Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANS 220 > Lab Practical 1 > Flashcards

Lab Practical 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main structural difference observed in the cow and mare ovaries

A

The main structural difference between theses ovaries is the relative location of the cortex vs. the medulla. In cow cortex is on outside and in mare cortex in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How are boars housed at the swine education unit and why are they managed this way

A

Boars are housed individually or in group pens depending on their age and whether they display aggressive behavior towards the other boars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A piece of gauze was placed on top of the collection cup prior to semen collection. What is the purpose of the gauze

A

Its function is to collect the gel fraction of the ejaculate. To collect a viable ejaculate, the gauze prevents the gel fraction from entering the semen collection cup.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

At what age will the NCSU swine educational unit start to use a boar’s semen for breeding

A

when the boar is eight months of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which types of gloves are used in semen collection in boars and why?

A

vinyl because they reduce the chance of killing sperm cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What prevents boars from being collected using an artificial vagine

A

To ejaculate, boars require pressure in addition to the proper temperature. The amount of pressure on the boars glans penis can not be achieved with an artificial vagina, thus we collect via a gloved hand.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Brand name of the hormone used to induce puberty in pre-pubertal gilts

A

PG-600 or Matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Brand name of hormone used to super ovulate embryo transfer donors in cattle

A

FSH-P, Super-OV, FollitropinV, Gestyl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What brandname hormone controls out of season or early season breeding in mares

A

regulate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What hormones induce luteolysis regression in cattle

A

Lutylase, Prostamate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What brand name hormone increases intensity of uterine contractions during labor

A

Oxytocin, Pinocin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What brand name hormone treats ovarian cystic follicles in cattle

A

follutein and pregnyl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What brand name hormone blocks ovarian function in cattle

A

CIDR, MGA and Progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What brand name hormone increases milk yield

A

Posiliac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using the Elisa kit to test pregnancy

A

Advantage: Determine cyclic animals, Identify short cycles, Better management of
animals estrous cycle

Disadvantage: Cost,Time, inconsistent testing, May claim an animal is pregnant
when she is not (false positives)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the two exogenous hormones used in the NC Synch Protocol

A

-GNRH-Factrel
-Prostaglandin F2a - Lutalyse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the length of the goat estrous cycle and when do these animals generally display estrus

A
  • Estrous Cycle Length – 21 days
  • Seasonal Breeders – display estrus in Fall
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are sign/symptoms that a doe is in estrus

A
  • Interest in buck
  • Raised tail
  • Vocalizations
  • Red/swollen vulva
  • Sometimes mucus from the vagina is present
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the site of semon deposition by AI and natural service in the doe

A
  • AI – Uterine Body
  • Natural Service - Vagina
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are some advantages of using artificial insemination

A

o Introduce new genetics
o Introduce new breeds
o Small herd and don’t want to mess with a buck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are some disadvantages of using artificial insemination in small ruminants

A

-requires more labor
-more invasive
-requires more equipment`

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the flushing effect

A

Increase the amount of feed prior to breeding, mostly increasing energy, about 1 month before introducing bucks. Hope to increase body weight, ovulation rate, and therefore litter size.

Must continue through breeding season and for 30-40 more days

Doesn’t work in does that are too fat (BCS 4-5) or too thin (BCS 2 or less)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the buck effect and how does it work

A
  • Utiziling the buck effect to induce estrus
    o Strategic exposure of does to intact males will result in the doe displaying estrus approximately 7 to 10 days after the introduction of the buck
    o Bucks need to be isolated from does for this procedure to be effective
    o Buck must be out of the doe’s line of sight and sense of smell for an extended period of time, perhaps as long as several months
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are some of the safety tool we use when handling stallions at the EEU

A

leather halter, chain, whip, helmet and vest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What type of artificial vagina is used at the equine education unit and why is the type preferred

A

Used to use the Colorado as it maintains temperature and pressure better; have now switched to the Missouri as it is lighter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What 2 physiological principles must the AV stimulate to achieve ejaculation in the stallion

A

Temperature and Pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What kills sperm

A

everything

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what can we add to semen to make it last longer and stay viable during shipment? what do you think might be included in this liquid

A

extender….sugar, antibiotics, ect..

29
Q

name 2 things we look for in semen evaluation

A

Color and Volume of the ejaculate
Sperm Concentration, Sperm Motility, Sperm Viability, Sperm Morphology

30
Q

Write down the three variable from ejaculate collection needed to calculate total ,optical sperm

A

Volume:
Concentration:
Motility:

31
Q

(Horses) How long is the estrous cycle? How long do they display estrus? When does pregnancy recognition take place during the estrous cycle?

