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Exercise Physiology > Lab quiz #3 > Flashcards

Lab quiz #3 Flashcards

1
Q

Pulmonary function tests:
Adult lung volumes _

A

Lung capacity
- adult lung volumes ~ 4-6L

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2
Q

Testing lung capacity function

A

gas exchange
- O2 in and CO2 out

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3
Q

In lab we utilize a _ and _ to test lung capacity

A
  • plethysmograph
  • spirometry
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4
Q

_ used to measure changes in volume

A

plethysmograph

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5
Q
  • Governs how we breath
  • Pressure and volume of an ideal gas are inversely proportional at a constant temperature
  • P1V1=P2V2
A

Boyle’s Law

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6
Q

Boyle’s Law
- alveolar pressure falls below atmospheric pressure

A

inspiration

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7
Q

With _ lungs/thorax expand (volume _ , pressure _) air rushes in

A
  • inspiration
  • increases
  • decreases
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8
Q

Boyle’s Law
- alveolar pressure increases

A

expiration

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9
Q

with _ lungs/thorax compress (volume_, pressure _) air rushes out

A
  • expiration
  • decreases
  • increases
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10
Q

volume of air in a normal breath
- between _ and _ L per breath

A

Tidal Volume (TV or Vt)
- 0.4L - 0.6L / breath

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11
Q

volume of air that can be inspired maximally at the end of normal inspiration (TV)
- between _ and _ L

A

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
- 2.5L - 3.5L

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12
Q

volume of air that can be expired maximally at the end of normal expiration
- between _ and _ L

A

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
- 1.0L - 1.5L

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13
Q

volume of air remaining in lungs after maximal expiration
- averages: men 0.9L - 1.4L – women 0.8L-1.2L
- cannot be measured directly

A

Residual (lung) Volume (RV or RLV)

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14
Q

air remaining in lungs after normal expiration; also called thoracic gas volume (TGV)
ERV + RV = _

A

Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)

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15
Q

IRV + TV + ERV = _
indirect indication of lung size
- used in fitness/health clinics
- used to assess effects of smoking, disease, and/or environment
- SVC and FVC
- reflective of age, height, and gender
- reduced with restrictive lung diseases
- averages: men 4L - 5L – women 3L - 4L

A

Vital Capacity (VC)

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16
Q

IRV + TV + ERV + RV or VC + RV

A

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

17
Q

Training does not substantially change _

A

static/some dynamic lung volumes

18
Q

Genetics and body size have _

A

greater influences on lung volumes

19
Q

ability to maximally exhale over :01, :03, etc.
- measure of resistance to flow when expressed as FEV1 or FEV3

A

Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1, FWV3)

20
Q

pulmonary airflow capacity, pulmonary expiratory capacity, and overall resistance to air movement in the lungs

A

Forced Expiratory Volume

21
Q

Healthy individuals should have FEV1/VC ratio of _
- %FEV/FVC > 70% = _
- how good you exhale

A
  • ~80%
  • normal
22
Q

_ lung diseases affect the ability to exhale
- asthma, emphysema, asthmatic/chronic bronchitis, COPD, sleep apnea
- marker for obstruction = FEV1/VC ratio less than or equal to _

A
  • obstructive
  • 70%
23
Q
  • normal = _%
  • obstructive (exhale) = _%
  • restrictive (inhale) = _%
A
  • 80%
  • less than 70%
  • Greater than 80%
24
Q

maximal volume of air inhaled/exhaled from the lungs over a sustained time
- respiratory power (L/min)

A

Maximal Voluntary Ventilation (MVV) or Maximal Breathing Capacity (MBC)

25
Q

Dependent upon strength of respiratory muscles, compliance of lung-thorax system, and resistance of airways

A

Maximal Voluntary Ventilation (MVV)

26
Q

Dynamic measure, but not measured during exercise
- ~25% higher than VE during exercise because we only support what we need for exercise, never reach max
- Averages: men 140-180 L/min – women 80-120 L/min
- requires high level of motivation

A

Maximal Voluntary Ventilation (MVV)

27
Q

how much flow can go through a tube with ‘X’ pressure
- essentially a pressure measurement
- depends on:
- diameter of airway
- laminar (straight) or turbulent (chaotic) flow
- surfactant

A

Resistance (Raw)

28
Q

how much pressure it takes to push ‘X’ flow through a given tube
- essentially a flow measurement
- amount of air reaching the alveoli per unit of time per unit of pressure

A

Conductance (Gaw)

29
Q

Greater lung volumes = _ resistance and _ conductance

A
  • decreased
  • increased

Exercise Physiology (9 decks)

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