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A&P Lab > Lab quiz 2 pt2 > Flashcards

Lab quiz 2 pt2 Flashcards

1
Q

DEFINE: CELLULAR IMMUNITY

A

Direct immunity mediated by T cells

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2
Q

DEFINE: HUMORAL IMMUNITY

A

Indirect immunity mediated by B cells

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3
Q

EACH MONOMER OF AN IMMUNOGLOBULIN CONSISTS OF A HEAVY AND LIGHT CHAIN BOUND TOGETHER BY ____________

A

Disulfide Bridges

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4
Q

ELISA IS AN AN ACRONYM FOR WHAT?

A

Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay

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5
Q

GIVE ONE CHARACTERISTIC AREA INSIDE A TONSIL

A

Follicles

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6
Q

GIVE ONE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

ability to differentiate self from non-self

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7
Q

GIVE ONE EXAMPLE OF A LYMPHOID ORGAN

A

Spleen, thymus

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8
Q

GIVE ONE FUNCTION OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

A

immune response

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9
Q

GIVE ONE OF THE CONSTITUENT PARTS OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

A

LYMPHATIC VESSELS

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10
Q

HEAVY CHAINS AND LIGHT CHAINS HAVE A ____________, IN WHICH THE AMINO ACID SEQUENCE IS IDENTICAL IN BOTH CHAINS

A

Constant Region

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11
Q

HEAVY CHAINS AND LIGHT CHAINS HAVE A CONSTANT ( C ) REGION IN WHICH THE AMINO ACID SEQUENCE IS IDENTICAL IN BOTH CHAINS, AND A _____________, WHICH DIFFERS IN THE IMMUNOGLOBULINS FORMED IN RESPONSE TO DIFFERENT ANTIGENS

A

Variable Region

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12
Q

INVAGINATIONS OF THE MUCOSAL EPITHELIUM OF THE TONSILS ARE CALLED?

A

Crypts

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13
Q

LYMPH CIRCULATES THROUGH __________ BEFORE EXITING THE NODE

A

Lymph Sinuses

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14
Q

LYMPH ENTERS THE LYMPH NODE VIA ______________

A

Afferent Vessels

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15
Q

LYMPH EXITS THE LYMPH NODE VIA THE ______________

A

Efferent Vessels

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16
Q

LYMPH IS FILTERED THROUGH WHAT BEAN-SHAPED STRUCTURES?

A

Lymph Nodes

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17
Q

LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES SEND LYMPH TO LYMPHATIC EVESSELS AND THE LARGER______________

A

Lymphatic Collecting Vessels

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18
Q

LYMPHATIC COLLECTING VESSELS SEND LYMPH TO THE LARGER_________ BEFORE SENDING IT BACK TO VASCULAR CIRCULATION

A

Lymphatic Trunks

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19
Q

LYMPHOCYTES BECOME______________ AN EVENT INDICATED BY THE APPEARANCES OF SPECIFIC CELL-SURFACE PROTEINS THAT ENABLE THE LYMPHOCYTES TO RESPOND (BY BINDING) TO A PARTICULAR ANTIGEN

A

Immunocompetent

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20
Q

MACROMOLECULES THAT ARE CAPABLE OF PROVOKING AN IMMUNE REPONSE AND REACTING WITH THE IMMUNE SYSTEMS PRODUCTS ARE SAID TO BE__________

A

Antigenic

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21
Q

NAME ONE AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

A

Multiple Sclerosis

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22
Q

NAME ONE PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGAN

A

Thymus

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23
Q

NAME ONE SECONDARY LYMPHOID AREA

A

Lymph nodes/ spleen/ tonsils/ appendix

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24
Q

NAME TWO OF THE FIVE CLASSES OF IMMUNOGLOBINS

A

IgM, IgG, IgD, IgA, IgE (list any 2)

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25
Q

ORIGINALLY USED TO MEASURE ANTIBODY TITER, _____________ HAS BEEN MODIFIED FOR USE IN HIV-1 BLOOD SCREENING

A

ELISA

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26
Q

SWOLLEN GLANDS REFERS TO THE SWELLING OF WHAT CLUSTERED STRUCTURES?

A

Lymph Nodes

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27
Q

THE _____________ IS A FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM THAT RECOGNIZES SOMETHING AS FOREIGN AND ACTS TO DESTROY OR NEUTRALIZE IT

A

Adaptive Immune System

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28
Q

THE ACCUMULATION OF FLUID IN TISSUES IS CALLED____________

A

Edema

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29
Q

THE BULK OF THE SPLEEN CONSISTS OF _____________ COMPOSED OF VENOUS SINUSES AND AREAS OF RETICULAR TISSUE AND MACROPHAGES

A

Red Pulp

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30
Q

THE ENLARGED TERMINUS OF THE THORACIC DUCT THAT RECEIVES LYMPH FROM THE DIGESTIVE VISCERA IS CALLED______________

A

Cisterna Chyli

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31
Q

THE HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT CHAIN OF AN IMMUNOGLOBULIN IS CALLED ITS _________________

A

Heavy Chain(s)

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32
Q

THE IMMUNE RESPONSE PROTECTS US FROM WHAT (GIVE ONLY ONE ANSWER)?

