Lab Bold Terms 1-11 Flashcards by Micah Shaw

portion of scapula that articulates with clavicle

acromion

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bony division between supraspinatus and infraspinatus

scapular spine

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portion of scapula whose ligamental attachment bridges with acromion to bridge over supraspinatus

coracoid process

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a ligament turns this into a foramen through which the suprascapular artery and nerve pass

scapular notch (suprascapular notch)

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this surface of the scapula articulates with the head of the humerus

glenoid cavity (fossa)

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the long head of the triceps originates on this portion of the scapula

the lateral border

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the rhomboids insert on this portion of the scapula

medial border

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the coracoid projects from this portion of the scapula

superior border

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the acromion is an extension of this portion of the scapula

scapular spine

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this bone articulates with the acromion

clavicle

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this is the only bony articulation connecting the upper extremity to the axial skeleton

sternoclavicular joint

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this portion of the humerus articulates with the glenoid fossa

head

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this portion of the humerus defines the border between the head and the diaphysis

anatomical neck

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this portion of the humerus is where a cut would be made to replace the humeral head

surgical neck

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the supraspinatus inserts on this portion of the humerus

greater tuberosity

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the subscapularis inserts on this portion of the humerus

lesser tuberosity

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the bicipital tendon for the long head of the biceps passes through this portion of the humerus

intertubercular groove

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superior insertion of the trapezius

clavicle

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middle insertions of trapezius (2)

spine of scapula and acromion

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inferior insertion of trapezius

spine of scapula

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nerve that inserts on deep surface of trapezius

spinal accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)

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this muscle connects the the medial border of the scapula to the spinous processes of the vertebral column (larger and caudal)

rhomboid major

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this muscle connects the medial border of the scapula to the spinous processes of the vertebral column (smaller and superior)

rhomboid minor

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this muscle inserts on the superior aspect of the medial border of the scapula, originates on transverse processes of C1 to C4

levator scapulae

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this muscle originates on the ribs, a loss of its function results in scapular winiging

serratus anterior

this muscle originates on the spinous processes of the vertebra and the iliac crest and inserts on the crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

latissimus dorsi

this is the caudal-most origin of the latissimus dorsi

iliac crest

this muscle originates on the inferior angle of the scapula and inserts on the humerus

teres major

this nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi

thoracodorsal nerve

this artery feeds the latissimus dorsi

thoracodorsal artery

this muscle originates on the ligamentum nuchae and inserts on the skull (superior, larger)

splenius capitus

this muscle originates on the cervical and thoracic vertebrae and inserts on the skull (caudal and smaller)

splenius cervicis

this collection of ligaments is an attachment point for many muscles of the neck

ligamentum nuchae (nuchal ligament)

this nerve passes through the semispinalis capitis muscle

greater occipital nerve (C2)

this muscle runs parallel to the vertebral column, deep to the splenius group

semispinalis capitis

these three muscles make up the erector spinae (listed from medial to lateral)

spinalis longissimus iliocostalis

this muscle group is the top layer of the intrinsic back muscles

erector spinae

this is the medial-most of the erector spinae muscles

spinalis

this is the middle (not medial) erector spinae muscle

longissimus

this is the lateral-most erector spinae muscle

iliocostalis

this is the bulky part of a typical vertebra

body

this is the rest of a typical vertebra (when you exclude the bulky part)

arch

this connects the body of a vertebra to the transverse processes

pedicle

this connects the transverse process of a vertebra to the spinous process

lamina

this is the dorsal-most part of a vertebra

spinous process

these are the lateral projections of a vertebra (articulating with ribs in throacic)

transverse process

this is the hole through which spinal nerves exit

intervertebral foramen

this is where one might find a spinal cord

vertebral canal

this connects the lamina of two vertebra

ligamentum flavum

this runs longitudinally and connects the ventral surfaces of vertebral bodies

anterior longitudinal ligament

this runs longitudinally and connects the dorsal surfaces of the vertebral bodies

posterior longitudinal ligament

this is the distal end of the spinal cord

conus medullaris

the conus medullaris tends to land at this vertebral location

L1/L2

there are ____ pairs of spinal nerves

there are ____ pairs of cervical spinal nerves

there are ____ pairs of thoracic spinal nerves

there are _____ pairs of lumbar spinal nerves

there are _____ pairs of sacral spinal nerves

the distal most spinal nerve pair is referred to as

coccygeal

this is the loose collection of ventral and dorsal roots found in the vertebral canal distal to the conus medullaris

cauda equina

this is the continuation of the pia mater that continues distally to the conus medullaris

filum terminale

this is the area outside of the dura mater

epidural space

this package terminates at about S2

dural sac

the dural sac terminates at this vertebral locale

this membrane lines the inside of the dural sac

arachnoid mater

this space contains CSF

subarachnoid space

this is the delicate covering of the spinal cord

pia mater

this is the fibrous nervous tissue that exits the spinal cord and joins together to form a spinal nerve

rootlets (dorsal and ventral)

these are the two bundles that come together to form a spinal nerve

dorsal and ventral roots

this is the bundle of cell bodies that forms a lump on the dorsal root

dorsal root ganglion

these are the two divisions of a spinal nerve shortly after exiting the intervertebral foramen

dorsal and ventral rami

this muscle originates on the acromion and clavicle and inserts on the lateral humerus

deltoid

this muscle originates on the medial border of the scapula and inserts on the dorsal portion of the greater tubercle

infraspinatus

this nerve innervates the deltoid muscle

axillary nerve

this artery accompanies the axillary nerve through the quadrangular space

posterior humeral circumflex artery

this nerve accompanies the posterior humeral circumflex artery through the quadrangular space

axillary nerve

this muscle originates above the scapular spine and inserts just laterally to the humeral head

supraspinatus

this muscle forms the roof of the quadrangular space

teres minor

this muscle originates on the inferior dorsal scapula and inserts on the anterior humerus

teres major

this muscle originates on the lateral border of the scapula and inserts on the olecranon process of the ulna

long head of triceps brachii

this muscle originates on posterior humerus, and inserts on the olecranon process of the ulna

lateral head of triceps brachii

this nerve accompanies the deep brachial artery along the spiral groove of the posterior humerus

radial nerve

this artery accompanies the radial nerve along the spiral groove of the posterior humerus

deep brachial artery

you can find this artery and nerve between the long and lateral heads of the triceps brachii

radial nerve and deep brachial artery

this ligament converts a notch on the scapula into a foramen

suprascapular ligament

this nerve and artery pass through a notch that has been converted to a foramen by a ligament

suprascapular artery and nerve

aka suprasternal notch

jugular notch

inferior portion of sternum

xiphisternal angle

this muscle originates on the sternum and clavicle and inserts on the crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus

pectoralis major

this muscle connects the coracoid process to the ribs

pectoralis minor

this nerve branches off of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus and passes medial the the pectoralis minor

lateral pectoral nerve

this nerve branches off of the medial cord of the brachial plexus and passes through the pectoralis minor

medial pectoral nerve

this muscle originates on the coracoid process and inserts on the radial tuberosity

short head of biceps brachii

this muscle originates on the coracoid process and inserts on the medial humerus

coracobrachialis

home for the tendon of the long head of biceps brachii

bicipital groove

connective tissue extension of the humeral head's home

glenoid labrum

origin of long head of biceps tendon

scapula: supraglenoid tubercle

after the subclavian artery crosses the first rib, it's called

axillary artery

before the axillary artery crosses the first rib, it's called

the subclavian artery

this branch of the axillary artery passes medial to the pectoralis minor

thoracoacromial trunk

this branch of the axillary artery passes lateral to the pectoralis minor, into the serratus anterior

lateral thoracic artery

this branch of the axillary artery feeds the subscapularis, latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior

subscapular

branch of axillary artery that passes through quadrangular space along with axillary nerve

posterior humeral circumflex artery

last branch of axillary artery, passes toward shaft of humerus, NOT through quadrangular space

anterior humeral circumflex artery

cord of brachial plexus that gives rise to the musculocutaneous nerve

lateral cord

cutaneous part of musculocutaneous

lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

two pectoral nerves

lateral and medial pectoral nerves, named for their cords

this branch of the medial cord of the brachial plexus exits just distal to the medial pectoral nerve

medial brachial cutaneous nerve

this branch of the medial cord of the brachial plexus exits just before the ulnar nerve

medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

this nerve and artery pass together through the quadrangular space

axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery

these three nerves branch off of the posterior cord proximal to the axillary and radial (listed distal to proximal)

