Lab Exam November Flashcards

Question

Carotid Foramen

Answer 1

Chondrocranium Foramen that lies at the anterior end of the basal plate

Answer 2

Chondrocranium Large depression on the dorsal side, between the postorbital processes and the otic region Contains the endolymphatic and perilymphatic foramina

Answer 3

Chondrocranium Smaller, anterior foramina within the endolymphatic fossa

Answer 4

Chondrocranium Larger, more posterior pair of foramina within the endolymphatic fossa

Answer 5

Chondrocranium Foramen on the anteroventral part of the wall of the otic region

Answer 6

Chondrocranium Posterior part of the chondrocranium

Answer 7

Chondrocranium Large, median opening in the occipital region

Answer 8

Chondrocranium Protrusions that lie on either side of the foramen magnum and just ventral to it Articulate with the first vertebra

Answer 9

Chondrocranium Foramen that lies just lateral to the foramen magnum

Answer 10

Chondrocranium Foramen that are most lateral on the occipital region

Answer 11

Part of the head that includes the seven visceral arches and forms the jaw

Answer 12

Splanchnocranium Anteriormost visceral arch that forms the jaws, formed from palatoquadrate, Meckel's and labial cartilages

Answer 13

Splanchnocranium Dorsal portion of the mandibular arch that forms the upper jaw and articulates with the chondrocranium Has orbital and adductor mandibulae processes

Answer 14

Splanchnocranium Anterior process on the palatoquadrate cartilage that contacts the medial wall of the orbit on the chondrocranium

Answer 15

Splanchnocranium Posterior process on the palatoquadrate cartilage that serves as an attachment site for the adductor mandibulae muscle

Answer 16

Splanchnocranium Ventral portion of the mandibular arch, forms the lower jaw

Answer 17

Splanchnocranium Slender cartilages of the mandibular arch that support the labial folds and are attached to Meckel's cartilage

Answer 18

Splanchnocranium Second visceral arch, functions as support and suspension for the mandibular arch Formed from the hyomandibular, ceratohyal and basihyal

Answer 19

Splanchnocranium Dorsal segment of the hyoid arch Abuts against the otic capsule

Answer 20

Splanchnocranium Middle section of the hyoid arch, articulates dorsally with the hyomandibular and ventrally with the basihyal

Answer 21

Splanchnocranium Ventral segment of the hyoid arch

Answer 22

Splanchnocranium Visceral arches 3-7

Answer 23

Splanchnocranium Dorsal segment of the branchial arches

Answer 24

Splanchnocranium Middle segment of the branchial arches

Answer 25

Splanchnocranium Ventral segments of the branchial arches

Answer 26

Splanchnocranium Paired, connect branchial arches 1-3 to basibranchial 1 (arch 1) and basibranchial 2 (arches 2-3)

Answer 27

Splanchnocranium Ventral, medial completions of the branchial arches, connected to arches 1-3 via hypobranchials and directly for 4-5

Answer 28

Vertebra Hourglass-shaped vertebral body of each segment of the vertebral column

Answer 29

Vertebra Runs through the centrum of each vertebral segment

Answer 30

Vertebra Triangular plate that sits dorsal to and with base on the centrum

Answer 31

Vertebra Low ridge found on the tip of each neural plate

Answer 32

Vertebra Inverted triangular plates that lie between each neural plate

Answer 33

Vertebra Neural and intercalary plates together

Answer 34

Vertebra Passageway above the centra formed by the neural arches, for the passage of the spinal cord

Answer 35

Vertebra Foramen that pierces each neural plate, for the root of a spinal nerve

Answer 36

Vertebra Projection on either side of the ventral surfaces of the centra Only in trunk vertebrae

Answer 37

Vertebra Slender, projects from each basapophysis

Answer 38

Vertebra Plate of cartilage on either side of the ventral side of each centrum that meets with its pair Only on caudal vertebrae

Answer 39

Vertebra Canal within the hemal arch for passage of the caudal artery and vein

Answer 40

Vertebra Spine that extends ventrally from each hemal arch

Answer 41

Anterior and posterior dorsal fins Pectoral fins Pelvic fins Large, proximal lobe in dorsal Has fin spine anchored anteriorly in dorsal Three kinds in pectoral, two in pelvic

