Lab Practical Exam

Question 1

Ventral

Answer 1

Toward the front or belly

Question 2

Spinal (vertebral)

Answer 2

Spinal cord

Question 3

Abdominal

Answer 3

Digestive organs, spleen, and kidneys

Question 4

Mid saggital plane

Answer 4

The sagittal plane that divides the body or an organ into equal right and left halves

Question 5

Lymphatic system

Answer 5

Lymph Nodes, vessels, trunks, spleen,thymus, red bone marrow, appendix, and tonsils

Question 6

Respiratory system

Answer 6

Lungs, trachea, pharynx, larynx, bronchi, and alveoli

Question 7

Superior

Answer 7

Top half or above

Question 8

Lateral

Answer 8

Away from the median plane

Question 9

Inferior (caudal)

Answer 9

Bottom half or below

Question 10

Deep

Answer 10

Further from body surface

Question 11

Pericardium

Answer 11

Two layered membrane where the heart is enfolded

Question 12

Organ system

Answer 12

A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function in and organisms body

Question 13

Femoral

Answer 13

Lower limb (thigh)

Question 14

Left and right inguinal

Answer 14

Left: part of small intestine, bladder descending colon
Right: most of liver, gallbladder, part of transverse colon, and duodenum

Question 15

Epigastric

Answer 15

Above the stomach

Question 16

Simple columnar

Answer 16

Have spherical nuclei generally located near the base of cell

these cells line certain respiratory passages and much of the digestive tract

the plasma membranes of simple columnar epithelial cells often contain cilia or are folded into microvilli

Question 17

Hyaline cartilage

Answer 17

Contains mostly chondrocytes scattered in ground substance with few visible protein fibers

this gives hyaline cartilage a smooth glassy appearance and makes it an ideal tissue to cover the ends of bones where they form joints with another bone

the smooth texture of hyaline cartilage provides a nearly frictionless surface on which bones can articulate

hyaline cartilage is also is found connecting the ribs to the sternum in the nose and forming the framework for certain respiratory passages

Question 18

Smooth muscle

Answer 18

Flat with a single nucleus in the corner of the cell

Question 19

Dense regular connective tissue

Answer 19

Consists primarily of collagen fibers arranged in parallel bundles with little ground substance and few cells

It is exceptionally strong and makes up structures that require tensile strength in a single plane such as tendons and ligaments

Question 20

Simple squamous epithelium

Answer 20

Consists of a single layer of flat cells with a centrally located flattened nucleus

found in air sacs and lungs

Question 21

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 21

They are short and have a spherical central nucleus

found lining glands such as the thyroid glands certain respiratory passages and in the kidneys

Question 22

Skeletal muscle

Answer 22

They are long tubular and striated in appearance

Question 23

Loose areolar

Answer 23

The primary element in loose connective tissue is ground substance which gives it a loose appearance

Question 24

Adipose

Answer 24

It consists mostly of huge cells called adipocytes with collagen fibers in the ECM

Question 25

Blood

Answer 25

Consists of a liquid ECM called plasma within which we find cells called erythrocytes and leukocytes and cellular fragments called platelets

Question 26

Cardiac Muscle

Answer 26

Located in the heart short and wide striated and tend to be branching

usually only have one nucleus but some may have two or more

Question 27

Nervous

Answer 27

The primary component of the brain the spinal cord and the peripheral nerves

Question 28

Osteocytes

Answer 28

Bone tissue also called osseous tissue consists of bone cells called osteocytes encased in an ECM that contains collagen fibers and calcium hydroxyapatite crystals

Question 29

Goblet cells

Answer 29

A column-shaped cell found in the respiratory and intestinal tracts, which secretes the main component of mucus.

Question 30

Red blood cell (erythrocytes)

Answer 30

Blood consists of a liquid ECM called plasma within which we find cells called erythrocytes

Question 31

Neuron

Answer 31

They are responsible for sending and receiving messages within the nervous system

Question 32

Nucleus

Answer 32

A nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s chromosomes.

Question 33

Dendrites (neuronal Processes)

Answer 33

The dendrites receive messages from other neurons

Question 34

Axons

Answer 34

Sends messages to other neurons muscle cells or gland cells

Question 35

Soma

Answer 35

Is the core of a neuron. It contains the nucleus and other organelles that are essential for cell survival. The soma’s function is to maintain the cell and keep the neuron functioning efficiently.

Question 36

Intercalated discs

Answer 36

Contain desmosomes and gap junctions and link all cardiac myocytes physically and electrically so that the heart may contract as a unit

Question 37

Plasma

Answer 37

Liquid portion of blood

Question 38

Striations

Answer 38

Muscles in our bodies that have a striped appearance. This striped appearance is due to these muscles’ light and dark bands which appear in an alternate fashion.

Question 39

Lacunae

Answer 39

The space housing the osteocytes in bones and chondrocytes in cartilage.

Question 40

Extracellular matrix

Answer 40

The material around the tissues cell that is largely produced by the cells themselves

Question 41

Cilia and microvilli

Answer 41

Microvilli, such as the small intestine, are found in the digestive tract and improve absorption. Cilia are longer and wider than microvilli. They are made of nine pairs of microtubules that form a circle with another pair in the center. This structure is called the axoneme.