Lab final Flashcards
PCOP
plasma colloid osmotic pressure, caused by presence of proteins in the plasma, inward directed force
BCP
bowman’s capsule pressure - caused by the pressure of fluid within the BC, can be exacerbated by renal or urinary blockage
For filtration to occur, ____ must be higher than __ and ___ added.
blood pressure, PCOP and BCP
How does dH2O affect filtration and urine production?
increases blood pressure by increasign blood volume. Decreases plasma colloid osmotic pressure by diluting the plasma. Overall increase in GFR and urine production. ANP is affected by the increased BP and inihibits ADH.
How does isotonic saline affect filtration and urine production?
increases blood pressure because blood volume increases. Although not as much as dH2O, the isotonic saline dilutes the plasma proteins and decreases PCOP,, which increases GFR.
How does hypertonic saline affect filtration and urine production?
Increase in Na+ will result in an increase in water retention, as Na and Cl- ions are actively transported out of the thick ascending LOH (passively at thin ascending LOH). Water follows salt. The PCOP is increased
How does an increased PCOP due to ingestion of salty food/drink affect GFR?
decreases GFR, but does not change glomerular blood pressure
When chemoreceptors are stimulated… (sodium phosphate)
heart rate increases, excites the VMC, vasoconstriction
When baroreceptors are stimulated… (epi, increase TPR by binding alpha1)
heart rate decreases, inhibition of VMC
stimulation of baroreceptors (Epi)
blood pressure increase
vasodilation
decrease HR
decrease DRG (spills over)
stimulation of chemoreceptors (sodium phosphate)
CO2, H+, O2 levels are high,
vasoconstriction
increase HR
increase DRG (spills over)
What happened to respiration after vagi were cut? Why?
increased respiratory depth (opposite of what vagal stimuation warns of, it warns of breathing too deeply)
no inhibition from the VMC
Could it be argued that you would have gotten the same results here if you have just let go of the nerve? The point was to see that the impulse to slow breathing rate and depthe can also travel down the phrenic nerve if need be
What happens to respiration after the second stimulation after vagi are cut? why?
decrease in respiration, signal coming down from the phrenic nerve instead of vagus, same message, different nerve
What happened to respirations after intense stimulation of the thigh?
increase in breathing rate, signal travelling up the spinal cord spill over to the inspiratory and afferent modulator area, the DRG
When atropine is applied to the SV, what happens to heart rate?
increases, the inhibitory effects of the paasymphathetic NS are blocked
