Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MT6320 > [LAB] Glossary of Terms > Flashcards

[LAB] Glossary of Terms Flashcards

from lab manual :D

1
Q

type of air composed of approximately 78% nitrogen, 2% oxygen, and 1% other substances such as carbon, helium, and other gases

A

ambient air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

a substance naturally produced by a microorganism that is able to kill or inhibit other microbes

A

antibiotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

a filter paper disk impregnated with an antibiotic solution and allowed to dry

A

antibiotic disk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a laboratory procedure performed by medical technologists to identify which antimicrobials are specifically effective for treating infections

A

antimicrobial susceptibility test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a chemical substance able to destroy or inhibit pathogens that can be safely applied on skin and mucous membranes

A

antiseptic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

procedures performed to prevent contamination of cultures, culture media, and other sterile materials used in the laboratory

A

aseptic technique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ATCC is also known as?

A

American Type Culture Collection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

nonprofit organization based in the United States that collects, stores, and
distributes reference microorganisms and other related materials for
research and development.

A

ATCC or American Type Culture Collection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

an effective method of sterilizing the apparatus and materials such
as culture media used in the laboratory. It uses steam and pressure
to destroy microorganisms including spores.

A

autoclaving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

in bacteriology, autoclaving is set at ______ degrees Celsius at _____ psi for ___-____ minutes?

A

121 degrees Celsius at 15 psi for 15-20 minutes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

autoclaving uses _____ and ____ to destroy microorganisms including spores.

A

steam and pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

an agent or substance capable of effectively killing bacteria

A

bactericidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

an agent or substance capable of suppressing the growth of bacteria

A

bacteriostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

a culture medium containing the basic nutrients for growth of bacteria

A

basal medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

give 2 examples for basal medium.

A

nutrient agar
trypticase soy agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

a culture medium used to demonstrate biochemical reactions such as
sugar fermentation of bacteria. Common biochemical media include
triple sugar iron agar and lysine iron agar.

A

biochemical medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

give 2 common biochemical medium

A

triple sugar iron (TSI)
lysine iron agar (LIA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

a structured group of microorganisms adhering to environmental
surfaces and encased within a extracellular polysaccharide matrix

A

biofilm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

also known as biological hazard, this is any biological substance that
pose a threat to the health of humans and other living organisms.

A

biohazard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

is a designated ventilated laboratory workspace that allows laboratory workers to safely handle infectious material or materials contaminated with pathogens. The biological safety cabinet also minimizes contamination of specimens

A

biological safety cabinet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

an optical microscope composed of multiple lenses that uses visible
light to produce a dark image against a bright background

A

bright field light microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

a culture medium that contains no solidifying agent and exists in a
form of a liquid

A

broth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

also known as deep, is a type of tubed culture medium used to allow growth of anaerobic bacteria. It is inoculated by stabbing the medium using a needle.

A

butt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

butt is also known as _____ ?

A

deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

a tubed medium similar to a slant but has a deep zone

A

butt slant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

This medium allows the bacteria to grow in an aerobic environment on the slant surface and in an anaerobic environment
on the butt.

A

butt slant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

It is used to provide a capnophilic environment for certain fastidious
organisms such as Neisseria and Streptococcus

A

candle jar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

an apparatus composed of a glass jar with lid and a white candle.

A

candle jar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

bacteria that require increased amounts of CO, (5-10%) for growth

A

capnophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

It is anti-phagocytic and considered a virulence factor for certain types of bacteria.

A

capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

a highly organized structure usually composed of polysaccharides that surrounds the cell wall of certain bacteria such as Klebsiella and pneumococci.

A

capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

a protective layer composed of disaccharides and peptides surrounding the cell membrane of most bacteria

A

cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

CLSI stands for???

A

Clinical Laboratory Science Institute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

T/F: CLSI is a governmental organization based in the US

A

F.

non governmental org based in the US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what is the the visible result in a positive slide coagulase test?

A

clumping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

it is also known as clot; the visible result in a positive tube coagulase test

A

coagulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

it is a non-governmental organization based in the United States that promotes
the development and use of laboratory standards and guidelines used in healthcare.

A

CLSI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

a culture technique Involving incubation at 4°C to allow growth of organism such as Yersenia enterocolitica and Listeria monocytogenes from fecal samples

A

cold enrichment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

are gram-negative bacilli that are present in the digestive tracts of animals and humans. The presence of these bacteria may suggest fecal contamination of water and food

A

coliform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

In cold enrichment culture technique, what organism/s do we allow to grow?

A

Yersenia enterocolitica
Listeria monocytogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

In cold enrichment culture technique, what is the incubation temperature?

A

4°C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

a visible crop of growth of bacteria growing on a culture medium

A

colony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what unit do we use in reporting the colony count?

A

CFU/mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

a measurement of the growth of bacteria in clinical specimens such as urine that has been cultured for 24-48 hours.

A

colony count

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

pertains to a type of growth on the agar surface wherein it is continuous, unifrom, and the colonies are not discerete or separated; there should be no individual colonies growing on the surface

A

confluent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

microbes that are foreign and have infiltrated pure cultures

A

contaminant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What organism is the common contaminant in laboratory cultures?

A

Bacillus subtilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

a type of culture wherein bacteria from a foreign /outside source have infiltrated the growth medium

A

contaminated culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

also known as a secondary stain; it is used for contrast in staining procedures such as Gram Stain and Acid Fast Stain

A

counterstain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

microbes growing in a medium

A

culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

any medium that provides the necessary requirements for the growth of the microorganism

A

culture medium

52
Q

also known as differentiation; process of removal of excess primary
stain in differential staining techniques such as Gram stain

A

decolorization

53
Q

the process of removing accumulated contaminants on inanimate
objects and on personnel

A

decontamination

54
Q

a type of culture medium that allows groups of microorganisms to be visually distinguished by the appearance of the colony or the surrounding media, usually based on biochemical reactions such as fermentation of sugars

A

differential medium

55
Q

smears prepared from clinical specimens to assess the predominant bacteria and other important cells and structures

A

direct smear

56
Q

any chemical substances or compounds employed to destroy or inactivate microorganisms on inanimate objects

A

disinfectant

57
Q

the process of destruction of microorganisms except for spores and
prions

A

disinfection

58
Q

process of pouring molten or liquid culture media into glassware such as Petri dishes or test tubes

A

dispensing

59
Q

a basal medium added with supplements such as blood or serum

A

enriched medium

60
Q

culture medium employed to enhance the growth of pathogens, such as
Shigella, Salmonella, and Vibrio

A

enrichment broth

61
Q

bacteria that are able to survive in the presence and absence of oxygen

A

facultative anaerobe

62
Q

bacteria that are difficult to cultivate in the laboratory due to their complex nutritional and/or environmental requirements

A

fastidious

63
Q

a bacterial species capable of breaking/metabolizing sugars in the absence of oxygen

A

fermenter

64
Q

process of aseptically picking an isolated colony, using a sterile loop or needle from a plated medium

A

fishing-out

65
Q

the process of preserving the morphology of bacterial cells by means of heat or alcohols such as methanol

A

fixation

66
Q

long, filamentous proteinaceous structures used by bacteria for
locomotion

A

flagella

67
Q

a process wherein there is a use of an open flame to sterilize inoculating loops and needles

A

flame sterilization

68
Q

refers to a step in staining wherein a prepared smear is covered entirely with a staining solution for a set amount of time

A

flooding

69
Q

an inanimate/nonliving object capable of allowing a microbe to survive. Examples include tables, pens, and test tubes.

A

fomite

70
Q

a sterilization process wherein materials are repeatedly exposed to moist heat (steam) at intervals.

A

fractional sterilization

71
Q

properties/characteristics that pertain to the DNA and RNA makeup of an organism

A

genotypic characteristics

72
Q

HEPA stands for?

A

High Efficiency Particulate Air

73
Q

it is a type of air filter that can theoretically remove at least 99.97% of dust, pollen, molds, bacteria, and airborne particles

A

HEPA

74
Q

size of HEPA Filter?

a. 0.1 um
b. 0.2 um
c. 0.3 um
d. 0.4 um

A

c. 0.3 um

75
Q

a clear oil that has specific optical and viscosity characteristics necessary for use in microscopy. It increases the resolving power of the microscope.

A

immersion oil

76
Q

What is the common immersion oil used in the laboratory?

A

cedarwood oil

77
Q

IMViC stands for?

A

Indole
Methyl red
Voges-Proskauer
Citrate Utilization

78
Q

a set of biochemical tests performed to readily identify certain gram negative enteric bacteria.

A

IMViC

79
Q

the process of providing all the necessary requirements for the growth of bacterial cultures

A

incubation

80
Q

a bacterial smear prepared from isolated colonies growing in culture media.

A

indirect smear

81
Q

the process of introducing the microorganism (inoculum) onto the culture medium

A

inoculation

82
Q

any microorganism, such as bacteria, to be introduced into a growith medium

A

inoculum

83
Q

a sterilization process for high-protein media such as Lowenstein-Jensen and Loeffler’s serum slant

A

inspissation

84
Q

the process of separating a single species of bacteria from a mixed culture or a clinical specimen

A

isolation

85
Q

also known as four-quadrant streak method. It is a streaking method performed to obtain isolated, discrete colonies from mixed cultures.

A

isolation streak method

86
Q

value of McFarland Standard ?

A

0.5

87
Q

a commercially available or laboratory prepared solution used to standardize the approximate amount of bacteria or fungi in a liquid suspension.

