Lab Practical 2 Flashcards
Simple stain is for seeing
Morphology
Gram stain is
To differentiate gram negative and gram positive bacteria
Gram positive bacteria is
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
Listeria
Corynebacterium
Bacillus
Clostridium
Gram Negative Bacteria is
Escherichia
Hemophilus
Neisseria
Salmonella
What is the cell wall structure of Gram-Positive bacteria
2 Layers
Thick Peptidoglycan
Plasma Membrane
What is the cell wall structure of gram-negative bacteria
3 Layers
Outer Membrane
Thin peptidoglycan
Plasma Membrane
Bacillus Anthracis is
Gram Positive
Rod Morphology
Arrangement: Streptobacillus
Causes anthrax
Bacillus Cereus is
Gram Positive
Rod Morphology
Arrangement: Streptobacillus
Causes Food poisoning (associated with undercooked rice)
Has Endospores
Bordetella Pertussis is
Gram negative
Morphology: Rods, coccobacillus
Arrangement: Single or in pairs
Causes Pertussis or whooping cough
Borrelia Burgdoferi is
Gram negative
Morphology: Spirochete
Arrangement: Grouping
Causes Lyme Disease
Clostridium Botulinum is
Gram positive
Morphology: Rods
Arrangement: Grouping
Causes Botulism (paralysis), has endospores
Clostridium difficile is
Gram positive
Morphology: Rods
Arrangement: Grouping
Normal flora that is nosocomial (hospital borne)
Clostridium perfirgens is
Gram Positive
Morphology: rods
Arrangement: grouping
Causes gas gangrene, food poisoning
Clostridum tetani is
Gram Positive
Morphology: Rods
Arrangement: Grouping
Causes tetanus
Corynebacterium diphtheriae is
Gram Positive
Morphology: Rods
Arrangement: V shape
Causes Diphtheria (an acute, highly contagious bacterial disease causing inflammation of the mucous membranes, formation of a false membrane in the throat that hinders breathing and swallowing, and potentially fatal heart and nerve damage by a bacterial toxin in the blood. It is now rare in developed countries because of immunization.)
Escherichia Coli is
Gram negative
Rod Morphology
Arrangement: Grouping
Causes Food poisoning (is food handled comes from poor hygiene after using bathroom)
O157:H7 is the deadly strain.
Hemophilus influenzae is
Gram Negative
Rod morphology
Causes Pinkeye, upper respiratory infections
Klebsiella pneumoniae is
Gram Negative
Rod Morphology
Causes pneumonia
Lactobacillus acidophilus is
Gram Positive
Rod morphology
Normal vaginal flora, maintains acidic vaginal pH
Mycobacterium leprae is
Acid-Fast (red)
Morphology - Rods
Disease: Leprosy (Hansen’s disease)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is
Acid-Fast (red)
Morphology- Rods
Disease - Tuberculosis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is
Gram negative
Morphology - Coccus
Arrangement - Diplococci
Causes gonorrhea
Neisseria meningitidis is
Gram Negative
Morphology - Cocci
Arrangement - Diplococci
Causes meningitis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is
Gram negative
Morphology - Rods
Nosocomial opportunistic
Salmonella typhi is
Gram Negative
Morphology - Rods
Causes Typhoid fever, spread through contaminated food or water
Staphylococcus aureus is
Gram positive
Morphology - Coccus
Arrangement - Staphylococcus
Nosocomial opportunistic, lives in the nose
Streptococcus pyogenes is
Gram positive
Morphology - coccus
Grouping - Streptococcus
Causes strep throat
Opportunistic, nosocomial
Streptococcus pneumoniae is
Gram Positive
Morphology - Coccus
Arrangement - Diplococci
Causes pneumonia, meningitis
Treponema pallidum is
Gram negative
Morphology - Spirochete
Causes Syphilis
can be transferred via head of sperm (observable by examining a sperm infected by Treponema pallidum)
Organic compounds comprised of carbon and hydrogen atoms are called
hydrocarbons
The use of microbes to cleanup pollutants is called
Bioremediation
What does ELISA stand for?
Enzyme linked immunosorbent Assay
What type of ELISA test did we do in class?
Indirect ELISA
What disease did our simulated ELISA test, test for?
HIV
What tool did we use in ELISA lab to collect the specimens?
microtiter plate
What does the ELISA test look for?
The presence/absence of antibodies against a particular pathogen
What transfers the antibodies to the microtiter plate?
Pipets
What letter of the alphabet is an antibody shaped like?
Y
An antigen binds to what part of the antibody?
The ends of the antibody
What organisms were used for bioremediation lab?
Pseudomonas and Penicillium
What is the primary stain and the counterstain for endospores?
Malachite Green - Primary
Safarin - Counterstain
What is the primary stain and the counterstain for acid-fast?
Carbol Fuschin - Primary (red)
Methylene blue - Counterstain (blue)
What were the two organisms used in the acid-fast staining? which one retained the acid-fast stain?
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Mycobacterium non-chromogenium (retained the stain)
What were the two organisms used in the endospore staining? Which one retained the endospore stain?
Bacillus cereus (retained the endospore stain)
Escherichia coli
What shape is spiral without movement?
t
Spirillum
What shape is spiral with movement?
Spirochete