Answer 42

Anterior and posterior dorsal fins Spine that is anchored to the anterior side of the basal pterygiophore

Answer 43

Anterior and posterior dorsal fins Pectoral fins Pelvic fins Caudal fin Lobes that form the middle part of the fin, between the basal pterygiophore and ceratotrichia - Base of the caudal fin, only on the dorsal side - Rod-like and arranged in rows in the pectoral fins, also rod-like in pelvic

Answer 44

Anterior and posterior dorsal fins Pectoral fins Pelvic fins Caudal fin Thin, fibrous dermal rays that form the most distal portion of the fin

Answer 45

Heterocercal - asymmetric with the vertebral axis curving into the dorsal lobe Supported proximally by hemal arches and radial pterygiophores

Answer 46

U-shaped cartilage to which the pectoral fins attach on either side

Answer 47

Pectoral Girdle Portion of the girdle that lies between the fins

Answer 48

Pectoral Girdle Portion of the girdle that extends dorsally past the attachment of each fin

Answer 49

Pectoral Girdle Slender element that attaches dorsally to each scapular process

Answer 50

Pectoral girdle Articular surface between the girdle and the fin

Answer 51

Pectoral fins, pelvic fins Most anterior basal pterygiophore on the pectoral fin Short, stout basal pterygiophore on the pelvic fin

Answer 52

Pectoral fins Middle basal pterygiophore, largest of the three

Answer 53

Pectoral fins, pelvic fins Most posterior basal pterygiophore on the pectoral fin Elongated, posterior-extending basal pterygiophore on the pelvic fin

Answer 54

Pelvic Girdle Horizontal bar that connects the pelvic fins to one another

Answer 55

Pelvic Girdle Articular surface for the fins on either end of the puboischiadic bar

Answer 56

Pelvic Girdle Tiny process near each acetabular surface

Answer 57

Pelvic fin Only present on males Intromittent organ for transmission of sperm into the female cloaca; has a hook (large) and spine (smaller) distally Formed from modified radial pterygiophores

Answer 58

Inner layer of shark integument

Answer 59

Outer layer of shark integument Not keratinized - layer of live cells Covered by mucus in life

Answer 60

A.K.A. Denticles Scale that is built essentially like a tooth, embedded within the skin - Formed from dentine that is covered by enamel and contains a pulp cavity - Reduce drag of water passing over the skin during swimming

Answer 61

Specialized cells within the integument that control pigmentation of skin an secretory cells

Answer 62

Pocket on either side of the mouth

Answer 63

Flap that separates the labial pocket from the mouth; supported by the labial cartilage

Answer 64

Large opening into the pharynx that lies posterior to each eye

Answer 65

Fold of tissue that can be folded over the spiracle opening to close flow of water

Answer 66

Reduced gill found on the spiracle

Answer 67

Four septa that separate the five external pharyngeal slits

Answer 68

Respiratory structures found within the pharyngeal slits

Answer 69

What makes up gills, generally injected with red latex in specimens

Answer 70

Midventral chamber from which the urinary, digestive and reproductive tracts all exit

Answer 71

Cone-like structure in the cloaca from which the genital and urinary ducts open Only in males

Answer 72

Cone-like structure from which the urinary duct opens Only in females

Answer 73

Exit for the digestive tract, opens anterior to the urogenital/urinary papilla

Answer 74

Pores on the posterolateral sides of the cloaca that extend into the pleuroperitoneal cavity

Answer 75

Cutaneous tube that contains sensory nerve endings, opens to the surface via pores - Responsive to pressure changes in wwater caused by vibrations and movement

Answer 76

Paired pores that open on the dorsal side of the head, between the spiracles

Answer 77

Numerous pores all around the head, function in electro-reception

Answer 78

Dorsal musculature of the trunk

Answer 79

Ventral musculature of the trunk

Answer 80

Connective tissue sheet that lies in the frontal plane and divides the epaxial and hypaxial musculature of the trunk