A

Bacterial/ viral infections

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33
Q

THE INTERNAL PART OF THE LYMPH NODE WITH CELLS THAT ARE ARRANGED IN A CORD-LIKE FASHION IS CALLED THE __________

A

Medulla

34
Q

THE LARGE___________RECEIVES LYMPH FROM THE BULK OF THE BODY

A

Thoracic Duct

35
Q

THE LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT CHAIN OF AN IMMUNOGLOBULIN IS CALLED IT’S _________________

A

Light Chain(s)

36
Q

THE OUTER REGION OF THE LYMPH NODE IS CALLED THE ___________

A

Cortex

37
Q

THE PART OF THE CORTEX OF THE LYMPH NODES THAT CONTAIN RAPIDLY DIVIDING B CELLS AND HAVE CELLS ARRANGED INTO GLOBULAR MASSES IS CALLED__________

A

Germinal Centers

38
Q

THE VARIABLE REGIONS OF THE LIGHT AND HEAVY CHAINS IN EACH ARM OF THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN CONSTRUCT ONE _____________ WHICH IS UNIQUELY SHAPED TO FIT A SPECIFIC ANTIGENIC DETERMINANT OF AN ANITGEN

A

Antigen-Binding Site

39
Q

THE VARIABLE REGIONS OF THE LIGHT AND HEAVY CHAINS IN EACH ARM OF THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN CONSTRUCT ONE ANTIGEN-BINDING SITE WHICH IS UNIQUELY SHAPED TO FIT A SPECIFIC __________________ OF AN ANTIGEN

A

Antigenic Determinant

40
Q

THESE PHAGOTITIC CELLS ARE FOUND INSIDE LYMPH NODES AND DESTROY BACTERIA, CANCER CELLS, AND OTHER FOREIGN MATTER FOUND IN THE LYMPHATIC STREAM

A

Macrophages

41
Q

WHAT DO PLASMA CELLS PRODUCE?

A

Antibodies / agglutinins

42
Q

WHAT IS THE AREA OF RETICULAR TISSUE AND MACROPHAGES WITHIN THE SPLEEN CALLED?

A

Splenic Cords

43
Q

WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF THE INVOLUTION (SHRINKING) OF THE THYMUS WITH AGE

A

Immunodefiency of the elderly

44
Q

WHAT IS THE FIBROUS OUTER COVERING OF THE LYMPH NODE CALLED?

A

Capsule (Fibrous)

45
Q

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE CRYPTS OF THE TONSILS?

A

Trap bacteria and other foreign matter to be destroyed

46
Q

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF WHITE PULP?

A

Immune function of the spleen

47
Q

WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE AREA FROM WHICH EFFERENT VESSELS EXIT THE LYMPH NODE?

A

Hilum

48
Q

WHAT PREVENTS LYMPH BACKFLOW IN LYMPHATIC VESSELS?

A

Valves

49
Q

WHERE DO B CELLS/ LYMPHOCYTES DIFFERENTIATE?

A

Bone marrow

50
Q

WHERE DO T CELLS/ LYMPHOCYTES DIFFERENTIATE?

A

Thymus

51
Q

HEART WHEN BATHED IN A SOLUTION WITH WARM RINGER’S?

A

speeds up heart rate

52
Q

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH ATROPINE SULFATE?

A

speeds up heart rate

53
Q

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH CALCIUM IONS?

A

Strengthens heart contractions

54
Q

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH COLD RINGER’S?

A

slows down heart rate

55
Q

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH DIGITALIS?

A

slows heart rate and steadies contraction

56
Q

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH EPINEPHRINE?

A

speeds up heart rate

57
Q

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH PILOCARPINE?

A

slows down heart rate

58
Q

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH POTASSIUM IONS?

A

weakens heart contractions

59
Q

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH SODIUM IONS?

A

Weakens heart contractions

60
Q

WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROL ON THE HEART?

A

slows the heart rate

61
Q

WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROL ON THE HEART?

A

speeds up the heart rate

62
Q

What is the equation for the MAP, mean arterial pressure?

A

MAP = (2D+S)/3

63
Q

How do you calculate the pulse pressure?

A

Pulse Pressure = Systolic - Diastolic

64
Q

Number of Platelets

A

250,000-400,000 per mm3

65
Q

Number of WBCs

A

4,800-10,800 per mm3

66
Q

Number of Leukocytes

A

5,000-10,000 per mm3

67
Q

Cholesterol level

A

Anything below 200 mg/dl

68
Q

Type A %

A

39%

69
Q

Type AB %

A

4%

70
Q

Type B %

A

12%

71
Q

Type O %

A

45%

72
Q

Basophil %

A

Less than 1%

73
Q

Lymphocyte %

A

25% +

74
Q

Eosinophil %

A

2-4%

75
Q

Neutrophil %

A

50-70%

76
Q

Monocyte %

A

3-8%

77
Q

RBC healthy female

A

4.3-5.5 million per mm3

78
Q

RBC healthy male

A

4.5-6.0 million per mm3

79
Q

RBC anemic male

A

Below 4.5 million per mn3

80
Q

RBC anemic female

A

Below 4.3 million per mm3

A&P Lab (5 decks)

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