A

21 days, 5-7 days, by day 14 or the CL will be lysed

32
Q

Describe the estrous scale used at the equine educational unit. Be sure to include what number represents

A

0 = Violent Behavior
1 = Indifferent Behavior
2 = Slightly Interested
3 = Interested, Winking, may urinate
4 = Greatly interested, Urinating, Squatting, and will lean into stallion

33
Q

Free teasing

A

Free teasing – Stallion comes up to fence, mares are loose
Second type of free teasing – Stallion in a small pen, mares are loose in pasture around him

34
Q

In-Hand Teasing

A

Stallion comes up to fence, mares are walked up individually

35
Q

Stall Teasing

A

stallion walked up down barn aisle, mares are in stalls

36
Q

How often should you tease mares to determine when they are ready to breed

A

everyday or every other day

37
Q

What are some other ways to determine if a mare is ready to be bred

A

palpation and ultrasound

38
Q

What is the purpose of conducting a breeding soundness exam and how often should it be done? (2 pts)

A

The purpose is to identify bulls that are capable of breeding and to identify individuals that may be injured and unable to breed females.

A BSE should be conducted 30 to 60 days before very breeding season.
39
Q

What is the main purpose of collecting heifer pelvic measuremtn

A

Screening tool to identify heifers likely to have calving difficulties

40
Q

What is the minimum scrotal circumstance size a yearling bull must have to pass its breeding soundness exam at the Beef Educational Unit?

A

32 cm

41
Q

Name at least one factor the breeding soundness exam in bulls doesn’t test for

A

Libido

42
Q

What is the name of the tool used to take pelvic measurements

A

pelvimeter

43
Q

What is a good male-to-female ratio for the average bull?

A

For young bulls a ratio of 1 bull to 12 females
For mature bulls a ratio of 1 bull to 36 females

Number of females should equal the number of months old the bull is

Assuming they are in good health and pass the BSE

44
Q

How do you calculate the measurment for the total heifer pelvic area

A

Multiply the measurement for the height by the width measurement, this gives the square area.

45
Q

When is the best time to take heifer pelvic measurements? what is the minimum pelvic measurement that is recommended

A

It is recommended to do this 4-6 weeks before breeding season

No less than 140 cm2; ideally 150 cm2 or greater

46
Q

Should heifer pelvic measurements be used a screening or a selection tool.

A

A screening tool

If you use it as a selection tool you will simply be picking your larger framed animals. Ideally, you should identify the animals with abnormally small pelvic measurements and cull them.

47
Q

Factrel

A

GNRH, Peptide, used in treatment of cystic ovaries and stimulares LH and FSH
Used in cattle

48
Q

Oxytocin

A

Peptide, stimulates milk letdown and stimulates uterine contractions. Used in cattle,horses,swine,sheep and dogs

49
Q

Prostamate

A

prostaglandin f2alpha and regress CL to control the onset of estrus and induces parturition.
The species are cattle, horses and swine

50
Q

PLH

A

gonadotropins, is a protein and ir induces ovulation in all species

51
Q

Follutein (HCG)

A

it is a protein that treats cystic ovaries and induces ovulation in cattle

52
Q

FSH-P,Folltropin-V and superov

A

it is a protein and is superovulation of embryo donors
species-cattle, horse, swine, sheep and dogd

53
Q

Gestyl

A

protein, superovulation, stimulation of estrus during anestrus

54
Q

Posiliac

A

Somadotropin, Protein and increases milk production in cattle

55
Q

P.G. 600

A

Gonadtropin PMSG+hCG and is a protein. Induction of estrus in anestrus gilts and sows

56
Q

Regumate

A

Progesrerone and synchronizes estrus in mares or cyclic pigs as well as suppresses foal heat.

57
Q

Progesterenes (melengestrol)

A

steroid that synchronizes of supresses heat in cattle

58
Q

Megestrol Acetate

A

Progesterone that is a prevention of estrus in dogs and cats

59
Q

Depo Prevera

A

a progesterone steroid that is a prevention of estrus in dogs and cats

60
Q

Flugesterone and Acetate Sponges

A

Progesterone and is used to synchronize estrus in sheep and goats

61
Q

CIDR

A

progesterone and is used to synchronize estrus in cattle and sheep

62
Q

Matrix

A

its a progesterone that is used to synchronize estrus

63
Q

Estradiol Cypionate

A

induces false heats and mismating in dogs and cats

64
Q

Testotorone proprionate

A

Androgens and is the induction od sexual activity in estrus detector cows

65
Q

Dexamethasone

A

Synthetic glucocorticoids and indices parturition in all species

66
Q

Synovex-S and Syvonex-C

A

Anabolic steroids that are a combo of estrogen, testorone and progesterone and are used in cattle for the growth of lean tissue and to improve feed efficency

67
Q

Parlodel, prolactin, inhibitor

A

not a hormone and induces abortion and psuedopregnacy in dogs

68
Q
A

ANS 220 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions