Lab Quiz Questions Flashcards

1
Q

List the four compartments of the ruminant stomach

A

Rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum

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2
Q

The rumen lining is characterized by

A

Papillae

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3
Q

What function do the rumen and gizzard share

A

-Decrease particle size
-increase surface area

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4
Q

What are the functions of rumination

A

-Decrease particle size
-base creation

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5
Q

What is the purpose of mucus in the abomasum

A

Protect the abomasum from the high acidity stomach contents

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6
Q

What is the purpose of the esophageal groove?

A

To allow milk to bypass the still growing stomach chambers and go straight to the abomasum in young ruminants

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7
Q

Protein Quality is most important for…

A

Poultry

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8
Q

What extra protein source do ruminants have

A

The ability to digest non protein nitrogen in the form of microbial crude protein

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9
Q

In tract dissection what is the thin red structure that was large and tongue like in the pig

A

Spleen

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10
Q

AFB and DMB

A

as fed basis
dry matter basis

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11
Q

rations for what animal(s) are not calculated on an afb

A

ruminants

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12
Q

in forages, what increases with stage of maturity

A

fiber and lignin

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13
Q

in forages, what decreases with stage of maturity

A

crude protein, vitamin a, energy value

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14
Q

structural difference between legumes and grasses

A

legumes have one long tap root
grasses has a a network of shallow, fibrous roots

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15
Q

what ability do legumes have that grasses do not

A

nitrogen fixation

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16
Q

what three minerals are required by grasses to grow

A

nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium

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17
Q

limitation(s) to growing alfalfa

A

requires sandy soil

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18
Q

minimum DM in baled hay

A

85%

19
Q

risks of baling hay that is too wet

A

spontaneous combustion
mold

20
Q

CP of good quality grass hay

A

12%

21
Q

plant structure with highest CP

A

leaves

22
Q

4 steps of making hay

A

mow: chop down
ted: spread out to dry
rake: collect into rows
bale: collect into bales

23
Q

pro and con of horizontal silo

A

pro: easier to fill
con: needs to be packed

24
Q

pro and con of vertical silo

A

pro: self packing
con: hard to fill

25
Q

three materials to cover horizontal silo

A

airtight plastic
durable plastic
tires

26
Q

what is consumed during fermentation

A

O2

27
Q

what is produced during fermentation

A

CO2
heat
VFAs

28
Q

what nutrients are lost in seepage

A

anything water soluble
B vitmins, starch, proteins

29
Q

what acids are present in good quality silage

A

lactic
acetic

30
Q

DM of corn silage

A

35%

31
Q

DM of haylage

A

40-60%

32
Q

what process is done to corn to increase digestibility

A

kernel processing

33
Q

what part of the corn plant holds the most starch

A

the seed/kernel

34
Q

what would be the major effect of low quality corn silage on a lactating dairy cow

A

lowered production (sign of sub clinical ketosis)

35
Q

corn should be ____ high by fourth of july

A

knee

36
Q

energy content of cereal grains

A

high

37
Q

EAA content of cereal grains

A

low

38
Q

what structure of grains contains the majority of the fiber content

A

hull

39
Q

hybrid cross of wheat and rye

A

triticale

40
Q

corn like plant with high levels of prussic acid in vegetative state

A

rye

41
Q

high palatable grain, easily removable hull, commonly fed to horses

A

oats

42
Q

black triangular seed and good scratch feed for gizzard grit

A

buckwheat

43
Q

what structure limits digestion of phosphorous in non ruminants

A

P bound in phytic acid
rumen microbes able to break it down

44
Q
A