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14
Q

known volume inside the testing chamber

A

450L

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15
Q

what is the major problem in measuring volume changes of air in a closed system

A

depending on the conditions of the environment, the relationship between pressure, volume, + temperature changes

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16
Q

density formula

A

m / v

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17
Q

isothermal conditions

A

the temperature of the system stays constant because there is a transfer of heat between the system + the surroundings

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18
Q

when air is in isothermal conditions, the relationship of pressure + volume of a gas can be explained by

A

Boyle’s law (Boyle-Mariotte law)

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19
Q

Boyle’s law equation

A

P1 / P2 = V2 / V1

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20
Q

adiabatic conditions

A

the temperature of the system is not constant + there is no transfer of heat between the system + the surroundings

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21
Q

when air is in adiabatic conditions, the relationship of the pressure + volume of a gas can be explained by

A

Poisson’s equation

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22
Q

what is ɣ in Poisson’s equation

A

the ratio of specific heat of the gas

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23
Q

Poisson’s equation

A

P1 / P2 = (V2 / V1)^ ɣ

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24
Q

Boyle’s law = isothermal/adiabatic

A

isothermal

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25
Q

Poisson’s equation = isothermal/adiabatic

A

adiabatic

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26
Q

when air is inside the BODPOD chamber does the air act uniformly

A

no

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27
Q

air near the body surface in clothing + hair reacts like isothermal/adiabatic conditions

A

isothermal

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28
Q

air away from the body surface reacts like isothermal/adiabatic conditions

A

adiabatic

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29
Q

we will assume we are in isothermal/adiabatic

A

adiabatic
-assume things are not constant

29
Q

**air whose volume is compressed under isothermal conditions changes its pressure ____ % less than air compressed under adiabatic conditions

A

40% less

29
Q

air whose volume is compressed under isothermal conditions changes its pressure 40% less than air compressed under adiabatic conditions

^^what does this mean

A

means air under isothermal conditions is 40% more compressible than under adiabatic conditions

30
Q

throughout the measurement in a BODPOD, it’s assumed that the air is acting under isothermal/adiabatic conditions

A

adiabatic
-for this to be the case, several things must be controlled for + ultimately assumed

31
Q

we assume adiabatic conditions- for this to be true what must we do to ɣ

A

there must be a constant ɣ

32
Q

how do we achieve a constant ɣ

A

there must be the same composition of air in the reference chamber that’s in the testing chamber
-to achieve this an air circulation system is used to mix the air between the 2 chambers throughout measurement

33
Q

to assume adiabatic conditions, what must we eliminate

A

anything that increases air under isothermal conditions (excess hair, baggy clothing, etc.)

34
Q

regardless of how many items are eliminated like exccess hair + clothing…

A

air that is in contact with the skin is going to act under isothermal conditions
-this needs to be considered

35
Q

what equation estimates body surface area

A

Dubois formula

36
Q

how do we use body surface area

A

BSA is multiplied by a constant k to yield the surface area artifact which is automatically computed + used to correct the isothermal air that can’t be eliminated

37
Q

what else must we consider to assume adiabatic conditions

A

average thoracic gas volume (V of TG)

38
Q

BODPOD predicts V of TG (average thoracic gas volume) based on what 2 things

A

height + weight

39
Q

individuals with lower average V of TG will be over/underpredicted by the BODPOD

A

underpredicted

40
Q

individuals with a higher average V of TG will be over/underpredicted by the BODPOD

A

overpredicted

41
Q

it is recommended that average V of TG is measured or predicted

A

measured
-more precision

42
Q

in this lab, average V of TG will be measured or predicted

A

predicted

43
Q

most people’s V of TG falls within what values

A

3-4.5 L

44
Q

ultimately what does the BODPOD do

A

takes a measurement of volume change inside the measurement chamber by comparison of the reference chamber with air under adiabatic conditions + then factors in the surface area artifact + V of TG

45
Q

**formula to solve for final body volume

A

final body volume = raw body volume - surface area artifact + 40% V of TG

46
Q

why do we multiply V of TG by 40% in the equation for final body volume

A

the lung volume appears 40% larger than it is because the air in the lungs is acting under isothermal conditions

47
Q

what is final body volume used to calculate

A

density

48
Q

because density is used to estimate body composition…

A

the estimations of 2-compartment model are still assumed

49
Q

fat mass has a density of

A

0.9 g/cm^3

50
Q

fat-free mass has a density of

A

1.1 g/cm^3

51
Q

equipment- scale

A

-highly accurate
-10kg weights for calibration beside scale

52
Q

**for calibration what is used

A

two 10kg weights beside scale

53
Q

testing chamber is able to accomodate up to ____ lb clients

A

550 lb

54
Q

testing chamber is able to accomodate up to ____ tall clients

A

7’ tall

55
Q

testing chamber has a safety button inside

A
56
Q

**volume of calibration cylinder in testing chamber

A

50.118 L

57
Q

the volume of the cylinder in the testing chamber varies around ____ L

A

50L

58
Q

diaphragm

A

creates the changes in pressure + volume that allow for precise measurement

59
Q

clothing requirements- women

A

-form fitting
-spandex-type swimwear or single layer compression shorts (no padding) + single layer (not padded) sports bra
-remove all jewelry

60
Q

clothing requirements- men

A

-form fitting spandex-type swimwear or single layer compression shorts (no padding) + no shirt
-remove all jewelry

61
Q

clothing requirements- both gender

A

-a swim cap will be required to be worn during testing
-the swim cap will be provided or you can bring your own
-use disinfectant spray between participants

62
Q

prior to testing- exercise

A

do not exercise for at least 2 hours prior to testing

63
Q

prior to testing- eat/drink

A

do not eat/drink for at least 2 hours prior to test

64
Q

prior to testing- caffeine

A

avoid caffeine or thermogenic supplements prior to testing

65
Q

prior to testing- bladder

A

void bladder prior to testing

66
Q

prior to testing- skin creams/lotion

A

do not apply skin creams/lotions before test

67
Q

prior to testing- shaving

A

if you shave any part of your body, do so the day of the test if possible

68
Q

during testing

A

there is a blue emergency button inside the BODPOD behind the left leg to unlock the magnetic door

69
Q

normative data for % body fat- men

A

20-29: 14.8%
30-39: 18.4%
40-49: 20.8%
50-59: 22.3%
60-69: 23%
70-79: 22.9%

70
Q

normative data for % body fat- women

A

20-29: 20%
30-39: 21%
40-49: 23.6%
50-59: 26.6%
60-69: 27.5%
70-79: 26.3%

*EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION LAB (10 decks)

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