Lower subscapular nerve thoracodorsal nerve upper subscapular nerve

this nerve exits the posterior cord of the brachial plexus and innervates the latissimus dorsi

thoracodorsal nerve

this nerve exits the posterior cord of the brachial plexus and innervates subscapularis and teres major

lower subscapular nerve

this nerve exits the posterior cord and innervates subscapularis

upper subscapular nerve

this nerve innervates the serratus anterior

the long thoracic nerve

this nerve branches off the upper trunk of the brachial plexus and innervates the supraspinatus and infraspinatus

suprascapular nerve

this vein passes through the cubital fossa

median cubital vein

this muscle lies deep to the biceps brachii and does not insert on the coracoid

brachialis

this muscle lies deep to the biceps brachii and originates on the coracoid

coracobrachialis

this ligament houses the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii

transverse humeral ligament

this space provides a home for the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii

intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)

this touch fascial attachment connects the biceps tendon to the deep fascia of the forearm

bicipital aponeurosis

this artery and nerve pass together into the cubital fossa

median nerve and brachial artery

this is the home for the radial nerve behind the humerus

spiral groove

this nerve innervates the triceps brachii

radial nerve

proximal-most branch of the brachial artery, accompanies the radial nerve bedween the long and medial heads of the triceps brachii

profunda brachii artery

this is the home on the back of the humerus for the pointy-uppy part of the ulna

olecranon fossa

this is the medial articular surface of the distal humerus, articulating with the ulna

trochlea

this is the lateral articular surface on the distal humerus, articulating with the radius

capitulum

bumpy thing near the head of the radius, insertion point for biceps brachii

radial tuberosity

distal-most point of radius

styloid process

proximal-most portion of posterior ulna

olecranon

proximal-most portion of anterior ulna

coronoid process

distal-most portion of ulna

styloid process

this carpal articulates with the radial styloid process

scaphoid

this bone articulates with the radius, and sits just medial to the scaphoid

lunate

this bone sits posterior to the pisiform

triquetrium

this bone is the palpable carpal on the anteriomedial wrist

pisiform

this carpal articulates with the first metacarpal

trapezium

this bone articulates with the second metacarpal

trapezoid

this carpal articulates with the third metacarpal

capitate

this carpal articulates with the fourth and fifth metacarpals

hamate

do your hand diagram for the superficial flexors, what's your thumb

pronator teres

do your hand diagram for the superficial flexors, what's your index finger

flexor carpi radialis

do your hand diagram for the superficial flexors, what's your middle finger

palmaris longus

do your hand diagram for the superficial flexors, what's your ring finger

flexor carpi ulnaris

forearm muscle that inserts on radius and originates on humerus

brachioradialis

brachial artery terminates into

radial and ulnar arteries

this branch of this nerve innervates the brachioradialis

superficial branch of radial nerve

this branch of this nerve innervates the supinator

deep branch of radial nerve

this muscle wraps around the neck of the radius

supinator

this is the large muscle just deep to the superficial flexors

flexor digitorum superficialis

this branch of the median nerve innervates the deep muscles of the forearm, branching off just as the median passes between the heads of pronator teres

anterior interosseous nerve

large digital flexor deep to flexor digitorum superficialis

flexor digitorum profundus

this deep anterior forearm muscle lies parallel to the radius and inserts on the thumb

