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N321: Nursing Assessment of Clients > Lab Vocabulary - Exam 2 > Flashcards

Lab Vocabulary - Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Aortic Valve

A

Between the left ventricle and aorta

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2
Q

Atrioventricular Valves

A

Tricuspid and Mitral Valves

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3
Q

Atria

A

upper chambers of the heart

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4
Q

Cardiac Cycle

A

S1 S2 S1 (Systole and Diastole)

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5
Q

Dorsalis Pedis

A

Artery located on top of foot

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6
Q

Femoral

A

artery in groin right and left side, terminates as popliteal artery

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7
Q

Homan’s Sign

A

Pain in calf when foot is passively dorsiflexed

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8
Q

Midclavicular Line

A

imaginary line of the body bisecting the clavicle

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9
Q

Mitral Valve

A

valve between left atria and left ventricle

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10
Q

PMI

A

(Point of maximum Impulse) Apical impulse, found at 5 ICS left MCL in adult, 4 ICS left MCL in children

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11
Q

Popliteal

A

artery located in posterior knee fossa

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12
Q

Posterior Tibial

A

artery located mediually behind tibial bone and malleolus

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13
Q

Precordium

A

entire anterior chest where heart lies in thorax

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14
Q

Pulmonic Valve

A

between right ventricle and pulmonary artery

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15
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

Difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure

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16
Q

S1

A

(first heart sound) mitral and tricuspid closing

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17
Q

S2

A

(second heart sound) aortic and pulmonic closing

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18
Q

Semilunar Valves

A

Aortic and pulmonic valves

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19
Q

Sternum

A

breast bone

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20
Q

Systole

A

working stage of cardiac cycle

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21
Q

Temporal

A

artery located at sides of skull over temporal bone

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22
Q

Thrill

A

vibration of heart, fine palpable

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23
Q

Thrust

A

(heave, lift) sensation of heart lifting

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24
Q

Tricuspid Valve

A

between right atria and right ventricle

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25
Q

Ulnar

A

artery located at - 5th digit side

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26
Q

Ventricle

A

lower chambers of heart

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27
Q

Acute Pain

A

sudden, lasting up to 6 months.

should lead to action to find relief “warning”.

can usually be relieved since cause is often identifiable.

can last up to 6 months

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28
Q

Analgesic

A

pain relief medications

may be narcotic or nonnarcotic (e.g. Morphine or Aspirin)

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29
Q

Chronic Pain

A

pain that generally lasts longer than 6 months

may be insidiously (gradual or subtle)

often difficult to describe

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30
Q

Intractable

A

pain that cannot be controlled

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31
Q

Pain

A

what the individual says it is, SUBJECTIVE

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32
Q

Pain Threshold

A

smallest perceivable pain, lowest perceptible intensity of pain

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33
Q

Pain tolerance

A

the intensity and duration of pain a person can endure

varies between individuals

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34
Q

TENS

A

“Trans-cutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation” Device

Device connected to the skin by electrodes that produce small electrical impulses.

The stimulation interferes with the transmission of pain signals and helps suppress pain sensation.

intensity of stimulation is controlled by the patient

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35
Q

Accessory Muscles

A

involvement of the trapezius/scalene/sternocleidomastoid muscles in breathing

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36
Q

Adventitious Sound

A

abnormal breath sound

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37
Q

Anoxia

A

diminished oxygen in arterial blood despite normal oxygen capacity

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38
Q

AP Diameter

A

comparison of chest measurement anterior-posterior with lateral

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39
Q

Apnea

A

cessation of breathing

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40
Q

Bradypnea

A

slow respiration rate (adult 12 or below)

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41
Q

Bronchial Sound

A

E>I normal; heard over trachea; high pitched and hollow

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42
Q

Bronchovesicular Sound

A

E=I, heard over bifurcation of bronchus T4 (posterior), 2nd ICS (anterior)

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43
Q

Dull

A

sound over heart, liver when percussed

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44
Q

Dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

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45
Q

Expectoration

A

coughing up of mucous formed in air passages

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46
Q

Flaring

A

widening of nostrils r/t air hunger

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47
Q

Hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood

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48
Q

Hypoxia

A

decreased concentration of cellular O2

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49
Q

Inspiration

A

inhalation, drawing into the lungs

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50
Q

Lung

A

R = 3 lobes; L = 2 lobes

51
Q

Manubrium

A

top of sternum

52
Q

Mucus

A

fluid secreted by mucous membranes and glands

53
Q

Orthopnea

A

discomfort in breathing in any but erect or sitting position

54
Q

Resonant

A

air filled as in normal lung percussion

55
Q

Retraction

A

inward pulling in of intercostal spaces, seen in severe hypoxia or respiratory distress

56
Q

Scapulae

A

shoulder blades

57
Q

Sputum

A

substance expelled by coughing (mucus, cells, organisms)