Answer 81

Segmented, Z-shaped sections of muscle

Answer 82

Connective tissue sheets that divide myomeres

Answer 83

Connective tissue that separates the left and right myomeres midventrally

Answer 84

Muscle that lies dorsally on the pectoral fin

Answer 85

Muscle that lies ventrally on the pectoral fin

Answer 86

Branchiomeric Musculature Small muscle that lies on the anterior wall of the spiracular valve

Answer 87

Branchiomeric Musculature Muscle that lies anterior to the spiracularis, passes from the otic capsule to the upper jaw and lifts/stabilizes it

Answer 88

Branchiomeric Musculature Muscle that lies posterior to the spiracle and extends between the otic capsule and hyomandibular Raises the hyomandibular during jaw closing

Answer 89

Branchiomeric Musculature Large muscle just posterior to the angle of the mouth, extends between upper and lower jaws to close the mouth

Answer 90

Branchiomeric Musculature Vertical connective tissue partitions that separate the superficial constrictors

Answer 91

Branchiomeric Musculature Dorsal & ventral First and most complex of the superficial constrictors Lies between the adductor mandibulae and the first pharyngeal slit

Answer 92

Branchiomeric musculature Dorsal & ventral Extend between the raphes associated with each pharyngeal slit Extend medially, but only outermost portions are visible superficially

Answer 93

Branchiomeric musculature Triangular muscle that lies dorsal to the superficial constrictors

Answer 94

Branchiomeric musculature Anterior continuation of the epaxial musculature; attach anteriorly to the back of the chondrocranium

Answer 95

Branchiomeric musculature Muscle that lies between Meckel's cartilages, composed of left and right halves separated midventrally by a raphe

Answer 96

Branchiomeric musculature Thin muscular sheet that lies deep to the intermandibularis and is adhered tightly to it Extends between the cartilages of the ceratohyals

Answer 97

Branchiomeric musculature Muscle that underlies the portion of a pharyngeal slit covered by gill lamellae; curved fibres

Answer 98

Branchiomeric musculature Short muscle that extends between the ceratobranchial and epibranchial in each interbranchial septum

Answer 99

Branchiomeric musculature Strap-like and elongated muscles that lie between cartilages of branchial arches 1-4

Answer 100

Branchiomeric musculature Muscles that lie lateroventral to the dorsal interarcuals and extend between the pibranchial and pharyngobranchial cartilages of arches 1-4

Answer 101

Hypobranchial musculature Long, midventral, nearly cylindrical Exposed on reflection of the intermandibularis and interhyoideus Extends between the lower jaw and the muscles posterior to it

Answer 102

Gland deep to the anterior end of the coracomandibular

Answer 103

Hypobranchial musculature Elongated, paired Lie deep to the coracomandibular and anterior to the basihyal Continuous with the coracoarcuals posteriorly

Answer 104

Hypobranchial musculature Broad, nearly triangular muscles that lie medially between the ventral superficial branchial constrictors and anterior to the hypaxial musculature

Answer 105

Hypobranchial musculature Five muscles that fan out from the coracoid bar, coracoarcuals and walls of pericardial cavity to ceratobranchial and basibranchial cartilages

Answer 106

Forms the floor of the oral cavity | Not a true tongue like that seen in tetrapods

Answer 107

Region into which the pharyngeal slits lead

Answer 108

Posterior narrowing of the pharynx, leads to the stomach

Answer 109

Finger-like structures projecting across the internal pharyngeal slit to help keep food from escaping through the slits or damaging the gills

Answer 110

Four partitions that separate the five pharyngeal slits from one another

Answer 111

Nearly parallel, ridge-like | Found on the anterior and posterior surfaces of each interbranchial septum

Answer 112

Interbranchial septum with gill lamellae on both anterior and posterior surfaces

Answer 113

Interbranchial septum with gill lamellae on only the anterior OR posterior side - E.g. hyoid arch

Answer 114

Muscle that lies medial to the arch

Answer 115

Muscle that supports the interbranchial septum

Answer 116

Cartilaginous rays that extend from the branchial arch and into the interbranchial muscle for support

Answer 117

Artery that lies at the base of gill lamellae on the posterior surface of an interbranchial septum

Answer 118

Artery that lies at the base of gill lamellae on the anterior surface of an interbranchial septum

