lab practicum 2 Flashcards
Which of the following are(is) not (a) process(es) that result(s) in microevolution within a population?
Isolation Ie lack of migration
selection
phentypic change in an individual (plasticity)
Genetic Drift
mutation
Isolation lack of migration
phenotypic change in indicisual plasticity
Referring to the figure below, is the frog more closely related to the _________.
Human
Water flow is an important aspect of any sponge’s life. The water flows in through the ____________, and out through the ____________.
Ostia , Osculum
Check two boxes: Identify the organism, and the part that is colored brown.
Uterus Clonorchis
The organism above contains stinging cells that allows it to catch prey and that also give the phylum its name. What are these cells called?
Cnidocytes
name the parts
A flagellum
B food particles
C Choanocyte
D Amoebocyte
E Collar
name the flagellated cells that line the sponge
Choanocytes
What is dominance to the microevolutionary process?
A rare dominant allele initially spreads faster than a rare recessive allele (for the same selection coefficient in each scenario).
What is/are function(s) of the structure indicated by the arrow?
feeding
What is this unique stinging cell called that is possessed by Cnidarians?
cnidocyte
The body plan of cnidarians is composed of two cell layers, the epidermis (from ectoderm) and the gastrodermis (from endoderm). Therefore, these simple animals are triploblastic and have well developed organ systems.
false
Species richness
the count of the number of differnt species in an area
the relative abundance of the differnt species in an area
species evenness
species diversity
a measurement that weights each species by its abundance, accumulated with greater numbers of species
What is/are proper way(s) to write the genus and species of people?
Homo sapiens
Homo sapiens
This is a polyp of an Anthozoan. Which organism gives it this internal color?
zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium sp.)
The upside down Daphnia (water flea) has been ingested by the hydra. What is the name of the cavity the Daphnia is in?
coelenteron
gastrovascular cavity
gastrovascular
Fill in the blank. A(n)_________ is an undirected change in the genetic material (DNA) of an organism.
Mutation
An oligochaete lacks parapodia
ephyras
Match the body cavity to the organism.
acelom
Match the body cavity to the organism.
coelom
Match the body cavity to the organism.
pseudocoelom
Name the body-cavity type that this organism exhibits.
acoelomate
What group uses this mode of reproduction?
This organism is a segmented worm; to which class does it belong?
Polychaeta
Which of the following are typically included in the causes of microevolution?
Selection
species richness
drift
extinction
mutation
selection
drift
mutation
Match each specimen from phylum Cnidaria to its class.
anthozoa
Match each specimen from phylum Cnidaria to its class.
hydrozoa
Match each specimen from phylum Cnidaria to its class.
scyphozoa
Cnidarians are composed of tissues, but the tissues are not organized into discrete organs; therefore they exhibit a tissue level of organization. However, some Cnidarians have become colonial, with zooids specializing in various functions.
true of false
false
Choose the answer that properly identifies each body plan in order from A to C.
acoelomate, pseudocoelomate, coelomate
Sponges (Porifera) are said to have which level of organization?
tissue
This structure is specialized for ______________ and is called a _________________.
feeding; hydranth
What does cephalization mean?
the development of sense organs and nervous system control at the body’s leading head.
Leeches use an anticoagulant called _________________ to prevent their host’s blood from clotting.
hirudin
This is a Hydra whole mount. What is taking place on the left?
asexual production of a new polyp
Structure (A) is a muscular throat called a __________________ that this animal uses to grind up food.
mastax
Match the functions.
3 to hold as yet poorly digested food
4 to physically grind up food
6 to make sperm
7 to recive sperm
9 to pump blood
What is the external structure indicated by the arrow?
clitellum
What is the primary function of the typhlosole in an earthworm?
Increase surface area for absorption
___________ is the process allows the body of the gastropod to rotate 180 degrees so that the anus is near the anterior end of the organism.
torsion
What is(are) the difference(s) between a polychaete and an oligochaete?
