Lab Practical

Question 1

Convert 1km to 1mm. What are their powers? Convert 1mm to 1nm

Answer 1

km = 10^3
m   = 10
mm= 10-^3
um = 10-^6
nm = 10-^9

1km = 1,000,000mm
1mm= 100nm

Question 2

What is the relationship of water volume to water mass?

Answer 2

1 mL = 1 gram

Question 3

What does Benedict’s reagent detect? How? Colors?

Answer 3

Glucose, sugars. Must be heated up. Blue -> Green, yellow, brick, black

Question 4

What does Iodine detect? How?

Answer 4

Starch, iodine slips into the amylose coil of starch and produces color change (amber -> blue, black)

Question 5

What does Biuret detect? How? Colors?

Answer 5

Detects peptide bonds, a copper ion forms violet-colored coordination complexes

Question 6

What’s the difference between osmosis and diffusion?

Answer 6

• diffusion = the net movement of molecules across a membrane
• osmosis = the net movement of H2O molecules across a membrane

Question 7

Know the symbols for metric units

G, M, K, 10^0, m, u, n

Answer 7

gram, meter, kilo, mili, micro, nano

Question 8

How do you read a meniscus?

Answer 8

from the bottom line

check increment marks (x1, x2, x5, etc)

Question 9

What is the total magnification of the low, medium, and high power lens objectives?

Answer 9

40x, 100x, 400x

Question 10

Know key parts of the microscope

Answer 10

eyepiece, coarse adjustment, fine adjustment, stage, lamp, stage adjustment, light intensity

Question 11

What do Eukaryotes have that Prokaryotes do not? What is their difference in size?

Answer 11

Mitochondria, nucleus, nucleolus, cell membrane.

Proks are 1-10 um, Euks are 10-100 um

Question 12

What’s the difference between qualitative and quantitative test results?

Answer 12

Qualitative = quality, characteristics, etc.

Quantitative = numbers; how much data

Question 13

What’s the difference between osmosis and diffusion?

Answer 13

• diffusion = the net movement of molecules across a membrane
• osmosis = the net movement of H2O molecules across a membrane

Question 14

What’s the difference between a hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solution?

Answer 14

• hypotonic solutions have more water (or solvent) to solute (like salt) in contrast to another solution—when compared to another solution
• hypertonic solutions have more solute (salt) than water (solvent)—when compared to another solution
• isotonic solutions are equal—when compared to another solution

Question 15

What are the solutions used in potato juice?

Answer 15

catechol & catechol oxidase

Question 16

Define epidermis

Answer 16

the outer layer of cells around an organism

Question 17

Define stoma

Answer 17

the opening in the epidermis, stomata is plural

Question 18

Define guard cells

Answer 18

the cells that open and close letting CO2 in and H2O & O2 out

Question 19

Define xylem

Answer 19

transports water and dissolved nutrients upward from the root

Question 20

Define phloem

Answer 20

transports sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves

Question 21

Define mesophyll

Answer 21

inner tissue (parenchyma) of a leaf, containing many chloroplasts

palisade & spongy

Question 22

Define palisade mesophyll

Answer 22

allow the passage of gases, such as the carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis

Question 23

Define spongy mesophyll

Answer 23

the site of gaseous exchange for photosynthesis and respiration

Question 24

Define cuticle

Answer 24

a protecting film covering the epidermis of leaves

Question 25

Define meristem

Answer 25

a region of plant tissue, found chiefly at the growing tips of roots and shoots and in the cambium, consisting of actively dividing cells forming new tissue

Question 26

What is the destiny for the three nuclei in the male gametophyte?

Answer 26

(pollen)

1st: digs down and makes tube
2nd: travels down and fertilizes ovule
3rd: makes food

Question 27

Why is reproduction a unique trait of LIFE?

Answer 27

it’s not needed for the individual to survive but for the species to survive

Question 28

Name the male and female sex organs

Answer 28

stamen (anther and filament): part of a stamen that contains the pollen

Pistil (stigma, style, ovary): holds the ovules to be pollenated

Question 29

What is the male gametophyte?

Answer 29

pollen grain

Question 30

What is the female gametophyte?

Answer 30

ovum

Question 31

What is a seed comprised of?

Answer 31

embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering called the seed coat, usually with some stored food

Question 32

Describe the process of sexual reproduction in angiosperms

Answer 32

angiosperms are flowering plants

rely on birds, butterflies, and bees to pollinate

Question 33

Where do seeds and fruits arise from?

Answer 33

fertilized ovaries