Answer 119

Link post and pretrematic arteriexs

Answer 120

Lies near the middle of a septum between the pretrematic and posttrematic arteries

Answer 121

Body cavity, divided into the pericardial and pleuroperitoneal cavities

Answer 122

Anterior cavity of the coelom that contains the heart

Answer 123

Posterior cavity of coelom that contains the viscera and other structures

Answer 124

Septum that separates the pericardial and pleuroperitoneal cavities Lies near the pectoral girdle

Answer 125

Epithelium that lines the body cavity

Answer 126

Epithelium that covers the organs within the body cavity

Answer 127

Membranes that suspend organs from the body wall or connect them to other organs

Answer 128

Occupies most of the anterior part of the pleuroperitoneal cavity Has right and left lobes extending posteriorly on either side and a small median lobe between them

Answer 129

Elongated structure on the median lobe of the liver, extends along the right margin

Answer 130

Finger-like projections on the inside of the esophagus

Answer 131

Longitudinal ridges found on the inside of the stomach

Answer 132

Main part of the stomach

Answer 133

Narrow posterior part of the stomach, after the bend

Answer 134

Constriction of the pyloric region of the stomach that marks the separation between the stomach and intestine

Answer 135

Large, dark organ at the posterior end of the stomach Belongs to the cardiovascular system

Answer 136

Near the stomach & intestine Has two parts that are linked around the intestine

Answer 137

Connection between the two sides of the pancreas

Answer 138

Anterior segment of the intestine Is adhered to and hidden by the ventral lobe of the pancreas

Answer 139

Large, middle portion of the intestine that contains a spiral valve

Answer 140

Internal subdivision of the intestine that increases its effective length

Answer 141

Posterior end of the intestine that lacks a spiral valve

Answer 142

Gland that attaches to the colon and looks like a dick Excretes salt

Answer 143

Continuation of the digestive tract after the colon into the cloaca

Answer 144

Dorsal mesentery that attaches the esophagus and stomach to the body wall

Answer 145

Part of the dorsal mesentery that supports the anterior portion of the intestine

Answer 146

Mesentery that attaches the digitiform gland to the body wall

Answer 147

Membrane that attaches the spleen to the stomach

Answer 148

Ribbon-like strand of mesentery that extends from the liver to the gut Carries the bile duct and blood vessels

Answer 149

Portion of the gastrohepatoduodenal ligament that carries the bile duct to the duodenum Splits at the pyloric region

Answer 150

Portion of the gastrohepatoduodenal ligament that passes into the pyloric region of the stomach and adjacent portions of the body

Answer 151

Extends between the anteroventral surface of the liver and the midventral body wall

Answer 152

Most conspicuous structure of the heart Large muscular chamber

Answer 153

Seen on the surface of the ventricle, supply the heart

Answer 154

Thin, triangular chamber of the heart attached to the transverse septum Receives venous blood and passes it anteriorly to the atrium

Answer 155

Large chamber of the heart that is dorsal to and appears to envelop the ventricle Passes its blood to the ventricle

Answer 156

Anterior chamber of the heart that is muscular and tube-like; narrowing of the ventricle This is where blood exits the heart and enters the ventral aorta

Answer 157

Passes anteriorly from the conus arteriosus Gives off five pairs of afferent branchial arteries

Answer 158

Arteries that arise at the ventral aorta and pass through to the gill lamellae

Answer 159

Pretrematic and posttrematic arteries join dorsally and ventrally, loop around the pharyngeal slit Only four collector loops

Answer 160

Carries blood away from the dorsal end of each collector loop and empties into the dorsal aorta

Answer 161

Passes posteriorly to supply most of the body with oxygenated blood

Answer 162

Arises from the anterodorsal part of the first collector loop (just anterior to first efferent branchial artery) Extends anteriorly

Answer 163

Arise from first efferent branchial arteries Pass anteriorly then veer laterally to join hyoidean artery

Answer 164

Formed after the union of a hyoidean artery and paired dorsal aorta Extends anteriorly to give rise to the stapedial artery then extends anteromedially to meet with the other internal carotid middorsally before entering the chondrocranium