An oligochaete lacks parapodia
Identify the two classes shown
bivalvia
cephalapoda
To what phylum does this organism belong?
Rotifera
name the parts \
3
4
6
7
9
3 crop
4 gizzard
6 seminal vesicles
7 seminal receptacel
9 hearts
A primary characteristic of the phylum of this organism is …
segmentation; metameres or repeated segments that appear like “little rings”
What is the purpose of including a control group in experiments?
It increases our ability to attribute the results of experimental treatments to the cause we are manipulating as opposed to other effects of our protocol.
name the parts
1
2
3
8
1mantle
2 gill
3 adductor
8foot
In triplobastic animals, the three cell layers of the gastrula are called the ______________ ____________ and ____________; list them from outer-most layer to inner-most (without the word “and”—just as three words).
ectoderm— mesoderm—-endoderm
name this part
heart
Which are characteristics of this organism’s class?
has a cuttlebone
may eject ink when threatened
All these organisms (excluding the humans) belong to the phylum __________________________.
Arthropoda
Earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) are hermaphroditic selfers. They never (or almost never) mate with another individual.
true or false
false
Select all that apply to squid “B”
female
has testes
has a vas deferens
male
has a nidamental gland
female
has nidamentale gland
What are the sharp structures that make up this whole mount of Leucoselenia?
spicules
Can you see the stick insect? Many insects have evolved colors and patterns that allow them to blend into their environment, this form of protection is called _____________.
crypsis
What is this structure from a Giant Squid?
beak and busccal bulb
In nematodes, ecdysis means or is interpreted as
molting
Match each organism with its correct class.
bivalvia
Match each organism with its correct class.
cephalopoda
Match each organism with its correct class.
gastropoda
Match each organism with its correct class.
polyplacophora
A polychaete is a pseudocoelomate.
true or false
false they are coelomates
Here is the ventral view of a member of class Malacostraca. Is this specimen male or female?
female
Name the process occurring in the images above.
ecdysis
This organism’s integument structure is made of modified __________ (modified compared to the condition in its close relatives)?
keratin
hair
The phylum of all of these organisms is ____________________ [one word].
Echinodermata
A nematode is a segmented worm.
true or false
false
Identify structure 2 (yes, all of those labeled 2, collectively)
book gills
The grasshopper abdomen here shows valved openings called ________________, which are part of the respiratory system.
spiracles
Match each organism to its class.
Branchiopoda
=Match each organism to its class.
Copepoda
Match each organism to its class.
Cirripedia
Match each organism to its class.
malacostraca
During deuterostome development, the blastopore goes on to form which of the following?
Anus
What is the structure indicated by the arrow? These animals often orient so that water flows from left to right; given their shape, water flow pushes them down against the substrate rather than lifting them up, when they have this orientation.
telson
These images represent a group of fungi that are endosymbiotic with plants. What is the phylum?
Glomeromycota
Why is it important that you have a control group in an experiment?
so that it becomes possible to compare treatment groups to an untreated group
to give a reliable baseline for comparison on how an organisms reacts under “normal” circumstances
The fungus pictured belongs to the one fungal phylum (Chytridiomycota) that has flagellated cells in its life cycle. The character state should be considered primitive since flagella are also found in more distantly related organisms such as animals. Thus, other fungi presumably belong to one or a few lineages that have lost the flagellum.
true
What would it mean if C. elegans has a similar neurophysiological response to caffeine and alcohol as humans do?
that the neurophysiology those drugs affect has been conserved since the common ancestor of protostomes and deuterostomes
What is a presumed homology that connects the mollusks to the annelids?
trochophore larvae
This bird likes to sally for insects in the air. What’s its common name?
black phoebe
This is a close-up view of a frog’s skin. It is infected with a certain type of organism. Two sporangia containing numerous zoospores are visible. What is the phylum of the organism?
Chitridiomycota