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Microbiology > 2. General and Internal Bacterial Structure > Flashcards

2. General and Internal Bacterial Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

most bacteria rang in size from _______

A

1 - 5 um

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2
Q

____ and ____ are the smallest bacteria (0.1 - 0.2 um)

A

Chlamydia; Rickettsia

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3
Q

____ and ____ are the largest bacteria (0.66 mm)

A

Epulopiscium fishelsoni; Thiomargarita namibiensis

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4
Q

_____ are spherical shape bacteria

A

coccus

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5
Q

Examples of coccus shape bacteria are _____ and _____

A

Strepococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus

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6
Q

S. pyogenes causes _____ and severe invasive infections commonly referred to as the flesh-eating disease

A

strep throat

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7
Q

S. aureus causes _______ such as boils, pimples, etc. It also causes toxic shock syndrome

A

skin infections

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8
Q

____ forms chains

A

strep

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9
Q

_____ forms grape-like clusters

A

staph

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10
Q

Bacillus are ____ shaped

A

rod

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11
Q

An example of Bacillus or rod-shaped bacteria is ______

A

Bacillus anthracis

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12
Q

Bacillus anthracis causes ______

A

anthrax

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13
Q

The two kinds of spiral-shaped bacteria include ______ and ____

A

spirillum, spirochete

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14
Q

____ spiral shaped bacteria have a rigid body

A

spirillum

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15
Q

____ have a flexible body

A

spirochetes

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16
Q

Helicobter pylori is a ______ shaped bacteria

A

spiral

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17
Q

_____ are curved shape and look like a comma

A

vibrio shaped bacteria

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18
Q

______ is an example of a vibro shaped bacteria

A

Vibrio cholerae

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19
Q

Vibrio cholerae causes _____, a severe diarrheal disease

A

cholera

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20
Q

Rods that are so short they appear to be cocci are ____

A

coccobacillus

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21
Q

Bordetella pertussis is an example of ______ shaped bacteria

A

coccobacillus

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22
Q

Bordetella pertussis causes _____

A

whooping cough

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23
Q

The uncommon bacteria shapes are ____, ____, and _____

A

Star-shaped, rectangular flat, triangular

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24
Q

All bacteria are _____

A

Prokaryotes

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25
Q

Fungi are _____

A

Eukaryotes

26
Q

Protozoa are _____

A

Eukaryotes

27
Q

Animals and plants are _____

A

Eukaryotes

28
Q

The major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is the fact that prokaryotes do not have a ______ or _____

A

membrane-bound nucleus, membrane-bound organelles

29
Q

In a bacteria, the area of the cytoplasm where the chromosome is located is the ____

A

Nucleoid

30
Q

The bacterial chromosome is a _____ circular piece of DNA that carries genetic information.

A

single

31
Q

Eukaryotes typically have _____ chromosomes

A

linear

32
Q

_____ have many chromosomes instead of one

A

Eukaryotes

33
Q

The cytoplasm is the same in both ____ and ____ cells

A

eukaryotic, prokaryotic

34
Q

In bacterial cells, _____ free float in the cytoplasm and are composed of 2 subunits made of rRNA and protein.

A

Ribosomes

35
Q

Subunits and rRNA pieces are smaller in ____ cells than they are in eukaryotes

A

bacterial

36
Q

Protein synthesis takes place in the

A

Ribosome

37
Q

Plasmids are small, circular pieces of ___ floating in cytoplasm. These are much smaller than the chromosome

A

DNA

PLASMIDS ARE PRESENT IN SOME BACTERIA BUT NOT ALL

38
Q

Many ____ carry genes for antibiotic resistance, toxin production, or other functions

A

Plasmids

PLASMIDS ARE PRESENT IN SOME BACTERIA BUT NOT ALL

39
Q

____ are areas containing high concentrations of certain compounds which the bacteria need to store

A

Inclusions

INCLUSIONS ARE PRESENT IN SOME BACTERIA BUT NOT ALL

40
Q

Inclusions are named based on what they ____

A

store

41
Q

Thylakoids are a type of inclusion that store ____

A

chlorophyll

42
Q

____ are folded-in portions of the cell membrane which form compartments to hold chlorophyll

A

thylakoids

43
Q

____ develop inside cells of certain species of bacteria when put in poor growth conditions such as dry environments, reduced nutrients, too low or too high temperature, presence of certain levels of radiation, etc.

A

endospores

44
Q

____ can last many years and will germinate and produce vegetative cells when put in a proper environment

A

spores

45
Q

all species of _____ form spores

A

Bacillus

46
Q

all species in the genus Clostridium form _____

A

spores

47
Q

Clostridium tetani produce spores and causes ____

A

tetanus

48
Q

Clostridium botulinum produces spores and causes ____

A

botulism

49
Q

Clostridium perfringens produces spores and causes ____

A

gas gangrene

50
Q

A phospholipid bilayer with proteins is a _____

A

cell membrane

51
Q

The ______ contains all the components needed for electron transport since bacteria have no ____

A

cell membrane, mitochondria

52
Q

Eukaryotic cell membranes are different in that they contain ____ as strengthening agents.

A

sterols

53
Q

Among bacteria, only ____ have sterols in their cell membrane. All other bacterial cell membranes do not use sterols.

A

mycoplasmas

54
Q

Some bacteria use _____ as strengthening agents

A

hopanoids

55
Q

What shape of bacteria is this

A

Coccus

56
Q

What shape of bacteria is this

A

Coccus

57
Q

What shape of bacteria is this

A

Bacillus

58
Q

What shape of bacteria is this

A

Bacillus

59
Q

What shape of bacteria is this

A

Vibrio

60
Q

What shape of bacteria is this

A

Vibrio

61
Q

What shape of bacteria is this

A

Coccoobacillus

62
Q

What shape of bacteria is this

A

Coccobacillus

Microbiology (9 decks)

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