Answer 165

Arises from the internal carotid artery on either side Extends anterolaterally before passing into the chondrocranium

Answer 166

Arises near the middles of the pretrematic artery of the first collector loop and goes to the posterior side of the spiracle

Answer 167

Collects blood from the pseudobranch Extends anteromedially, ventral to stapedial and enters the chondrocranium

Answer 168

Arises from the anteromedial corner of the first collector loop and supplies the lower jaw

Answer 169

Arises from the ventral end of the second collector loop Passes posteriorly to the conus arteriosus, where it divides into coronary and pericardial arteries

Answer 170

Can be seen on the wall of the pericardial cavity

Answer 171

Arises from the second efferent branchial artery Extends posteriorly and gives off branches to the pharynx and esophagus

Answer 172

Paired, first major branches of the dorsal aorta; usually between the third and fourth efferent branchial arteries Pass posterolaterally then veer lateroventrally at the pectoral girdle Gives rise to branchial and anterior ventrolateral arteries

Answer 173

Supplies the pectoral fin with blood

Answer 174

Continuation of the subclavian artery after the origin of the brachial ventrolateral artery Goes anterior then posterior, midway between lateral and midventral lines Gives off branches that supply myomeres, joins with posterior ventrolateral artery

Answer 175

First branch of the dorsal aorta in the pleuroperitoneal cavity Large, unpaired Continues posteriorly along the right side of the stomach to anterior tip of dorsal lobe of pancreas - Gives rise to testicular/ovarian arteries near origin - Divides into pancreaticomesenteric and gastrohepatic arteries

Answer 176

Short branch (sometimes missing altogether) of the celiac artery that subdivides again into the hepatic and gastric arteries

Answer 177

Long, narrow artery that turns toward the liver, accompanied by the hepatic portal vein and ant. bile duct

Answer 178

Passes to the stomach and branches into dorsal and ventral segments

Answer 179

Passes dorsal to the pylorus and onto the ventral side of the intestine as the anterior intestinal artery

Answer 180

Posterior end of the pancreaticomesenteric artery that lies on the ventral side of the intestine

Answer 181

Arises from the dorsal aorta at about the level of the spleen, becomes posterior intestinal artery

Answer 182

Extension of the anterior mesenteric artery onto the intestine

Answer 183

Arises from the dorsal aorta just posterior to the anterior mesenteric artery Supplies the spleen and the posterior part of the stomach

Answer 184

Arises from the dorsal aorta, passes along the anterior edge of the mesorectum and onto the digitiform gland

Answer 185

Arise from the dorsal aorta at about the level of the cloaca Pass posterolaterally dorsal to the kidneys, emerge and extend to pelvic fins where it branches into the femoral artery and posterior ventrolateral artery

Answer 186

Branch off of the iliac artery that enters the pelvic fin

Answer 187

Branch off of the iliac artery that goes anteriorly along the body wall before uniting with the anterior ventrolateral artery

Answer 188

Posterior continuation of the dorsal aorta into the tail, after the cloaca

Answer 189

Random branches off of the dorsal aorta to the axial musculature

Answer 190

Large vein that lies in the gastrohepatoduodenal ligament Formed from the union of the gastric, pancreaticomesenteric and lienomesenteric veins near the top of the dorsal lobe of the pancreas

Answer 191

Accompanies gastric artery onto the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the stomach

Answer 192

Extends along the dorsal lobe of the pancreas Formed by confluence of the posterior lienogastric vein and posterior intestinal vein

Answer 193

Vein that comes from the spleen and posterior part of the stomach

Answer 194

Arises from the posterior part of the intestine

Answer 195

Accompanies the pancreaticomesenteric artery to the beginning of the intestine, where it is formed by others such as the anterior intestinal vein and the anterior lienogastric vein

Answer 196

Extends parallel to the anterior intestinal artery

Answer 197

Comes from the spleen and pyloric regions of the stomach

Answer 198

Passes anteriorly through the hemal arches of the caudal vertebrae

Answer 199

Arise through bifurcation of the caudal vein and continue anteriorly along the dorsolateral margins of the kidneys

