lab practicum cumulative Flashcards
what is this orginizum and what is the function of the indicated part
Anabeana, a genus of cyanobacteria.
fixes carbon
give the shape and gram stain result
cocci
gram positive
There is substantial evidence that mitochondria and chloroplasts are remnants of once free-living bacteria that came to live in intimate contact with archaea; this is part of a theory termed the ______________ theory.
endosymbiotic
Which cellular structure is responsible for rejecting the Gram staining procedure, resulting in a Gram negative stain?
lipopolysaccharide coat
name the organizum and its indicated parts
Amoeba
- nucleous
- pseudopodia
- food vacuole
Which antiseptic was most effective in killing off the bacteria on this petri dish?
P
The purple iodine stain on these granules is a positive test for…?
starch
Archaea include organisms that are mesophiles, but also organisms we would call extremophiles. Name one sub-category of extremeophile that you read about in the lab manual.
halophile
halophiles
thermophiles
methanogen
thermophile
methanogens
What is the name of these locomotory structures that all members of the phylum possess?
paramecium cillia
what is the organism shown lineage phylum what disease does this cause
Trypanosoma gambienese Lineage Excavata phylum Kinetoplastida
causes african sleeping sickness
what is this organisim
Rotifer
diagram A represents a gram negative bacterium
false
what lineage and phylum is this organism
lineage excavata phylum parabasalida : trichonympha: ;oves in termites and help termites digest cellulos in wood
what is the organism and what is the structure indicated
Phylum Actinopoda. lineage rhizaria
part indicated axopdia (long thin pseudopodia) gather food
match the parts to the lables
A Peristome
B capsule Sporangium
C Seta of Sporophyte
D Gametophyte
name the lineage
Excavata: Euglena viridis
name the lineage
avelolata : ceratium
name the lineage
Stamenopila
name the form group with in phylum rhodophyta
microscopic filamentous
name the form froup within the phylum Rhodophyta
filamentous branched
name the form froup within the phylum Rhodophyta
encrusting coralline
name the form froup within the phylum Rhodophyta
jointed coraline
name the organism and lineage and name structures
Stramenopila: phylum Phaeophyta ( brown alge)
A Blade
B stipe
C Hold fast
not shown air blader Bubble
name the structures and name the organism
Euglena
A flagellum
B eyespot
C vacuole
D Paramylon graanules
E chloroplast
F Nucleus
Bryophytes are said to be poikilohydric; this implies that ___________.
They have the capacity to tolerate dehydration to very low water content and to recover from it without permanent physiological damage.
this is the upper surface of a thallose liverwort these cup structures are
gemmae cups, containing multicellular gemmae inside produced by mitosis (for asexual reproduction)
what type of fertilization is represented
double fertilization
name the structures
Moss
A sporophyte
B gametophyte
C Rhizoids
D Capsule
E Spores
F Seta
name the structures
A Sorus
B frond(leaf)
C Fiddlehead
D Rhizome
what is this
moss with sporophytes
name the organism and the parts
paramecium
1 Macronucleus
2 Vacuole
3 Oral groove
4 Micronucleus
there are no cell wall divisions between each nuclei how is this characterized
Coenocytic:
identify the organism
Rhizaria: Foram
identify the purple organism
trypansosoma
identidy the oprganism
Trichomonas
identify the organizm
plasmodium
identify the organism
Trhichonympha : excavata
life cycles Haploid
is the state of having one set of chromosomes (N) in human eggs and sperm are haploid in certain other organism such as mosses many other cells are haploid
life cycles Diploid
the state ofd having two sets of chromosomes (2N)
life cycle gametes
are haploid cells that can fuse at fertilization
name the life cycle
Diploid dominated life cycle (gamatic life cycle )
name the life cycle
haploid dominiated life cycle (Zygotic life cycle )
name the life cycle
sporic life cycle
name the organism and name the structures
Euglena Lineage Excavata
name the organism and the parts
Fern cross section through its Rhixome
A external phloem
B xylem
C internal Pholem
name the organism
liverwort
