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HSF+D > Histology Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Histology Connective Tissue Flashcards

0
Q

two categories of dense connective tissue

A

regular and irregular

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1
Q

two broad categories of connective tissue proper

A

loose and dense

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2
Q

three types of specialized connective tissue

A

blood, bone, cartilage

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3
Q

loose connective tissue matrix contains

A

loosely arranged collagen fibers, many cells

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4
Q

many cells: which type of connective tissue

A

loose

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5
Q

few cells, which type of connective tissue

A

dense

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6
Q

problem with healing for dense connective tissue

A

poorly vascularized

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7
Q

cell that forms and maintains extracellular matrix

A

fibroblast

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8
Q

long unbraided polysaccharides, repeating disaccharide units

A

glycosaminoglycancs

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9
Q

protein core with at least one glycosaminoglycan covalently bound

A

proteoglycans

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10
Q

charged fiber in basal lamina of epithelial cells

A

proteoglycans

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11
Q

these molecules help attach cells to ECM

A

adhesive glycoproteins

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12
Q

these molecules alter the growth, survival, morphology, differentiation and motility of cells

A

adhesive glycoproteins

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13
Q

fibronectin is a

A

glycoprotein

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14
Q

most abundant protein in the animal kingdom

A

collagen

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15
Q

collagen chains associate into a _____ handed _____ ______

A

right-handed triple helix

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16
Q

every third amino acid in collagen is a

A

glycine

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17
Q

procallagen chains are _______ until after they leave the cell

A

soluble

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18
Q

proteases that cleave procollagen chains to render them insoluble

A

C and N propeptidase

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19
Q

once insoluble, procollagen is now called

A

tropocollagen

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20
Q

tropocollagen molecules spontaneously assemble into

A

collagen fibrils

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21
Q

enzyme that crosslinks collagen fibrils into fibers

A

lysyl oxidase

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22
Q

fibrous connective tissue surrounding cartilage

A

perichondrium

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23
Q

inner layer of perichondrium

A

chondrogenic layer

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24
vascularity of cartilage
avascular
25
immature cartilage cell
chondroblast
26
mature cartilage cells in matrix or lacunae
chondrocyte
27
cells that change into chondroblasts as needed
osteoprogenitor cells
28
list three types of cartilage
hyaline, elastic, fibrous
29
type of cartilage without perichondrium
fibrous
30
type of collagen within hyaline and elastic cartilage
type II
31
type of collagen in fibrous cartilage
type I
32
type of cartilage with lots of water
hyaline
33
type of cartilage in articular cartilage
hyaline
34
type of cartilage in ear and epiglottis
elastic
35
this cartilage resembles dense fibrous connective tissue
fibrous
36
type of cartilage found in intervertebral disks, menisci, pubic symphysis
fibrous
37
bone cells live in
lacunae
38
vascular difference between bone and cartilage
bone is highly vascular | cartilage is avascular
39
two classes of marrow
red and yellow
40
other name for organic material in bone
osteoid
41
95% of organic portion of bone
type I collagen
42
crystalline structure of Ca in bone
hydroxyapatite
43
osteoprogenitor differentiates into ______ when you need some bone
osteoblast
44
newly formed bone is called
primary or woven
45
woven bone is remodeled into
secondary or lamellar bone
46
osteocytes hang out in
canaliculi
47
what's the fancy word for osteocytes stimulating remodeling when there is force on the bone?
mechanotransduction
48
bone degraders that are important to keep bone healthy
osteoclasts
49
primary transporty part of compact bone
Haversian canal
50
center of Haversian canal
blood vessel
51
large transverse canals in haversian systems
volkmanns canals
52
outer layers of bone
circumferential lamellae
53
visualize a cutting cone
osteoclasts munching away a tunnel, osteoblasts putting it back together
54
list 3 stages of bone repair
inflammatory/reactive reparative remodeling
55
timeframe of inflammatory/reactive phase of bone repair
1-7 days
56
timeframe of reparative phase of bone repair
2-12 weeks
57
timeframe of remodeling phase of bone repair
months to years
58
hematoma found in this phase of bone repair
inflammatory, reactive
59
formation of granulation tissue found in this phase of bone repair
inflammatory reactive
60
bone repair phase with replacement of granulation tissue with hyaline cartilage
reparative phase
61
name for hyaline cartilage bandage on broken bone
soft callus
62
woven bone replaces soft callus in this stage of bone repair
reparative
63
woven bone becomes lamellar bone in this phase of bone repair
remodeling
64
synovial fluid is derived from blood plasma, but has lots of
hyaluronic acid
65
crank up the PTH, what happens to bone
more bone dissolution by osteoclasts
66
crank up the calcitonin, what happens to bone?
opposes PTH, reduces osteoclast activity
67
what do androgens and estrogen do to bone?
stimulate osteoblasts, closure of epiphysis, increased bone thickness
68
lack of estrogen and weight bearing exercise, effect on bones
osteoporosis, pathologic fractures

HSF+D (10 decks)

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