Answer 200

Branch from the renal portal veins to carry blood to the kidneys

Answer 201

Large vein that lies dorsal to the pharyngobranchial cartilages Receives vessels that drain the eye, brain, head

Answer 202

Surrounds the eye and transports blood to the anterior cardinal sinus

Answer 203

Thin vessel that drains the floor of the branchial region

Answer 204

Connects the anterior cardinal sinus and inferior jugular vein on either side of the head Lies along the posterior surface of the hyoid arch

Answer 205

Collects blood from the liver and opens into the posterior wall of the sinus venosus

Answer 206

Receives blood from the main vessels (except the liver), passing it back into the posterolateral corners of the sinus venosus

Answer 207

Enters the common cardinal vein just lateral to the entrance of the inferior jugular

Answer 208

Large space lying dorsolateral to the esophagus, bounded by a thin-walled membrane

Answer 209

Vein that lies lateral to the dorsal aorta

Answer 210

Collect blood from kidneys and intersegmental veins that drain blood from body wall

Answer 211

Extends along the inside of the ventrolateral body wall on each side Formed from confluence of cloacal vein and femoral vein

Answer 212

Vein that drains blood from the cloaca

Answer 213

Drains blood from the pelvic fin

Answer 214

Extends parallel to the subclavian artery

Answer 215

Lies on the medial surface of the pectoral fin along with the brachial artery

Answer 216

Long, narrow structures on either side of the dorsal aorta on the roof of the body ccavity

Answer 217

Paired, elongated gonads of the male that lie dorsal to the liver in the pleuroperitoneal cavity

Answer 218

Paired, elongated gonads of the female that lie dorsal to the liver

Answer 219

Between the posterior ends of the kidneys, arising from the vertebrae and passing to the tail

Answer 220

Most anterior part of the kidney in males, includes tubules that help transport sperm

Answer 221

Middle third of the kidney in males that house tubules that make secretions to help transport sperm

Answer 222

Mesentery that supports the testes and suspends them from the body cavity

Answer 223

Small tubules in the anterior part of the mesorchium that extend from the testis to tubules in the epididymis

Answer 224

Tightly convoluted, embedded in the ventral surface of the kidney (mature male) - Nearly straight in immature male, resembles oviduct

Answer 225

As archinephric duct approaches the cloaca, straightens and expands

Answer 226

On ventral surface of seminal vesicle Anteriorly blindly ending pouch

Answer 227

Union of the left and right sperm sacs, continues posteriorly to urogenital papilla

Answer 228

Thin duct that carries urine to the urogenital sinus Extends along the medial margin of the kidney

Answer 229

Lies just deep to the skin on the ventral surface of the pelvic fin

Answer 230

Mesentery that suspends the ovaries from the body wall

Answer 231

Lies on the ventral surface of each kidney - Narrow, unsupported by mesentery in immature - Larger and supported in adult

Answer 232

Mesentery that supports the oviduct in adult females

Answer 233

Opening of the left and right oviducts in the free edge of the falciform ligament

Answer 234

Swelling of the oviduct dorsal to the ovary Secretes a thin membrane around groups of eggs as they pass to the oviduct; where eggs are fertilized

Answer 235

Enlargement of the oviduct that occurs posteriorly Contains developing pups

Answer 236

Modified parts of the lateral line system Series of tube-like structures just below and parallel to the skin

Answer 237

Extends midlaterally along the length of the body and into the tail Lies within the skin and leads to other canals in the head

Answer 238

Function in olfaction (duh) Has lateral incurrent and medial excurrent nares Has lamellae within on which sensory receptors lie

Answer 239

Passes anteroposteriorly along the dorsomedial wall of the orbit

Answer 240

Dorsal & Ventral Pass from the anteromedial wall of the orbit and attach dorsally and ventralls

Answer 241

Lateral, medial, dorsal, ventral Radiate toward the eyeball from the posteromedial wall of the orbit - Lateral attaches to posterior surface - Medial attaches to medial/anterior surface - Dorsal attaches to the top - Ventral

Answer 242

Thin strand that passes anteroposteriorly through the orbit and adheres to the medial surface of the eye

Answer 243

Extends from the medial wall of the orbit, laterally to the eyeball

Answer 244

Passes anteriorly and slightly ventrally in the orbit Nearly as wide as any of the extrinsic muscles

