Lab unit 17-18

Question 1

Respiratory system is composed of

Answer 1

nasal passages, the Larynx, the Trachea, Bronchi, and Alveoli, the Thoracic cage, and the respiratory muscles of the thoracic cage.

Question 2

Only part of the system that actually take part in transfer of oxygen

Answer 2

Lung and vascular spaces into the blood

Question 3

dead space

Answer 3

Together with the unused alveoli of the lungs at low respiratory rate.

Question 4

two physiologically active gases

Answer 4

Oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 5

Proper SI unit of Gas pressure

Answer 5

Pascals,

But expressed in mmHg

Question 6

Atmospheric pressure/ barometric pressure

Answer 6

Increases with proximity to the earth’s centre

Question 7

partial pressure

Answer 7

Dalton’s law of partial pressure
the product of barometric pressure and gas fraction (%)
barometric pressure (mmHg) x gas fraction (% into decimals)

Question 8

Volume of gas

Answer 8

Inverse with pressure (Boyle’s law)

Direct with temperature (Charles’ Law)

Question 9

STPD

Answer 9

Standard temperature and pressure Dry

Question 10

BTPS

Answer 10

body temperature and pressure saturated

Question 11

Relative humidity

Answer 11

The amount of water vapour present in a given volume of air
Relative to the maximum amount of water vapour which could be in that volume before it is saturated
x 100%

Question 12

Corrections of gas volumes from ATPS to STPD

Answer 12

made when we need to know the amount or number of gas molecules,

Question 13

Vital Capacity (VC)

Answer 13

greatest volume of gas that can be expelled by voluntary effort after maximal inspiration
Vital capacity = inspiratory capacity + ERV

Question 14

Inspiratory Capacity (IC)

Answer 14

maximal volume of gas that can be inspired form the resting end-end expiratory position

Question 15

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

Answer 15

maximal volume that can be exhaled from the resting end-expiratory position
Vital capacity = inspiratory capacity + ERV

Question 16

Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)

Answer 16

volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of a quiet exhalation
= ERV + Residual volume

Question 17

Residual Volume (RV)

Answer 17

volume of gas remaining in the lungs after forced expiration

Question 18

Total lung capacity (TLC)

Answer 18

Volume of gas in the lungs at the time of maximal inspiration
= Inspiratory capacity + expiratory capacity + residual volume

Question 19

Residual volume - Total lung Capacity ratio ( RV/TLC) x 100

Answer 19

Expresses the percentage of the total lung capacity occupied by residual volume. no more than 20-30%

Question 20

Tidal Volume (Vt)

Answer 20

Volume of gas inspired or expired with each breath at rest or during any stated activity

Question 21

Minute Ventilation (Ve)

Answer 21

volume of gas either inspired or expired per minute at rest or during any state activity
Tidal volume x number of breaths per min

Question 22

Maximal breathing capacity (MBC)

Answer 22

Usually estimated from a 12 second period of hyperventilation at rest and is expressed as a volume per minute by x 12 sec value by 5

Question 23

Forced expiratory Volume in One second

Answer 23

Volume of air expired during the first 1.0 second of a forced vital capacity maneuver

Question 24

equipment

Answer 24

Respirometer

Question 25

Stroke volume (SV)

Answer 25

Amount of blood pumped out from the right ventricle to the lung and from left ventricle around the rest of the body with each beat of the heart

Question 26

Cardiac output(Q)

Answer 26

rate at which the heart pumps blood per minute

Q= SV x HR (heart Rate)

Question 27

Sinoatrial node (pacemaker)

Answer 27

right atrium -electrocardiography.

Question 28

Sphygmomanometer

Answer 28

Used to measure blood pressure