Lab Practical (Desperate)

Question 1

saprophytic

Answer 1

obtain nutrients from dead organisms

Question 2

what fungi can break down lignin and cellulos

Answer 2

club fungi (basidiomycota)

Question 3

asexual repro of zygomycota

Answer 3

haploid spores called conidia are made through mitosis, conidia made on conidiophores

Question 4

drawn fungi repro cycle

Answer 4

sexual: mycelium (n), plasmogamy, heterokaryotic stage, basidiocarp -> basidia and ascocarp -> asci, karyogamy, zygote, zygospore within zygosporangium 2n, meiosis, spores (basidiospores, ascospores, zygomycete spores), germination

asexual: mycelium, spore producing structures, conidiaphores, mitosis, spores, conidia n , germination

Question 5

zygomycota repro cycle

Answer 5

meiosis, zygomycete spores, n, mycelium, fusion of hyphae n +n, fertilization, zygospore, diploid zygote, where zygospore is contained, zygosporangium, zygosporangium germinates into a sporangium on a short stalk

Question 6

zygomycota common name

Answer 6

mold

Question 7

basidiomycota common name

Answer 7

club fungi

Question 8

basidiomycota repro

Answer 8

sexually: basidium inside basidiocarps, basidiospores via meisosis, basidiospores give rise to mycelium

Question 9

ascomycota common name

Answer 9

sac/ cup fungi

Question 10

ascomycota repro

Answer 10

ascocarp which contain sacs called asci, a structure in which ascospores are formed

Question 11

growth formations of lichens

Answer 11

crustose (encrusting), foliose (leaf like), fructicose (shrub like)

Question 12

embryonic development

Answer 12

zygote goes through cellular division, cleavage of zygote exponentially increasing numbers, solid morula forms, hollows to make blastula

Question 13

what is gastrulation

Answer 13

cells migrate to make 3 tissue layers, mesoderm, ectoderm, endoderm

Question 14

neurulation

Answer 14

development of the nervous system (neural tube that becomes brain and spinal cord)

Question 15

embryonic development in sea stars

Answer 15

unfertilized egg n, zygote fertilized egg 2n (fertilization membrane), 2 cell stage, (fertilization membrane), 4 cell stage, 8 cell stage, 4 rounds of mitosis, 16 cell stage morula, cleavage (one mitotic division): early blastula and late blastula, early gastrula (gastrulation), archenteron: late gastrula (mesoderm, ectoderm, endoderm), organogenesis - formation of organs and organ systems to give rise to larval sea star (bipinnaria) then undergo metamorphosis to become adult sea star

Question 16

embryonic development in frogs

Answer 16

same as sea stars but go through neurulation between gastrulation and organogenesis stages

Question 17

what happens during neurulation

Answer 17

brain and spinal cord develop, ectoderm flattens, forms neural plate, folds thicken and roll around the groove, which makes depression separate as the neural tube

Question 18

porifera

Answer 18

no distinct body plan, lack tissues, tissue layers, organs, organ systems, sessile filter feeders

Question 19

anatomy of porifera

Answer 19

water enters: ostium
water exits: osculum
flagellated cells called collar cells (Choanocytes) create current
spicules - structural support that deter predators

Question 20

stinging cells of cnidarians

Answer 20

cnidocytes

Question 21

ectoderm gives rise to

Answer 21

skin and nervous system

Question 22

mesoderm gives rise to

Answer 22

muscles, connective tissue, skeleton, kidneys

Question 23

endoderm gives rise to

Answer 23

lining of the gut