name the organism
moss
name the organism
scouring roush
name the life cycle
liverwort life cycle
name the organism
leafy liverwort
name the organism and the parts
Leafy liverwort
A Capsule (2N)
B Seta (2N)
C Leaf (N)
D rhizoids (N)
E Perianth (N)
F Stem (N)
name the organism and its parts
Moss
A capsule
B peristome
C Seta
D Operculm
E calyptra
F leaf
G Stem
H Rhizoid
I Sporophyte
J Gametophyte
lable parts
A operculum
B Calyptra
C Peristome
name the organism and what are the pores used for
Marchantia polymorpha
pores used for gas exchange
label all the structures
A mature sporophyte
B archegoniophore
C moss Sporophyte
D moss Gametophyte
E liverwort thallus
identify the slide
liverwort antheridia
what does this diagram represent
fertilization
name the male and female parts
Male antheridium
female Archegonium
Name the parts
A anther
B filament
C stigma
D Style
E ovary
F Sepal
G stamen
H Carpel
I Petal
Name the parts
A stigma
B style
C sepal
D anther
E filament
F petal
Collective sepals
Calyx
Collective petals
Corolla
Collective stamens
Androecium
Collective carpels
Gynoecium
name the ovary positions
A ovary superior
B ovary inferior
C ovaries in hypanthum
Define Homology
Inherited ancestral organization
Define analogous
Similar adaptations in distantly related lineages
What is phylogenetic conservatism
The tendency for ancestral traits to remain static
what kind of pollinator pollinates these flowers
A Humming bird
B bee
C buterfly
D Bat
what kind of life cycle is shown
angiosperm
what is this slide
pollen sac with polen
what is this slide
ovary with ovules
label the partas of this pinenut
outer A Gametophyte
inner B Embryo
lable the structures on the pine needles
A pholem
B xylem
C Stomata
D resin Duct
identify these
Pine pollen
is this organism isomorphic or heteromorphic
Isomorphic
are these gametes of this organism isomorphic or heteromorphic
Isomorphic
Name this cross section
Fucus Archegonia
this is a cross section of a root nodule whats inside
Bacteria
is the bacilli gram positive or negative
negative
what does the purple organism cause
malaria
what kind of organism lived within
what are these shells made of
foraminifera
calcium carbonate
Spirogyra
conjugation of + and - Strains
trichonympha
digest cellulose in termite guts
N ( archegoniophore)
2n ( seta)
Amoeba
Pseudopodium
Rotifera
Corona
Bacillum
Gram +
Gingko biloba
male sporangia or male cones
Cyanobacteria
fixes nitrogen (heterocyst)
10A. 400x
10B. it should not be on 40x without a slide
11A. carpel or stigma
11B. anther or stamen
12A. nitrogen-fixing bacteria
12B. Bacteria
13A. Trichomonasis (Trichomonas vaginalis)
13B. Excavata
14A. Rhodophyta: Batrachospermum
14B. microscopic filamentous
15A. antheridium
15B. sperm
16A. Volvox
16B. it will become a new colony
17A. Dinoflagellata
17B. N
18A. petal or corolla
18B. sepal or calyx
19A. slime mould
19B. absorption following external digestion
20A. N
20B. 2N
21A. fern (Monilophyta)
21B. fixes atmopheric nitrogen; fertilizes rice paddies
22A. stoma
22B. water vaper
23A. anthers
23B. stigma
24A. Metasequoia conifer 24B. female
25A. indusium
25B. sporangia
sperm and egg have fused to for diploid _________
Sporophyte
which group does this organism belong to ?
Land plant hepaticophyta archaeplastida
the coating of the parallel bands of protein across this organism is called ?
the pellicle
what are the locomotory structures for these organisms
cillia
what are the yellowish toothlike structures and what do they aid in
they constiture a peristome which aids in spore dispersal
what are the structures in this picture
sporangia filled with spores
name the group to which this organism belongs to
musci eukarya
name the clade that this plant belongs to
monilohyta
what does this slide show
male pinecone pollen
lilium ovary embryo sac
Lilium mature pollen in anther
Gonium
Chalmydomonas
pandorina
Dino flagellets
Vovolox
amoeba
Radiolaria strew
Foraminifera strew
Physarum
Achyla water mold
Paramecium caudatum
Termite flagellates trichonympha
trichonympha
marchanthia antheridia
marchanthia mature sporophyte
marchanthia archegonia
minum capsule
moss archegonia
Which of the following are(is) not (a) process(es) that result(s) in microevolution within a population?
