Lab Quiz 2 (Lab 3 & 4) Flashcards
____ - The process of putting bacteria on a microscope slide for staining
Preparing a bacterial smear
When preparing a smear from a solid culture medium, a ____ is used to spread some of the bacteria into a drop of water on the microscope slide
Inoculating loop
When preparing a smear from a broth culture, the ____ is not needed
drop of water
The concentration of bacteria in ____ is usually much lower that can be achieved by putting bacteria from a plate into a drop of water
broth
____ adheres the bacteria to the glass of the microscope slide so that they are not washed off in the subsequent staining steps
Fixing
A ____ stain used a single colored dye
Simple
All bacteria will stain the same color using a ____ stain
simple
____ stain is useful when you want to see the shape or arrangement of bacteria
simple
In a ____ stain, an acidic dye is used to release H+ ions
negative
In a ____ stain, the stain adheres to the microscope slide around the bacteria
negative
In a ____ stain, the bacteria appear as white dots against a dark gray to black background
negative
A ____ stain used to determine the presence and position of endospores within or associated with cells of certain gram-positive bacteria
spore
In a spore stain, you use ____ as the stain
Malachite green
In a ____ stain, you place the slide over a steam bath
spore
The steps of a gram stain
- Primary stain (Crystal Violet)
- Mordant (Iodine)
- Decolorizer (Alcohol)
- Safranin
The ____ stain indicates the presence of the waxy type of lipid, mycolic acid
Acid fast
In an Acid Fast stain, ____ penetrates the cell wall, staining them a reddish-purple color
Carbolfuchsin
Acid Fast cells are ____, non-acid-fast cells are ____
Red; Blue
Bacillus Subtilis has ____
spores
Mycobacterium is ____
Acid Fast
The microbiota on the human body used to be referred to as ____, but microbiologists are trying to stop using this term since it refers to plant life and bacteria are not plants
normal flora
____, ____, and ____ are all sterile sites
Blood; The central nervous system; The major organs
Sterile sites are only colonized by microorganisms during ____
disease
Antibiotics can be ____, meaning they kill the bacteria
Bactericidal
Antibiotics can be ____, meaning they inhibit the growth of bacteria enough that the patient’s immune system can control the infection
Bacteriostatic
You can find both ____ and ____ microorganisms on your skin
Resident; Transient
____ microbes are always on your skin
Resident
____ organisms have been picked up from objects with which the skin has recently come into contact
Transient
____ organisms are present on the skin in low numbers and for only a short period of time
Transient
Most bacteria found on the skin as normal flora are gram ____ organisms
positive
S. pyogenes is _-hemolytic
β
All normal throat flora are _ or _ hemolytic
α or γ
We used ____ as a medium to test urine
Uricult
A urine sample containing less than 10,000 CFU/ml is considered ____ for a urinary tract infection
negative (normal)
A urine sample containing 10,000-100,000 CFU/ml is considered ____ for a urinary tract infection
doubtful
A urine sample containing greater than 100,000 CFU/ml is considered ____ for a urinary tract infection
positive
The pale green side of the Uricult paddle contains ____ + ____. This medium prevents swarming of Proteus, a common urinary tract pathogen. It also changes to a yellowish color when Lactose is fermented.
CLED + Polymyxin
The ____ tests for susceptibility of microorganisms to antibiotics using a disk-diffusion technique
Kirby-Bauer technique
The ____ is a circular area around the spot of the antibiotic in which the bacteria colonies do not grow.
Zone of inhibition
A large zone of inhibition means the bacteria is ____ to the antibiotic
susceptible
The ____ technique can be used to test effectiveness of disinfectants and antiseptics as well as antibiotics
Disk diffusion
