Lab Values Flashcards
what are the 3 reasons for performing lab testing
screening, diagnosis, monitoring
what is the norm for WBC
3.6-10.8 K/uL
what are WBC labs useful for
infection
neoplasm
allergy
immunosuppression
an increase in WBC=
(leukocytosis) infection, dehydration, stress, abscess, meningitis, appendicitis or tonsillitis
a decrease in WBC=
(leukopenia) drug toxicity, chemo, dietary deficiency, bone marrow depression, viral infection or toxic reaction
what are the 3 main stages of lab testing
screening
diagnosis
monitoring
why do you perform a screening
for evidence of disease
why do you give a diagnosis
helps detect the presence of a condition
why do you monitor labs
to correlate serum levels with patient responses
different additives in tubes can affect the lab result if…
not drawn up in the correct order
what are things that can affect lab values
age, gender, race, pregnancy
what are the most common drugs that affect lab testing
oxygen
NSAIDS
antibiotics
diuretics
BMP tests for
tests for heart failure
Hepatic function is for the
liver
D Dimer is for the
bleeding problems or clots
what are the labs for CBC
WBC, RBC, Indices, H& P, Plts, differential
of red cells per cc/blood
RBC
O2 carrying protein
Hemoglobin
packed volume of RBCs, % of total volume
Hematocrit
MCV, MCH, MCHC all deal with
anemia
red cell distribution width
RDW
of ptl. per cc/blood
platelet
of white cells per cc/blood
WBC
what are the common indications for a CBC
infection, weakness or anemia, bleeding, fluid status
what is the normal lab value for HGB
12.0-16.0g
a protein in HGB give blood its
red color
HGB and Hct are
closely related
an increase in HGB=
congenital heart disease, COPD
a decrease in HGB=
anemia, hodgkin disease, renal disease
what is the normal lab values for Hct
37.0-47.0%
the rapid measurement of RBC count could be seen by what lab
Hct
Hct is __x higher than Hgb level
3x
an increase in Hct levels=
congenital heart disease, COPD
a decrease in Hct levels=
anemia, hemorrhage, renal disease
what is the normal level for Plt
150-400 L/uL
at what platelet count should you hold lovenox
under 100,000
an increase in plt lab values=
(thrombocytosis) Fe deficiency anemia
a decrease in plt lab values=
(thromocytopenia) leukemia and other myelofibrosis disorders
what are the 2 main platelet disorders
thrombocytopenia
thrombocytosis
< 50,000 (too few plts is significant bleeding)
thrombocytopenia
> 600,000 (too many plts and risk for clotting> 1 mill)
thrombocytosis
what are the RBC indices
MVC
RDW
MCH
MCHC
shape of RBC is known as
MCV
size of RBC is known as
RDW
average weight of hemoglobin within a single RBC is known as
MCH
% of hemoglobin within a single RBC is known as
MCHC
watch pt with low Hgb closely bc they are at increase risk of
angina, MI, CHF, and stroke
RBC indices are used to classify
anemias