Answer 245

Muscle that passes anteromedially across the floor of the orbit

Answer 246

Passes ventrally and around the margin of the ventral rectus

Answer 247

Innervates the lateral rectus

Answer 248

Passes into the dorsal oblique

Answer 249

Lies on the posterior wall of the orbit, posterior to lateral rectus, extends laterally

Answer 250

Lateral portion of the eyeball, transparent

Answer 251

Remainder of the eyeball, cartilaginous

Answer 252

Pigmented structure of the eyeball visible through the cornea, with circular pupil at centre - Modified vascular tunic - Contains intrinsic musculature that allows control over the size of the pupil

Answer 253

Hard spherical structure within the eye

Answer 254

Dark pigmented layer internal to the sclera

Answer 255

Vascular tissue between the choroid and sclera on the medial wall of the eye where the pedicle attaches

Answer 256

Holds the lens in place | Contains intrinsic musculature to help control shape of the lens

Answer 257

Light tissue internal to the choroid | Light sensitive, contains photoreceptors responsible for absorbing light

Answer 258

Large cavity of the eyeball medial to the lens

Answer 259

Gelatinous mass in the vitreous chamber, helps maintain eyeball's shape and holds retina in place

Answer 260

Divisions of the cavity lateral to the lens, subdivided by the iris

Answer 261

Watery fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chamber

Answer 262

Series of ducts and sacs in the inner ear

Answer 263

Series of canals and chambers that contain the membranous labyrinth

Answer 264

Vertically oriented ducts within the membranous labyrinth

Answer 265

Horizontally oriented duct within the membranous labyrinth

Answer 266

Large, triangular sac-like structure that extends between the vertical ducts and medial to the lateral duct

Answer 267

Extends dorsally from the sacculus and reaches the exterior surface of the head through the endolymphatic pores

Answer 268

Closely associated with the sacculus, communicates with it through small openings - Anterior attaches to anterior and lateral semicircular ducts - Posterior attaches to posterior semicircular duct

Answer 269

Posteroventral extension of the sacculus

Answer 270

Little bulbs that occur at the ends of ducts in the inner ear

Answer 271

Extends dorsally from the posterior side of the epithalamus to the epiphyseal foramen