58
Q

Suprasternal notch

A

groove above sternum

59
Q

Thoracic Expanse

A

movement of thorax horizontally

60
Q

Tympanic

A

hollow sound on percussion (Gastric air bubble)

61
Q

Vesicular Sound

A

normal, soft, low pitched E < I heard over most lung fields

62
Q

Xiphoid Process

A

bottom tip of sternum

63
Q

Vocal or Tactile Fremitus

A

vibrations felt over chest when client speaks “99”

64
Q

Pulse Oximetry - “Pulse Ox”

A

noninvasive measurement of O2 concentration in arterial blood via a monitor. Measures the percentage of oxygen carried by available hemoglobin in arterial blood. Normal range is 95-100%

65
Q

Ant

A

anterior

66
Q

Lat

A

Lateral

67
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

68
Q

Post

A

poisterior

69
Q

AP

A

anterior-posterior

70
Q

R/T

A

related to

71
Q

D/T

A

due to

72
Q

Areola

A

darkened area surrounding the nipple

73
Q

Breast Clock

A

method of localizing/documenting findings on breast, in terms of time zones on a clock

74
Q

Cysts

A

sac containing liquid/semi solid substance

75
Q

Dimpling

A

retraction

76
Q

Nipple

A

pigmented projection at tip of breast, outlet to milk

77
Q

Nipple Retraction

A

being drawn or pulled back - when cooper’s ligaments are invaded by calcium, become fibrotic, pulls back skin over lesion leading to dimpling

78
Q

Nodules

A

small mass of tissues in the form of swelling, protuberance

79
Q

Peau d’Orange

A

orange peel consistency to skin - abnormal

80
Q

Pendulous

A

hanging loosely

81
Q

Tail of Spence

A

area extending into axilla from upper outer quadrant of the breast

82
Q

Constipation

A

difficult passage of stool, infrequent defecation

83
Q

Defecation

A

evacuation of bowels

84
Q

Diarrhea

A

frequent passage of watery bowel movements

85
Q

Eructation

A

Passage of gas from oral cavity

86
Q

Fecal Impaction

A

colon filled with hard or soft stool which cannot be expelled, liquid stool can ooze around hardened mass

87
Q

Feces

A

Excrement

88
Q

Flatus

A

expelling of gas from the anus

89
Q

Guaiac

A

hematest, hemocult. Test on stool for occult blood

90
Q

Hemorrhoid

A

tortuous veins in anorectal area internal or external

91
Q

Melena

A

black tarry stool r/t action of intestinal juice on free blood

92
Q

Peristalsis

A

wavelike movements in the GI tract, heard in abdomen

93
Q

Stool

A

bowel movement, feces

94
Q

Suppository

A

Semi-solid substance introduced into rectum, vagina, or urethra where it dissolves

95
Q

Nausea

A

Feeling of gastric upset, often precedes vomiting

96
Q

Protuberant

A

bulging, prominent beyond surface

97
Q

Scaphoid

A

hollow

98
Q

Symphysis Pubis

A

junction of the pubic bones on midline in front

99
Q

-ectomy

A

excision
ex: appendectomy

100
Q

-itis

A

inflammatory
ex: arthritis

101
Q

-oscopy

A

instrumentation view of
ex: endoscopy

102
Q

-osis

A

condition of
ex: scoliosis

103
Q

-ostomy

A

surgical opening which serves as exit
ex: colostomy

104
Q

-otomy

A

surgical opening
ex: Laparotomy

105
Q

Decubitus

A

pressure ulcer, bedsore, area where skin tissue is destroyed, old term

106
Q

Dermis

A

layer under epidermis, contains blood and nerves

107
Q

Eccymosis

A

large, irregularly formed hemorrhage area on skin

108
Q

Erythema

A

redness of skin

109
Q

Hematoma

A

mass of blood

110
Q

Ischemia

A

deficiency of blood in area

111
Q

Jaundice

A

yellowing of skin

112
Q

Lentigo

A

brown macula age spot

113
Q

Lesion

A

pathologically altered skin

114
Q

Maceration

A

process of softening a solid by steeping in fluid and sloughing of skin when wet for a long period of time

115
Q

Macula

A

small, flat area of skin

116
Q

Necrosis

A

death of cells

117
Q

Pallor

A

paleness of skin

118
Q

Papula

A

small, raised area on skin

119
Q

Petechia

A

small, less than 0.5 cm, red/purple hemorrhagic pin-point spots on skin.

from capillary bleeds

120
Q

Purpura

A

red or purple spots as a result of minute hemorrhages within the skin (less than 0.5 cm)

121
Q

Pustule

A

elevation of skin filled with purulent material

122
Q

Striae

A

lines or bands elevated above or depressed below surrounding tissue or differing color + texture

123
Q

Vesicle

A

serous, small, fluid filled area on skin

N321: Nursing Assessment of Clients (18 decks)

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