Lab - Hip Anatomy & Special Tests

Question 1

2 bones of the hip joint?

Answer 1

Acetabulum
Femoral head

Question 2

The hip joint is what kind of joint?

Answer 2

Mulitaxial ball and socket

Question 3

Ligaments of the Hip joint and function?

Answer 3

Lig. of teres (nutrients and proprioception)

Transverse (Acetabular) lig. -> Completes the circle of the acetabulum

Iliofemoral lig. (Y lig. of bigelow) –>anterior reinforcement, prevents overextension

Ischiofemoral (posterior reinforcement)

Pubofemoral (inferior and anterior reiforcement, prevents overabduction

Question 4

What is the Actebabular labrum?

Answer 4

rim of fibrocartilage, increase the depth of the acetabulum

Question 5

Hip synovial membrane?

Answer 5

Lines the fibrous capsule

Question 6

Anterior Hip mscs?

Answer 6

Iliacus
Psoas
TFL

Question 7

Iliacus and Psoas combined = what?

Answer 7

The Iliopsoas which acts as hip flexor and inserts at the lesser trochanter

Question 8

Posterior and superficial Hip mscs (Glutes) + actions?

Answer 8

Glute max = primary hip extensor

Glute med = hip abduction and stabilization of pelvis during single-leg stance of gait

Glute min = same actions as glute med

Question 9

6 Deep posterior hip mscs, action and insertion?

Answer 9

All do Hip ER
Piriformis
Superior Gemelli
Inferior Gemelli
Oburator Internus
Oburator Externus
Quadratus Femoris

All insert on greater trochanter

Question 10

Hip Bursae?

Answer 10

Iliopsoas (lesser trochanter)

Ischial (sitting bones)

(deep) Trochanteric - under the TFL

Question 11

Thomas Test - purpose and protocol?

Answer 11

Patient lies on back with one knee up to chest
and other hangs off edge of bed

• Can knee rest at 90 degrees? “ quads tightness
• Can thigh rest on table? “ iliopsoas tightness
• Is leg slightly abducted? “ TFL/lat.thigh tightness

Question 12

Faber Test - purpose and protocol?

Answer 12

test for hip/ SI joint pathology
- flex, abd, Ext, rotation

Question 13

Renne’s Test - purpose and protocol?

Answer 13

TFL/ IT band tightness
- Single leg stand, dip to 30-40°
- Positive test = pain at lateral femoral condyle

Question 14

Noble’s Compression Test - purpose and protocol?

Answer 14

TFL/ IT band tightness
- supine lying/ sit on edge of table
- Knee and hip flexed, then extend knee while applying pressure to lateral femoral epicondyle
- Positive test = pain at 30° flex

Question 15

Ober’s Test - purpose and protocol?

Answer 15

TFL/ IT band tightness
- side lying
- passively abduct top leg and then allow to adduct with pelvis support
- Positive test = not able to adduct leg

Question 16

Trendelenburg Test - purpose and protocol?

Answer 16

Glute med weakness
- standing - have patient lift one leg off ground and watch pelvis to see if it drops or stays level
- Positive test = pelvis drops = glute med weakness on standing leg side

Question 17

Piriformis Test - purpose and protocol?

Answer 17

Piriformis tightness
- Side lying, with top knee flexed
- stabilize pelvis and gently apply pressure on affected leg into adduction and IR over edge of the table
- Positive test = deceased ROM and pain in but

Question 18

Ely’s Test - purpose and protocol?

Answer 18

For Rectus Femoris tightness
- lie prone
- knee bent at to 90°
- slowly bend knee further
Postive test =AIIS/ ASIS lifts of bed (hip flexes)

Question 19

Length Length Discrepancy Test (LLD) - purpose and protocol?

Answer 19

LLD
Anatomical (true)
- Measure medial malleolus to ASIS

Functional (Apparent)
- measure medial malleolus to belly button