A

McFarland Standard

88
Q

T/F: Standardization of McFarland Standard is done by either visual or spectrophotometric comparison of the turbidity

A

T.

89
Q

T/F: The turbidity of McFarland Standard is approximately 1.4 x 10^8 CFU/mL

A

F.

1.5 x 10^8 CFU/mL

90
Q

bacteria that prefers growing at temperatures ranging from 20-40 or
20-45 degrees Celsius

A

mesophilic

91
Q

bacteria that require reduced amounts of oxygen for growth.

A

microaerophilic

92
Q

Microaerophilic bacteria require __-__% oxygen.

A

5-10%

93
Q

give 2 organisms that require a microaerophilic condition?

A

C. jejuni
H. pylori

94
Q

organisms too small to be seen by the naked eye

A

microbe

95
Q

lowest concentration of an antimicrobial agent that produces 99.9%
killing or a reduction of 99.9% of the visible colony-forming units.

A

minimum bactericidal concentration

96
Q

lowest amount of antimicrobial that can inhibit the visible growth of microorganism after an 18-24 hour incubation.

A

minimum inhibitory concentration

97
Q

MIC or minimum inhibitory concentration is usually expressed as ______ ?

A

ug/mL

98
Q

a type of culture containing more than one species of microorganism

A

mixed culture

99
Q

bacterial CHARACTERISTIC of an organism in a culture medium that is detectable using a light microscope or with the use of a semisolid medium

A

motility

100
Q

a method for estimating the number of
bacteria in a food or water sample. A statistical method used to identify coliform contamination of water samples.

A

MPN or Most Probable Number

101
Q

an organism requiring approximately 15-21% oxygen for growth in a culture medium

A

obligate aerobe

102
Q

bacteria that are able to metabolize/breakdown sugars in the
presence of oxygen

A

oxidizer

103
Q

a method of classifying microorganism based on cell structure, cellular metabolism, and differences in cellular components

A

phenotypic characteristics

104
Q

obligate aerobe organism require approximately __-__% of oxygen

A

15-21%

105
Q

covering the opening of a test tube or Erlenmeyer flask by means of
a cotton plug or gauze plug in preparation for autoclaving

A

plugging

106
Q

the first stain laid over a smear in a differential staining procedure

A

primary stain

107
Q

a type of culture where only one species of organism is present

A

pure culture

108
Q

the ability of a microorganism to remain unaffected by an antimicrobial agent such that the organism is not inhibited by the
agent

A

resistant

109
Q

is a type of culture medium that supports the growth of one group of organisms, but inhibits other groups of organisms. Inhibitors such as antimicrobials, dyes, or alcohol are added to achieve this.

A

selective medium

110
Q

the form of an agar medium contained in a test tube that is allowed
to solidify at an acute angle. It is inoculated by streaking the surface
of the slant using a loop or needle.

A

slant

111
Q

2 organisms that contain spores

A

Bacillus and Clostridium

112
Q

It is used as an indicator for the effectiveness
of sterilizing equipment.

A

spore strip

113
Q

a specialized tape that contains bacterial spores of B_______ s________
and G________ s________ that is adhered on materials or media for sterilization.

A

spore tape

Bacillus subtilis
Geobacillus stearothermophilus

114
Q

oval or spherical bodies within the protoplasm of some bacteria
particularly Bacillus and Clostridium

A

spore

115
Q

the process of introducing the microorganism into the center of a
tube medium by means of an inoculating needle

A

stabbing

116
Q

a process of adding one or more dyes over a bacterial smear to
provide a visible contrast of the bacterial cells and the background

A

staining

117
Q

pertains to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, a process of optimizing bacterial growth conditions so that inhibition of growth can be attributed to the antimicrobial agent against which the organism is being tested

A

standardization

118
Q

a method of destroying microorganisms, including spores, in or on an object through heat, steam, chemicals, gas, or radiation

A

sterilization

119
Q

the process of introducing the microorganism on the surface of a
solid medium by means of an inoculating loop or inoculating needle

A

streaking

(naulit?!?!?! basta nasa lab manual to)

120
Q

a clinical isolate is regarded as susceptible if it is inhibited by
antimicrobial concentrations equal to or less than that required to
inhibit the control organism

A

susceptible

121
Q

the process of marking one tube with a premeasured liquid and
using the same mark as a guide in delivering the liquid culture
medium into several test tubes

A

taring

122
Q

TNTC stands for?

A

Too numerous to count

123
Q

a term used in quantitative cultures
wherein there is an excessively large amount of colonies growing on
a solid medium.

A

TNTC or too numerous to count

124
Q

a plastic laminated card with alternate thick black and white lines placed against a bacterial suspension to compare its turbidity with McFarland solution

A

Wickerham card

125
Q

a clear zone surrounding an antibiotic disc in a confluent lawn of bacterial growth

A

zone of inhibition

MT6320 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions