Lab Practical Flashcards
Convert 1km to 1mm. What are their powers? Convert 1mm to 1nm
km = 10^3 m = 10 mm= 10-^3 um = 10-^6 nm = 10-^9
1km = 1,000,000mm 1mm= 100nm
What is the relationship of water volume to water mass?
1 mL = 1 gram
What does Benedict’s reagent detect? How? Colors?
Glucose, sugars. Must be heated up. Blue -> Green, yellow, brick, black
What does Iodine detect? How?
Starch, iodine slips into the amylose coil of starch and produces color change (amber -> blue, black)
What does Biuret detect? How? Colors?
Detects peptide bonds, a copper ion forms violet-colored coordination complexes
What’s the difference between osmosis and diffusion?
- diffusion = the net movement of molecules across a membrane
- osmosis = the net movement of H2O molecules across a membrane
Know the symbols for metric units
G, M, K, 10^0, m, u, n
gram, meter, kilo, mili, micro, nano
How do you read a meniscus?
from the bottom line
check increment marks (x1, x2, x5, etc)
What is the total magnification of the low, medium, and high power lens objectives?
40x, 100x, 400x
Know key parts of the microscope
eyepiece, coarse adjustment, fine adjustment, stage, lamp, stage adjustment, light intensity
What do Eukaryotes have that Prokaryotes do not? What is their difference in size?
Mitochondria, nucleus, nucleolus, cell membrane.
Proks are 1-10 um, Euks are 10-100 um
What’s the difference between qualitative and quantitative test results?
Qualitative = quality, characteristics, etc.
Quantitative = numbers; how much data
What’s the difference between osmosis and diffusion?
- diffusion = the net movement of molecules across a membrane
- osmosis = the net movement of H2O molecules across a membrane
What’s the difference between a hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solution?
- hypotonic solutions have more water (or solvent) to solute (like salt) in contrast to another solution—when compared to another solution
- hypertonic solutions have more solute (salt) than water (solvent)—when compared to another solution
- isotonic solutions are equal—when compared to another solution
What are the solutions used in potato juice?
catechol & catechol oxidase
Define epidermis
the outer layer of cells around an organism
Define stoma
the opening in the epidermis, stomata is plural
Define guard cells
the cells that open and close letting CO2 in and H2O & O2 out
Define xylem
transports water and dissolved nutrients upward from the root
Define phloem
transports sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves
Define mesophyll
inner tissue (parenchyma) of a leaf, containing many chloroplasts
palisade & spongy
Define palisade mesophyll
allow the passage of gases, such as the carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis
Define spongy mesophyll
the site of gaseous exchange for photosynthesis and respiration
Define cuticle
a protecting film covering the epidermis of leaves
Define meristem
a region of plant tissue, found chiefly at the growing tips of roots and shoots and in the cambium, consisting of actively dividing cells forming new tissue
What is the destiny for the three nuclei in the male gametophyte?
(pollen)
1st: digs down and makes tube
2nd: travels down and fertilizes ovule
3rd: makes food
Why is reproduction a unique trait of LIFE?
it’s not needed for the individual to survive but for the species to survive
Name the male and female sex organs
stamen (anther and filament): part of a stamen that contains the pollen
Pistil (stigma, style, ovary): holds the ovules to be pollenated
What is the male gametophyte?
pollen grain
What is the female gametophyte?
ovum
What is a seed comprised of?
embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering called the seed coat, usually with some stored food
Describe the process of sexual reproduction in angiosperms
angiosperms are flowering plants
rely on birds, butterflies, and bees to pollinate
Where do seeds and fruits arise from?
fertilized ovaries
