Lab 9 - Appendicular Muscles Flashcards
Action and attachment of serratus anterior:
Action: Draws scapula laterally and forward (forward-reaching and pushing actions)
Attachment: All ribs and medial border of scapula
Action and attachment of trapezius:
Action: Stabilizes scapula and shoulder during arm movements; elevates and depresses apex of shoulder
Attachment: Base of skull, cervical and thoracic portion of the spine, scapula, and clavicle
Action and attachment of deltoid:
Action: Anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm; lateral fibers abduct arm; posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm
Attachment: Clavicle, scapula, and humerus
Action and attachment of teres major:
Action: Extends and medially rotates humerus
Attachment: Inferior angle of scapula and intertubercular groove of humerus
Action and attachment of latissimus dorsi:
Action: Adducts and medially rotates humers; extends shoulder joint; backswing
Attachment: T7-L5, lower 3-4 ribs, and iliac crest
Action and attachment of pectoralis major:
Action: Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates humerus; deep inspriation
Attachment: Medial half of clavicle, costal cartilages 1-7
Action and attachment of supraspinatus:
Action: Aids deltoid in abduction of arm, resists downward slippage of humeral head
Attachment: Supraspinous fossa (scapula) and greater tubercle of humerus
Action and attachment of infraspinatus:
Action: Modulates action of deltoid, resists upward slippage of the humeral head, rotates humerus laterally
Attachment: Infraspinous fossa, greater tubercle
Action and attachment of teres minor:
Action: Modulates action of deltoid, prevents upward slippage of humeral head, rotates humerus laterally
Attachment: Scapula, greater tubercle
Action and attachment of subscapularis:
Action: Modulates action of deltoid, prevents upward slippage of humeral head as arm is abducted, rotates humerus medially
Attachment: Subscapular fossa, less tubercle
Action and attachments of brachialis:
Action: Prime mover of elbow flexion
Attachment: Anterior surface of distal end of humerus, coronoid process (ulna)
Action and attachment of biceps brachii:
Action: Supination of forearm
Attachment: Long head inserts into glenoid cavity; short head inserts into coracoid process (scapula)
Action and attachment of triceps brachii:
Action: Extends elbow; long head extends and adducts humerus
Attachment: Glenoid cavity (scapula), proximal end of humerus, olecranon
Action and attachment of brachioradialis:
Action: Flexes elbow
Attachment: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Action and attachment of pronator quadratus:
Action: Forearm protonation
Attachment: Anterior surface of distal ulna and radius
Action and attachment of protnator teres:
Action: Assists in protonation
Attachment: Humeral shaft near medial epicondyle, coronoid process (ulna)
Action and attachment of supinator:
Action: Supinates forearm
Attachment: Lateral epicondyle (humerus), supinator crest (ulna)
Action and attachment of flexor carpi radialis:
Action: Flexes wrist anteriorly, aids in radial flexion of wrist
Attachment: Medial condyle (humerus), base of metacarpals 2-3
Action and attachment of flexor carpi ulnaris:
Action: Flexes wrist anteriorly, aids in ulnar flexion of wrist
Attachment: Medial epicondyle (humerus), olecranon
Action and attachment of palmaris longus:
Action: Anchors skin and fascia of palmar region
Attachment: Medial epicondyle, flexor retinaculum
Action and attachment of flexor digitorum superficialis:
Action: Flexes wrist, intercarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
Attachment: Medial epicondyle, coronoid process (ulna)
Action and attachment of flexor digitorum profundis:
Action: Flexes wrist
Attachment: Proximal 3/4 of ulna, coronoid process (ulna)
Action and attachment of flexor pollicis longus:
Action: Flexes phalanges of thumb
Attachment: Radius and distal phalanx 1
Action and attachment of extensor carpi radialis longus:
Action: Extends wrist, aids in radial flexion of wrist
Attachment: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Action and attachment of extensor carpi radialis brevis:
Action: Extends wrists; aids in radial flexion of wrist
Attachment: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Action and attachment of extensor digitorum:
Action: Extends wrist and finger joints, spreads digits apart
Attachment: Lateral epicondyle
Action and attachment of extensor digiti minimi:
Action: Extends wrist and all joints of little finger
Attachment: Lateral epicondyle
Action and attachment of extensor carpi ulnaris:
Action: Extends and fixes wrist when fist is clenched
Attachment: Lateral epicondyle
Action and attachment of abductor pollicis longus:
Action: Abducts thumb in frontal plane
Attachment: Posterior surfaces if radius and ulna
Action and attachment of extensor pollicis brevis:
Action: Extends metacarpal 1 and proximal phalanx of thumb
Attachment: Shaft of radius