Answer 272

``` Most anterior portion of the brain Contains: - Olfactory bulbs - Olfactory tracts - Cerebrum ```

Answer 273

Telencephalon Bulbs at the anterior end of the olfactory tracts, attach to the olfactory sacs anteriorly

Answer 274

Telencephalon Narrow tracts that attach the olfactory bulbs to the cerebrum

Answer 275

Extend from the posterior sides of the olfactory tracts, a little ways before going ventrally on the brain

Answer 276

Two cerebral hemispheres together

Answer 277

Second portion of the brain, posterior to the telencephalon and anterior to the mesencephalon Includes: - Epithalamus - Thalamus - Hypothalamus

Answer 278

Roof of the diencephalon

Answer 279

Side of the diencephalon

Answer 280

Floor of the diencephalon

Answer 281

Thin, vascular tissue that forms the epithalamus Attaches anteriorly to the cerebrum

Answer 282

Cavity within the diencephalon that contains various vascular structures

Answer 283

Foramen through which the third ventricle leads to the left and right lateral ventricles

Answer 284

Diencephalon Left & right Lie respectively in the left and right cerebral hemispheres

Answer 285

This portion of the brain, posterior to the diencephalon and anterior to the metencephalon

Answer 286

Mesencephalon Paired, rounded

Answer 287

Metencephalon Large, main structure of metencephalon Partially overhangs optic lobes anteriorly and myelencephalon posteriorly

Answer 288

Metencephalon, cerebellum Project anterolaterally from the posterior end of the metencephalon

Answer 289

Fourth portion of the brain, posterior to mesencephalon and anterior to myelencephalon

Answer 290

Most posterior part of the brain, largely tubular

Answer 291

Myelencephalon Posterior part of the brain that narrows into the spinal cord - Roof covered by telea choroidea

Answer 292

Myelencephalon Cavity of the medulla, revealed by removing the telea choroidea; has various ridges and grooves

Answer 293

Myelencephalon Two large midventral ridges on either side of the midventral groove within the fourth ventricle

Answer 294

Large longitudinal ridges lateral to the somatic motor columns (divided by a depression)

Answer 295

Small columns between the somatic motor columns and visceral sensory columns

Answer 296

Large longitudinal ridge dorsal to each visceral sensory column Surface has form of small, bead-like swellings

Answer 297

Anterior enlargement of the somatic sensory column

Answer 298

Most anterior cranial nerve Passes along the medial side of the olfactory tract

Answer 299

Second most anterior nerve Pass from olfactory sac into olfactory bulb

Answer 300

Arises from ventral surface of the mesencephalon and branches to innervate ventral oblique and dorsal/ventral/medial rectus

Answer 301

Extends anterolaterally from the dorsal surface of the mesencephalon Innervates dorsal oblique

Answer 302

Arises from ventral surface of the medulla Passes anterolaterally and innervates the lateral rectus (found on ventral side)

Answer 303

Arises from the anterior part of the medulla, just behind the auricles of the cerebellum Large nerve that divides into four branches on emerging into the orbit - superficial opthalmic, deep opthalmic, mandibular, maxillary

Answer 304

Branch of the trigeminal nerve | Most dorsal of the branches, passes just ventral to the dorsal margin of the orbit

Answer 305

Branch of the trigeminal nerve Passes through orbit and adheres to dorsoventral surface of eyeball

Answer 306

Branch of trigeminal nerve Extends laterally along posterior wall of orbit, almost directly posterior to lateral rectus

Answer 307

Branch of trigeminal nerve Contributes to infraorbital nerve

Answer 308

Large nerve passing along the floor of the orbit and crossing the preorbitalis

Answer 309

Arises from the anterior part of the medulla, just behind the auricles of the cerebellum Two branches: hyomandibular and palatine

Answer 310

Branch of facial nerve Forms hyomandibular nerve along with AVLLN Passes over levator hyomandibulae Has geniculate ganglion, swelling near origin

Answer 311

Branch of facial nerve Participates in the innervation of the lining of the oral cavity

Answer 312

Arises from the anterior part of the medulla, just behind the auricles of the cerebellum Short nerve that innervates the ear

Answer 313

Arise from the anterior part of the medulla, just behind the auricles of the cerebellum - Anterodorsal Lateral Line Nerve (ADLLN) - Anteroventral Lateral Line Nerve (AVLLN) - Otic Lateral Line Nerve (OLLN)

Answer 314

Arises posterior to the statoacoustic nerve Extends through floor of otic capsule to first pharyngeal slit Swelling, petrosal ganglion before emerges from the capsule Divides into posttrematic and pretrematic branches

Answer 315

Arise from the brain between the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves - Middle Lateral Line Nerve (MLLN) - Supratemporal Lateral Line Nerve (STLLN) - Poterior Lateral Line Nerve (PLLN)

Answer 316

Mainly innervates pharyngeal slits 2-5 and viscera Arises from medulla just posterior to glossopharyngeal, clumped with postotic lateral line nerves Has visceral and intestinal branches

Answer 317

Branches of the vagus nerve, visceral branch Branches that innervate pharyngeal slits 2-5 - Subdivides into pretrematic, posttrematic and pharyngeal branches

Answer 318

Crosses the intestinal branch of the vagus nerve, innervates hypobranchial musculature

Answer 319

Union of slender roots posterior to the vagus nerve, partially merges with vagus

Answer 320

Ventral extension of the brain, just behind the optic nerves

Answer 321

Where the optic nerves cross over to the opposite side of the brain toward the anterior part of the hypothalamus

Answer 322

Forms the remainder of the hypothalamus not covered by optic nerve

Answer 323

Continuation of the infundibulum posterior to each inferior lobe

Answer 324

Narrow canal within the spinal cord, filled with cerebrospinal fluid in life (as are the ventricles)

Answer 325

Extension of the third ventricle into the optic lobes and hypophysis

Answer 326

Continuation of the fourth ventricle into the cerebellum

Answer 327

Narrow canal that connects the third and fourth ventricles