Isolation Ie lack of migration
selection
phentypic change in an individual (plasticity)
Genetic Drift
mutation
Isolation lack of migration
phenotypic change in indicisual plasticity
Referring to the figure below, is the frog more closely related to the _________.
Human
Water flow is an important aspect of any sponge’s life. The water flows in through the ____________, and out through the ____________.
Ostia , Osculum
Check two boxes: Identify the organism, and the part that is colored brown.
Uterus Clonorchis
What is dominance to the microevolutionary process?
A rare dominant allele initially spreads faster than a rare recessive allele (for the same selection coefficient in each scenario).
The organism above contains stinging cells that allows it to catch prey and that also give the phylum its name. What are these cells called?
Cnidocytes
name the parts
A flagellum
B food particles
C Choanocyte
D Amoebocyte
E Collar
name the flagellated cells that line the sponge
Choanocytes
Species richness
the count of the number of differnt species in an area
the relative abundance of the differnt species in an area
species evenness
species diversity
a measurement that weights each species by its abundance, accumulated with greater numbers of species
What is/are function(s) of the structure indicated by the arrow?
feeding
What is/are proper way(s) to write the genus and species of people?
Homo sapiens
Homo sapiens
Fill in the blank. A(n)_________ is an undirected change in the genetic material (DNA) of an organism.
Mutation
What is this unique stinging cell called that is possessed by Cnidarians?
cnidocyte
The body plan of cnidarians is composed of two cell layers, the epidermis (from ectoderm) and the gastrodermis (from endoderm). Therefore, these simple animals are triploblastic and have well developed organ systems.
false
Which of the following are typically included in the causes of microevolution?
Selection
species richness
drift
extinction
mutation
selection
drift
mutation
Cnidarians are composed of tissues, but the tissues are not organized into discrete organs; therefore they exhibit a tissue level of organization. However, some Cnidarians have become colonial, with zooids specializing in various functions.
true of false
false
Sponges (Porifera) are said to have which level of organization?
tissue
What does cephalization mean?
the development of sense organs and nervous system control at the body’s leading head.
Leeches use an anticoagulant called _________________ to prevent their host’s blood from clotting.
hirudin
This is a polyp of an Anthozoan. Which organism gives it this internal color?
zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium sp.)
The upside down Daphnia (water flea) has been ingested by the hydra. What is the name of the cavity the Daphnia is in?
coelenteron
gastrovascular cavity
gastrovascular
What is(are) the difference(s) between a polychaete and an oligochaete?
An oligochaete lacks parapodia
An oligochaete lacks parapodia
ephyras
Match the body cavity to the organism.
acelom
Match the body cavity to the organism.
coelom
Match the body cavity to the organism.
pseudocoelom
Name the body-cavity type that this organism exhibits.
acoelomate
What group uses this mode of reproduction?
What is the purpose of including a control group in experiments?
It increases our ability to attribute the results of experimental treatments to the cause we are manipulating as opposed to other effects of our protocol.
In triplobastic animals, the three cell layers of the gastrula are called the ______________ ____________ and ____________; list them from outer-most layer to inner-most (without the word “and”—just as three words).
ectoderm— mesoderm—-endoderm
This organism is a segmented worm; to which class does it belong?
Polychaeta
Earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) are hermaphroditic selfers. They never (or almost never) mate with another individual.
true or false
false
Match each specimen from phylum Cnidaria to its class.
anthozoa
Match each specimen from phylum Cnidaria to its class.
hydrozoa
Match each specimen from phylum Cnidaria to its class.
scyphozoa
What are the sharp structures that make up this whole mount of Leucoselenia?
spicules
Choose the answer that properly identifies each body plan in order from A to C.
acoelomate, pseudocoelomate, coelomate
In nematodes, ecdysis means or is interpreted as
molting
This structure is specialized for ______________ and is called a _________________.
feeding; hydranth
A polychaete is a pseudocoelomate.
true or false
false they are coelomates
A nematode is a segmented worm.
true or false
false
This is a Hydra whole mount. What is taking place on the left?
asexual production of a new polyp
Structure (A) is a muscular throat called a __________________ that this animal uses to grind up food.
mastax
Match the functions.
