Lab (rebby)

Question 1

Use your hands _____

Answer 1

wisely

Question 2

Avoid touching the ball of the foot because _____

Answer 2

It stimulates PF

Question 3

Avoid touching the plantar aspect of the heel because _____

Answer 3

It stimulates DF

Question 4

Avoid touching the plantar aspect of MTP 1, Calcaneus, and Navicular because _____

Answer 4

It stimulates Inversion

Question 5

Touching the plantar aspect of MTP 5, Cuboid, and Calcaneus because _____

Answer 5

It stimulates Eversion

Question 6

Where can the PT place their hands on the patient’s foot?

Answer 6

• lateral border of 5th metatarsal
• plantar surface of lateral four toes

(don’t fight me, it’s on the document)

Question 7

What is the purpose of half-bridging?

Answer 7

• To facilitate co-contraction around the hip and better placing responses in the leg with increased WB into the foot

Question 8

What is the purpose of bridging?

Answer 8

• To develop proximal control of the body and improve functional potential for bed mobility –> selective movements of LE

Question 9

Which principle of Neurophysiological Basis (from Lecture 3) can we connect Timing for Emphasis to?

Answer 9

Irradiation: maximum effort of stronger muscles within a pattern facilitate or overflow into weaker muscles

Question 10

When bridging, when side do you put greater pressure on when using timing for emphasis?

Answer 10

The less affected side/stronger side

Question 11

When bridging, what side do you perform successive quick stretches when performing primitive repeated contractions?

Answer 11

The involved side/weaker side

Question 12

What is this an example of:
Resisted ABDuction on the strong side will reinforce ABDuction on the weaker side?

Answer 12

Ramiste’s phenomen (irradiation)

Question 13

You cannot superimpose _____ _____ on abnormal postural alignment.

Answer 13

Normal Movements

Question 14

What is faded feedback?

Answer 14

Feedback given at first after every trial, and then less frequently

Question 15

What is Bandwidth Feedback?

Answer 15

Feedback given only when performance is outside a given error range

Question 16

____ should be under knees for sitting activities.

____ should be under knees for transfers/standing.

Answer 16

Heels should be under knees for sitting activities.

Toes should be under knees for transfers/standing.

Question 17

To facilitate Anterior Pelvic Tilt, presence of adequate PROM of what (2) things are required?

Answer 17

1) Lumbar extension
2) Hip flexion greater than 90 degrees (newer NDT courses refer to hip flexion when the femur is fixed as “anterior rotation of the pelvis on the femur”

Question 18

What are 3 ways for UE to be in WB?

Answer 18

1) Mat
2) Thighs/knees
3) Pillow

Question 19

Is there a functional purpose for performing the anterior pelvic tilt?

Answer 19

Preparing for Sit-to-Stand

Question 20

When the PT is facilitating a patient performing lateral shift to the RIGHT, the patient’s Right side is ______ and the Left side is ______.

Answer 20

Elongating

Shortening

Question 21

After performing any kind of weight shift, we must emphasize ______

Answer 21

Midline orientation

Question 22

When performing weight shifts, why do we shift to the more involved side first (or the side the patient tends not to bear sufficient weight through)?

Answer 22

• Involved side = weaker = easier to LENGTHEN on that side and to SHORTEN on the strong side
• If we did shift to the strong side, it will be harder for the weak side to shorten and then hard to eccentrically lengthen as well as we move to midline

Question 23

What are the 3 purposes of trunk mobilization?

Answer 23

1. To gain flexibility
2. To prepare the patient’s body to be able to learn a movement or function
3. To release spasticity by stretching muscles and/or moving joints

Question 24

During lift-off (aka STS), if your patient’s ankle is dorsiflexing, their center of gravity is too far _______

Answer 24

Posterior

Question 25

During lift-off (aka STS), if your patient’s ankle is plantarflexing, their center of gravity is too far _______

Answer 25

Anterior

Question 26

When scooting (or other transfers) do not resort to placing your hand ____ unless they are max assist BECAUSE the patient will sink more into your HAND

Answer 26

under their glutes

so stay ABOVE their pelvis

Question 27

With the anterior scoot, you can use the Lift-Off Method if they have _____ ____ tightness

Answer 27

Plantar flexors

Question 28

The scoot transfer provides more opportunity for appropriate and symmetrical ____ _____

Answer 28

Weight bearing

1. Improved quality of Tone w/ WB
2. Facilitation of voluntary control w/ WB

Question 29

What 4 things does a patient need for squat/scoot transfers?

Answer 29

1. Dynamic trunk w/ anterior weight shift
2. UE in WB
3. LE and hips angled so that knees point away from the surface the patient is going towards
4. Feet appropriately positioned for dynamic activity

Question 30

What is the therapeutic goal for a scoot transfer?

Answer 30

Multiple repetitions in a controlled WB environment to promote recovery

Question 31

What is the rationale for a modified stand pivot transfer?

Answer 31

Provides an alternate method when time and/or space is limited

Question 32

Difference between squat and scoot transfer?

Answer 32

Squat: the pt is transferred in 1 movement once prepared by the PT

Scoot: as many repetitions are emphasized for therapeutic activity

Question 33

What are the 4 PNF stages of motor control?

Answer 33

1) Mobility
2) Stability
3) Controlled Mobility
4) Skill

Question 34

What PNF stage would we use the 2 techniques we learned from bridging? (Timing for emphasis/Primitive Repeated contractions)

Answer 34

Mobility or Controlled Mobility

Question 35

Which PNF technique did we learn for stability?

Answer 35

Reversal of Isometrics (aka Alternating Isometrics)

Rhythmic Stabilization

Question 36

What is PNF commandment we use to facilitate Stability?

Answer 36

Approximation

Question 37

What PNF technique did we learn for Mobility/Controlled Mobility?

Answer 37

Rhythmic Initiation – > Slow Reversals

Question 38

What PNF commandment do we use to signal a change in direction for Mobility techniques?

Answer 38

Quick Stretch

Question 39

Lecture Review: What are the 7 Commandments of PNF?

Answer 39

1. Manual Contacts
2. Commands/communication
3. Stretch
4. Traction/Approximation
5. Maximal Resistance
6. Normal Timing
7. Reinforcement

Question 40

PTs can help to assist in lateral weight shift in people with pusher syndrome towards ____ _____ side

Answer 40

Less Involved

Question 41

What is the PT’s position (assuming there’s a ball and a tech) for a Pusher’s patient?

Answer 41

Posterior and to a more involved side

Question 42

In severe Pusher’s syndrome, we can use a ___ to block plantarflexion

Answer 42

stiff AFO

Question 43

In quadruped, if the pt has high tone in their hand, _____

Answer 43

they may need help holding their hand flat

Question 44

In quadruped, if the patient has a difficult time extending their wrist at 90 degrees, how can we help?

Answer 44

Place their hands over the edge of the bed to allow fingers to curl around the side

Place their hands on a half roller/bolster

Question 45

From kneeling to half-kneeling, do we want the pts strong side on the up or on the down side?

Answer 45

Depends what we emphasize

• strong side UP = hip extension on weak side = working on midstance and weight acceptance
• weak side UP = pt may be able to initiate hip flexion but toes/ankle may get stuck

Question 46

What a combo special SPECIAL technique that we can use in standing?

Answer 46

Slow Reversal HOLD

Purpose: controlled mobility & add hold to reinforce stance phase of gait

Progression
* Push forward –> Hold, hold, hold (stand tall on front leg) –> Quick stretch (on back) –> Pull back –> Hold, hold, hold (stand tall on back leg) –> Quick Stretch