flexor pollicis longus

this muscle runs horizontally across the distal anterior forearm

pronator quadratus

strictly sensory branch of ulnar nerve

dorsal

branch of ulnar nerve that serves both sensory and motor

superficial branch

artery that arises off ulnar artery and serves middle forearm

common interosseous artery

branches of common interosseous artery

anterior and posterior

tough fibrous tissue in palm

palmar aponeurosis

artery and nerve that passes between pisiform and hook of hamate

ulnar artery (at beginning of superficial palmar arch) and ulnar nerve

space between pisiform and hook of hamate

Guyon's space (canal)

arteries that feed the fingers off of the superficial palmar arch

common digital arteries

lateral continuation of superficial palmar arch

superficial palmar branch of the radial artery

superficial most palmar hypothenar

abductor digiti minimi

middle palmar hypthenar

flexor digiti minimi brevis

deepest palmar hypothenar

opponens digiti minimi

this nerve innervates the hypothenars

ulnar

hand muscles that attach to the fifth digit

hypothenars

hand muscles that attach to lateral thumb

thenars

superficial most palmar thenar

abductor pollicis brevis

lateral most palmar thenar

opponens pollicis

medial most palmar thenar

adductor pollicis

thenar between abductor pollicis brevis and adductor pollicis

flexor pollicis brevis

the only thenar not innervated by the median nerve is: and is innervated by

adductor pollicis, ulnar nerve

superficial branch of ulnar nerve branches into

palmar branches and deep branches

this branch of the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve is sensory

palmar

this branch of the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve innervates hand intrinsics

deep

this tendon attaches to the pisiform, hook of hamate, and the tubercles of the scaphoid and trapezium

flexor retinaculum

this branch of the median nerve supplies the thenars

recurrent

these branches of the median nerve innervate the finges

digital branches

this branch of the radial artery serves the thenars

superficial

this branch of the radial artery passes through the snuffbox

deep

the deep branch of the radial artery passes between the two heads of this muscle

first dorsal interosseous

this muscle forms the back wall of the thenar web space

first dorsal interosseous

this surrounds the flexor tendons as they pass through the carpal tunnel

synovial sheath

this keeps flexor tendons in the correct position and prevents bowstringing

osseofibrous digital tunnel

split of flexor digitorum superficialis tendon allowing flexor digitorum profundis tendon to pass to distal phalanx

Camper's chiasm

this muscle originates on palmar metacarpals and inserts on the extensor expansion of its finger

lumbricals

this is the location of the insertion of the lumbricals

extensor expansion

these muscles adduct the phalanges

palmar interossei

these muscles abduct the fingers

dorsal interossei

This muscle sits just lateral to the brachioradialis and inserts on the wrist

extensor carpi radialis longus

this muscle sits deep to the extensor carpi radialis longus

extensor carpi radialis brevis

this muscle shares an origin with the extensor digitorum, runs laterally to ED, and inserts on the carpals

extensor carpi ulnaris

this muscle sits between the extensor carpi ulnaris and extensor carpi radialis longus, inserts on the digits

extensor digitorum

this muscle sits between extensor digitorum and extensor carpi ulnaris, and inserts on the 5th digit

extensor digiti minimi

this muscle connects the radius and ulna on the proximal dorsal forearm

anconeous

this muscle runs horizontally in the deep posterior forearm

supinator

this muscle originates on the distal ulna and inserts on the second digit

extensor indicis

the tendons of these two muscles define the anatomical snuffbox, listed medial to lateral

extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis

this muscle's tendon rides just lateral to the extensor pollicis longus

abductor pollicis longus

this nerve and artery run between the superficial and deep muscle groups of the posterior forearm

posterior interosseous nerve and artery

this nerve is often found emerging at the inferior border of the supinator

posterior interosseous nerve

this is the deep fascia under which all extensor tendons run

extensor retinaculum

extensor tendons wrapping around a phalanx

extensor expansion

these muscles abduct the fingers

dorsal interosseous

these anterior muscles insert on the extensor expansion

lumbricals

this band of the extensor expansion attaches to the middle phalanx

central band

this band of the extensor expansion attaches to the distal phalanx

lateral bands