3 to hold as yet poorly digested food
4 to physically grind up food
6 to make sperm
7 to recive sperm
9 to pump blood
What is the external structure indicated by the arrow?
clitellum
What is the primary function of the typhlosole in an earthworm?
Increase surface area for absorption
Why is it important that you have a control group in an experiment?
so that it becomes possible to compare treatment groups to an untreated group
to give a reliable baseline for comparison on how an organisms reacts under “normal” circumstances
___________ is the process allows the body of the gastropod to rotate 180 degrees so that the anus is near the anterior end of the organism.
torsion
What would it mean if C. elegans has a similar neurophysiological response to caffeine and alcohol as humans do?
that the neurophysiology those drugs affect has been conserved since the common ancestor of protostomes and deuterostomes
What is a presumed homology that connects the mollusks to the annelids?
trochophore larvae
No living cephalopods have an external shell.
true or false
false
What is the Greek/Latin derivation of the name gastropod?
stomach; foot
Identify the two classes shown
bivalvia
cephalapoda
Squid and octopuses are in the Cephalopoda. What is the derivation of the name “Cephalopoda”?
head; foot
What is an umbo?
the oldest, raised part of a bivalve shell
To what phylum does this organism belong?
Rotifera
name the parts \
3
4
6
7
9
3 crop
4 gizzard
6 seminal vesicles
7 seminal receptacel
9 hearts
A primary characteristic of the phylum of this organism is …
segmentation; metameres or repeated segments that appear like “little rings”
This is a Lumbricus in cross section
small intestine: Humans :: __________: Lumbricus
typhlosole
Choose the main parts uniting the various groups of mollusks (like synapomorphies for the phylum, like to’ally).
Mantle
visceral mass
head
What is a radula?
not found in bivalves
a raspy tongue
name the parts
1
2
3
8
1mantle
2 gill
3 adductor
8foot
Why is it important that you have a control group in an experiment?
To give a reliable baseline for comparison on how an organisms reacts under “normal” circumstances
So that it becomes possible to compare treatment groups to an untreated group
name this part
heart
Which are characteristics of this organism’s class?
has a cuttlebone
may eject ink when threatened
On a bivalve, how can you tell which end is anterior?
the end closest to the umbo
All these organisms (excluding the humans) belong to the phylum __________________________.
Arthropoda
What is an easy way to tell the sex of a (mature) squid?
the presence or absence of the nidamental gland
Match the following parts of a scientific paper with what each would contain.
Introduction
Results
Discussion
method
Introduction: Hypotheses that you set out to test
Results:Charts, graphs, and statistics describing your findings
Discussion: Your explanation(s) for why you found what you did
method: The protocols you used such that someone else could replicate your experiment
How many tagmata do organisms in the Arachnida have?
two
Select all that apply to squid “B”
female
has testes
has a vas deferens
male
has a nidamental gland
female
has nidamentale gland
Insects have ___ tagmata.
3
Match the characteristic to the correct phylum.
cnidaria exoskeleton of chitin
Annelida soft body muscular foot visceral mass
Mollusca Metameres (segmentation)
Arthopoda radial symmetry
cnidaria Radial Symetry
Annelida metameres (segmentation)
Mollusca soft body muscular foot visceral mass
Arthopoda radial symmetry
The principal components of the insect exoskeleton are proteins and a type of carbohydrate called _________.
Chitin
Can you see the stick insect? Many insects have evolved colors and patterns that allow them to blend into their environment, this form of protection is called _____________.
crypsis
What is this structure from a Giant Squid?
beak and busccal bulb
Why are replication and reasonably large sample sizes important in an experiment?
To increase the (potential) significance and reliability of the results (if there actually was a difference between treatments).
To reduce the standard errors within experimental groups.
