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BIO > [LAB] Sheep's Brain, Cow's Eye, Cow's Heart > Flashcards

[LAB] Sheep's Brain, Cow's Eye, Cow's Heart Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the grey matter mainly made of?

A

nerve cell bodies

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2
Q

What are the “folds” of the cerebrum?

A

Gyrus

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3
Q

The two hemispheres of the brain is connected by what?

A

Corpus Callosum

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4
Q

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

A

hormone secretion, regulation of hunger, mood, thirst, fatigue, and temperature.

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5
Q

What part of the brain connects to the spinal cord?

A

medulla

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6
Q

The medulla has an important role in what kind of functions?

A

autonomic functions

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7
Q

What structure of the brain is responsible for the detection and discrimination of odors?

A

olfactory bulb

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7
Q

Where does the fibers from each optic nerve “criss-cross” to enable binocular vision?

A

optic chiasm

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8
Q

What connects the retina to the optic chiasm?

A

optic nerve

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9
Q

What are the nerves that continue from the optic chiasm to the thalamus, from which visual stimuli are routed to the visual cortex?

A

optic tract

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10
Q

What gland secretes melationin?

A

pineal gland

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11
Q

What is the connection between forebrain, cerebellum, and medulla?

A

pons

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12
Q

What is the membrane in the longitudinal midline of cerebrum that separates the left and right ventricles?

A

septum pellucidum

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13
Q

What are the furrows in the folds of the cerebrum?

A

sulci/sulcus

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14
Q

What portion of the midbrain coordinates movement of the eyes, head, and neck as a response to stimuli?

A

superior colliculus

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15
Q

What are the cavities in the brain? (hint: includes central canal of the spinal cord)

A

Ventricles

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16
Q

What portion of the CNS is mainly made of myelinated nerve fibers (axon)?

A

White matter

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17
Q

What is the toughest layer of meninges that covers and protects the brain?

A

Dura Matter

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18
Q

What is the layer of the meninges that is ultra-thin and spongy? (hint: appears to be ‘webby’)

A

arachnoid matter

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19
Q

What layer of the meninges is thin and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain, and dips into each sulcus?

(hint: pulling it away will reveal the depth of the sulcus)

A

pia matter

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20
Q

What line separates the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex?

A

longitudinal fissure

21
Q

What separates the frontal lobe from parietal lobe?

A

central sulcus

22
Q

What separates the parietal and temporal lobe?

A

lateral sulcus

23
Q

What is the “little brain”?

A

cerebellum

24
Q

What fissure separates the cerebrum and cerebellum?

A

transverse fissure

25
Q

What is the structure inferior to the optic chaisma?

A

pituitary gland

26
Q

What is the structure inferior to the pituitary gland?

A

pons

27
Q

What is white matter that looks like a tree also known as?

A

arbor vitae

28
Q

What is the function of the sclera?

A

white layer that covers the outside of the eye. For protection

29
Q

Where is the aqueous humor found?

A

anterior chamber of the eye (low viscosity)

30
Q

Where is the vitreous humor found?

A

Posterior chamber of the eye (gel-like)

31
Q

What is the function of the vitreous humor?

A

keeps eye shape

32
Q

What is the function of the aqueous humor?

A

provides nourishment

33
Q

What is the function of the cornea?

A

allows light to enter and helps focus the eye

34
Q

What is the function of the pupil?

A

Opening in which light passes (i.e. lets light pass through)

35
Q

What adjusts the size of the pupil to control the amount of light that enters the eye?

A

iris

36
Q

What is the function of the eye’s lens?

A

absorbs, focuses, and directs incoming light from retina.

37
Q

What structure is ring shaped and produces the aqueous humor?

A

ciliary body

38
Q

What is the layer of photoreceptor cells and glial cells that is responsible for the perception of visuals?

A

retina

39
Q

What is the spall pit in the retina that is responsible for resolution?

A

Fovea

40
Q

What is the function of the ora serrata?

A

marks the transition from the simple, non-photosensitive area of the ciliary body to the complex, multi-layered, photosensitive region of the retina

40
Q

At what side of the heart is the tricuspid valve?

A

right

40
Q

At what side of the heart is the mitral valve?

A

left

41
Q

The right ventricle pumps blood towards what artery?

A

pulmonary artery

41
Q

What is the function of auricles?

A

“Ear”. Helps relieve atrial pressure

41
Q

What is the shallow groove on the surface of the heart that separates the ventricles? (hint: contains important blood vessels)

A

Interventricular sulcus

42
Q

Where is the semilunar valve located?

A

aorta

42
Q

What is the main blood vessel that supports the heart muscle?

A

coronary artery

43
Q
A
44
Q
A
45
Q
A

BIO (6 decks)

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