Lab exam2

Question 1

Know

Answer 1

Question 2

know

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

Answer 4

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Monocot or dicot

Answer 6

Dicot root

Question 7

Monocot or dicot

Answer 7

Dicot root

Question 8

monocot or dicot

Answer 8

monocot root

Question 9

monocot or dicot

Answer 9

monocot root

Question 10

know

Answer 10

dicot root

Question 11

know

Answer 11

dicot root

Question 12

know

Answer 12

monocot root

Question 13

know

Answer 13

monocot root

Question 14

know

Answer 14

lateral root

Question 15

Identify root adaptations: nodules, knots, mychorrizae, prop roots, haustoria

Answer 15

nodules - swellings on the roots of plants, such as leguems, in which symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria lives

knots - ?

mychorrizae - mutualistic associations of fungi and plant roots that aid plant’s absorption of essential minerals from the soil.

prop roots - help anchor and brace plant against wind

haustoria - parasitic root that parasitizes a host plant

Question 16

know

Answer 16

Question 17

External anatomy of woody twig

Answer 17

Question 18

Be able to distinguish between monocot and dicot stem cross sections and label parts

Answer 18

dicot

Question 19

Be able to distinguish between monocot and dicot stem cross sections and label parts

Answer 19

monocot

Question 20

Be able to distinguish between monocot and dicot stem cross sections and label parts

Answer 20

dicot

Question 21

Identifystem adaptations(figure 24.24): stolon, rhizome, tuber, corm, tendrils

Answer 21

stolon - runner-like, growing beneath the surface and in different directions

rhizome - type of modified stem in which the stem grows horizontally below the ground, resembling a root

tuber - swollen extensions of stolons modified to store carbohydrates

corm - looks like bulbs, but they do not have fleshy leaves. the only leaves are thin, papery, brown structures on the outside of the corm

tendrils - in climbing plants, such as grapes. those on pumpkins and peas are modified leaves.

Question 22

know the anatomy of a woody tree trunk

Answer 22

Question 23

Understand classification of leaves(practice using fresh samples)

Answer 23

Question 24

What is the leaf arrangement on the stem?

Answer 24

Question 25

compound, indicate leaf complexity: pinnate vs palmate

Answer 25

pinnate - leaflets occur in pairs along the rachis (extension) of the petiole

palmate - all of the leaflets are attached at the same origin

Question 26

What is the leaf venation?

Answer 26

parallel - which the veins are arranged nearly parallel to each other

dichotomous - veins fork out from the base of the blade (Ginkgo)

palmate - several primary veins branch out from a singel point

pinnate - have one prominent primary vein, or midrib, and secondary veins branch off the midrib

Question 27

What is the leaf margin? (toothed/serrated, lobed, undulate, entire)

Answer 27

Question 28

Typical Leaf Anatomy

Answer 28

Question 29

leaf epidermis

Answer 29

Question 30

Typical Leaf Anatomy: what is this?

Answer 30

Question 31

Typical Leaf Anatomy: label; monocot or dicot

Answer 31

dicot because of the spongy mesophyll

Question 32

Typical Leaf Anatomy: label; monocot or dicot

Answer 32

monocot because NO spongy mesophyll

Question 33

Identify Specialized Leaves

Answer 33

Question 34

Know the equation for photosynthesis

Answer 34

• Light energy + 6CO₂ + 6 H₂0 → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂
• CO₂ becomes reduces to C₆H₁₂O₆
• H₂O becomes oxidized to O₂

Question 35

Understand the principles of absorptionand reflection. Review absorption spectrum graphs and how to interpret them.

Answer 35

• The colors that are absorbed are the ones that is not reflected. So since we see green in leaves the chlorophyll a is reflecting the green color of the spectrem and absorbing the other.
• the absorption spectrum graph is what is being absorbed in the peeks and what is being reflected in the troughs

Question 36

Why did the Elodea change the color of the phenol red in the test tubes?

Answer 36

• This change in color indicates that the Elodea plant is performing photosynthesis, and is taking up the carbon dioxide from the phenol red solution.
• The phenol red changes color (to amber color) when you blow into it, because you are introducing carbon dioxide to the mix. Phenol red changes to yellow in a pH lower than 7, so the solution turning yellow is an indication of an acidic (lower than 7 pH) solution.
• The Elodea plant changed the color back to red.

Question 37

Understand the principles of chromatography and how it is used to study plant pigments.

Answer 37

• ‘Chromatography’ is an analytical technique commonly used for separating a mixture of chemical substances into its individual components, so that the individual components can be thoroughly analyzed.
• Chromatography is used to study plant pigment by extracting pigments from the plant and then sorting them by their physical characteristics so they can be analyzed. Chromatography is useful in separating different types of plant pigments because they are very similar to one another and can be difficult to distinguish or physically separate otherwise.

Question 38

What is the relationship between photosynthesis and starch storage in leaves? How does dark impact photosynthesis?

Answer 38

• When photosynthesis is allowed to take place the amount of starch goes up since it is storing the sugars in the plant as starch.
• When photosynthesis can not occur sugars cannot be made, in turn the plant has to us up it’s reserves for metabolic processes.

Question 39

What are the photosynthetic pigments used in photosynthesis?

Answer 39

• Primary pigment: chlorophyll a
• Accessory pigments: chlorophyll b, carotenes, xanthophylls

Question 40

Understand and be able to label basic plant organization

Answer 40

Question 41

Understand and be able to label root tip anatomy

Answer 41

Question 42

Be able to distinguish between monocot and dicot roots and stems in the microscope and on illustrations. Be able to label the anatomy of the cross sections e.g phloem, xylem, cortex, etc.

Question 43

Be able to identify types of root (taproot, fibrous root, storage root, prop roots) and types of stem (rhizome, bulbs, stolons, tubers)

Answer 43

• rhizome - lilly,
• bulbs - onion,
• stolons - strawberries,
• tubers - potatoes

Question 44

Understand and be able to label external anatomy of a twig

Answer 44

Question 45

Understand and be able to sketch basic leaf anatomy, arrangement, venation, simple vs compound (pinnate vs palmate)

Answer 45

Question 46

Understand and be able to label internal anatomy of a leaf

Answer 46

Question 47

Be able to identify main internal leaf structures

Question 48

Understand and be able to label the layers of woody stems.

Answer 48

Question 49

Be able to identify major Betta anatomical features.

Answer 49

Question 50

What “triggers” did you find that caused your fish to react?

Answer 50

• size
• color
• flared gills
• flared fins

Question 51

What was the purpose of the fish lab?

Answer 51

• to observe communication
• obsreve the agonistic behavior of the betta fish

Question 52

Be able to effectively use a dichotomous key

Question 53

Make sure you understand the relationship(s) between predators and prey and the how the simulation demonstrates the role of natural selection in populations.

Answer 53

jelly bean lab…. green jelly beans main ones survived

Question 54

Know the difference between interspecific and intraspecific competition.

Answer 54

• Intraspecific competition exists between members of the same species.
• Interspecific competition exists between members of different species