To provide stronger evidence regarding the hypothesis you are testing.
Match each organism with its correct class.
bivalvia
Match each organism with its correct class.
cephalopoda
Match each organism with its correct class.
gastropoda
Match each organism with its correct class.
polyplacophora
Because the exoskeleton is rigid, arthropods must shed it periodically, to grow in a process known as molting, or __________.
ecdysis
Why, in the guppy choice experiment, is it important that the tank be centered over the red line?
So we are accurately measuring which half of the tank the fish is in.
Here is the ventral view of a member of class Malacostraca. Is this specimen male or female?
female
Name the process occurring in the images above.
ecdysis
This organism’s integument structure is made of modified __________ (modified compared to the condition in its close relatives)?
keratin
hair
The phylum of all of these organisms is ____________________ [one word].
Echinodermata
Indicate for each structure below its developmental destiny (i.e. what becomes of it as an adult).
Notochord of a mammal
Pharyngeal gill slits of a mammal
Post-anal tail in a human
dorsal tubular nerve cord in a shark
segments in a snake
Notochord of a mammal : disks between vertebrae
Pharyngeal gill slits of a mammal: eustachian tubes, the canals that regulates the pressure of the middle ears
Post-anal tail in a human: Coccyx a short bony extension of the vertebrae colum
dorsal tubular nerve cord in a shark:central nervous system
segments in a snake:
muscles and bones associated with each rib and vetebra
Identify structure 2 (yes, all of those labeled 2, collectively)
book gills
Select the group(s) that does(do) not belong in the probably paraphyletic ‘crustacea’.
scorpions
The grasshopper abdomen here shows valved openings called ________________, which are part of the respiratory system.
spiracles
How come tunicates and lancelets are classified as chordates even though they have no backbone?
a notochord was present during their larval stage
Match each organism to its class.
Branchiopoda
=Match each organism to its class.
Copepoda
Match each organism to its class.
Cirripedia
Match each organism to its class.
malacostraca
During deuterostome development, the blastopore goes on to form which of the following?
Anus
Check synapomorphy(ies) that mark(s) the Chordata (and not some larger or smaller clade)?
post anal tail
pharyngeal slits
notchcord
dorsal hollow nerve cord
What is the structure indicated by the arrow? These animals often orient so that water flows from left to right; given their shape, water flow pushes them down against the substrate rather than lifting them up, when they have this orientation.
telson
Which of the following clades are humans included in?
Mammalia
vertebrata
chordata
Sea stars feed by everting their stomach through their mouth subsequently digesting the food outside of their body before consumption.
true
These images represent a group of fungi that are endosymbiotic with plants. What is the phylum?
Glomeromycota
Place the correct kind of integument structure with each clade.
Chondrichthyes
Actinopterygii
Amphibia
Lepidosauria
Aves
Mammalia
Chondrichthyes
placoid scales
Actinopterygii
cycloid scales
Amphibia
none—just cells of skin
Lepidosauria
epidermal scales
Aves
feathers
Mammalia
hair
Which of the following are not members of the clade Amniota (the amniotes)?
Amphibia
Actinopterygii
Mammalia
Lepidosaurs
Aves
Amphibia and actinopterygii
The fungus pictured belongs to the one fungal phylum (Chytridiomycota) that has flagellated cells in its life cycle. The character state should be considered primitive since flagella are also found in more distantly related organisms such as animals. Thus, other fungi presumably belong to one or a few lineages that have lost the flagellum.
true
Many Actionperygii use a _________________ [two words] for regulating buoyancy.
swim bladder
Lichens are constituted by a _________ relationship between a fungus and an alga.
symbiotic
This bird likes to sally for insects in the air. What’s its common name?
black phoebe
This is a close-up view of a frog’s skin. It is infected with a certain type of organism. Two sporangia containing numerous zoospores are visible. What is the phylum of the organism?
Chitridiomycota
Match the organism to its phylum.
ascomycota
Match the organism to its phylum.
basidiomycota
Match the organism to its phylum.
zygomycota
Match the organism to its phylum.
chitrydiomycota
Name the red structures.
basidiospores
Which of the following clades within the vertebrates have animals that undergo development within an amniotic egg?
aves
lepidosaurs
Name the clade(s) to which this organism belongs.
deuterostoma
chondrichthyes
chordata
The class Condrichthyes has a skeleton composed of _________ instead of bone.
cartilage
A fungus cloaks the roots of a conifer, White Spruce (Picea glauca). What kind of relationship is this?
ectomycorrhizal
What organism(s) make up a typical lichen?
green alga
ascomycota
Why do amphibians tend to be largely restricted to moist places?
thin skin makes them vulnerable to rapid water loss
Match each letter to its correct structure.
A sporangium
B mycelium
Arthropods have a closed circulatory system.
false the have an ope system
is the non stippled ring a coelom?
no its outside the organism aroun the pharynx
label and name the organism
Planarian
label the parts
what is the strictire that rids a planaria of nitrogenous waste analogus to how our kidneys get urea out of our blood
flame cells
name the clade
porifera
name the clade
cnidaria
name the clade
Echinodermata
name the clade
lophotrochozoa>Annelida
name the clade
lophotrochozoa>mollusca
name the clade
lophotrochozoa>platyhelminthes
name the clade
lophotrochozoa>rotifera
name the clade
Ecdysozoa>nematoda
what kind of development is this
protostome
name the organism
sponge
name the parts and organism
sponge
labe the parts and name the organism
hydra
label the parts
name the class
siphonophores> hydrozoans
name the class
anthozoa>coral
label parts and name the class
Class Anthozoa:
name the class
planarian
label parts and name the organism
Clonorchis class trematoda
name the type of organism
cestoda
in this anthozoan what cavity is behnd the pink arrow
coelenteron
identify the organism
hydra
what organism has this stage as part of its life cycle
aurelia
identify the organism
aurelia
identify the obelia medusa
name the kind of organism
trematode cercaria
name the type of organism
schistosoma
what is this
skeleton of a poriferan
identify the organism
trematode
name the class
hydrozoa
what is this
anthozoa
label the organism
label the structures
identify the organism
sponge
lable the strucure
what unique mode of reproduction is drawn here ?
stroblilization
lable the organism and name it
planarians
how does this sugesia taste?
with dense neurons in auricles
true or fals planarians are hermaphroditic
true
what system is colored in yellow?
gastrovascular
label parts
label parts
label the parts
label the parts
label the parts
name the type of organism
name the class
polycheate> nereis
name the phylum
nematoda
identify the organism
hirudinea
name the tissue indicatedby the blue bracket from a cnidarian
gastrodermis
what type of body cavity forms in the embryo as a completely new space totally within mesodermal tissue
coelom
these colorful worms live in the ocean can you guess their group
polychaete
this organism causes pinworm infection mostly in children what group is it a member of
nematoda
label this cross section of ascaris
label the structure
labe the structures
label parts
name the structure
labial palp
are the siphons of bivalves and cephlopods homologous
no the former is mantle the later is foot
which is in the polyplacophora
WHICH IS A GASTROPODA
THIS BIVALVE HAS BEEN COOKED LABEL THE STRUCTURES
LABEL THE PARTS
A REPLICATE IS…..
AN INDEPENDENT INDICATOR OF INFORMATION
LABEL THE PARTS
IS THE CRAYFISH A PROTOSTOME OR DEUTEROSTOME
PROTOSTOME
LABEL THE PARTS
LABEL THE PARTS
LABEL PARTS
NAME THE GROUP
MALACOSTRACA
NAME THE GROUP
CIRRIPEDIA
THIS FLY IS HARMLESS TO BIRDS THAT MIGHT EAT IT BUT IT LOOKS LIKE A BUMBLE BEE DESCRIBE ITS COLORATION
BASTESIAN MIMICRY
NAME THE GROUP
MALACOSTRACA
NAME THE GROUP
ECHINODERMS
NAME THE CLASS
OPHIUROIDEA
NAME THE GROUP
cephalochordata
label the parts
label the parts
name the group
glomeromycota
name the group
zygomycota
what are the asexual propagules of ascomycota called
conidia
label the parts of this rhizopus