Action and attachment of extensor pollicis longus:
Action: Extends distal phalanx 1, adducts and laterally extends thumb
Attachment: Posterior surface of ulna
Action and attachment of extensor indicis:
Action: Extends wrist and index finger
Attachment: Posterior surface of ulna
Action and attachment of adductor pollicis:
Action: Draws thumb toward palm; gripping tools
Attachment: Capitate, anterior ligaments of wrist
Action and attachment of abductor pollicis brevis:
Action: Abducts thumb in sagittal plane
Attachment: Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, trapezium
Action and attachment of flexor pollicis brevis:
Action: Flexes metacarpophalangeal joint of thumn
Attachment: Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate
Action and attachment of opponens pollicis:
Action: Flexes metacarpal 1 to oppose thumb to fingertips
Attachment: Trapezium
Action and attachment of abductor digiti minimi:
Action: Abducts little finger; spreads fingers
Attachment: Pisiform
Action and attachment of flexor digiti minimi brevis:
Action: Flexes little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint
Attachment: Hamulus of hamate
Action and attachment of opponens digiti minimi;
Action: Flexes metacarpal V at carpometacarpal joint
Attachment: Hamulus of hamate
Action and attachment of gluteus maximus:
Action: Extends thigh at hip, abducts thigh, elevates trunk after stooping
Attachment: Iliac crest, latera condyle of tibia
Action and attachment of gluteus medius:
Action: Abduct and medially rotate thigh
Attachment: Posterior gluteal line of ilium, coccyx, gluteal tuberosity (femur)
Action and attachment of gluteus minimus:
Action: Abduct the hip, medially rotate thigh
Attachment: Ilium and femur
Action and attachment of adductor brevis:
Action: Adducts thigh
Attachment: Body and inferior ramus of pubis, linea aspera (femur)
Action and attachment of adductor longus:
Action: Adducts and medially rotates thigh, flexes thigh at hip
Attachment: Body and inferior ramus of pubis, linea aspera (femur)
Action and attachment of adductor magnus:
Action: Adducts and medially rotates thigh, extends thigh at hip
Attachment: Inferior ramus of pubis, ischial tuberosity, linea aspera
Action and attachment of gracilis:
Action: Flexes and medially rotates tibia at knee
Attachment: Body and inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
Action and attachment of pectineus:
Action: Flexes and adducts thigh
Attachment: Superior ramus of pubis, spiral line (femur)
Action and attachment of piriformis:
Action: Laterally rotates extended thigh; abducts flexed thigh
Attachment: Anterior surface of sacrum, gluteal surface of ilium
Action and attachment of sartorius:
Action: Aids in knee flexion, abducts and laterally rotates thigh
Attachment: Anterior superior spine of ilium, proximal end of tibia
Action and attachment of quadriceps femoris:
Action: Extends the knee
Attachment: Patella, tibial tuberosity, lateral and medial condyles of tibia
Action and attachment of rectus femoris:
Action: Extends knee, flexes thigh at hip
Attachment: Ilium, acetabulum
Action and attachment of vastus lateralis:
Action: Extends knee, retains patella in groove on femur during knee movements
Attachment: Greater trochanter (femur), gluteal tuberosity
Action and attachment of vastus medialis:
Action: Extends knee, retains patella in groove on femur during knee movements
Attachment: Greater trochanter (femur), gluteal tuberosity
Action and attachment of vastus intermedius:
Action: Extends knee
Attachment: Anterior and lateral surfaces of femoral shaft
Action and attachment of tibialis anterior:
Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot, resists backward tipping of body
Attachment: Lateral condyle and tibia
Action and attachment of extensor digitorum longus:
Action: Extends toes, dorsiflexion
Attachment: Lateral condyle of tibia and shaft of fibula
Action and attachment of extensor hallucis longus:
Action: Extends great toe
Attachment: Anterior surface of fibula
Action and attachment of fibularis (peroneus) longus:
Action: Maintains concavity of sole during tip-toeing
Attachment: Head and lateral surface of proximal end of fibula
Action and attachment of fibularis (peroneus) brevis:
Action: Maintains concavity of sole during tip-toeing
Attachment: Lateral surface of distal end of fibula
Action and attachment of gastrocnemius:
Action: Plantar flexion, flexes knee
Attachment: Condyles, popliteal surface, calcaneus
Action and attachment of soleus:
Action: Plantar flexion
Attachment: Posterior surface of fibula, tibia, and calcaneus
Action and attachment of flexor hallucis longus:
Action: Same as flexor digitorum longus, but for hallux
Attachment: Distal end of fibula, and hallux
Action and attachment of flexor digitorum longus:
Action: Flexes phalanges of digits 2-5
Attachment: Posterior surface of tibial shaft
Action and attachment of tibialis posterior:
Action: Inverts foot
Attachment: Tibia, fibula, navicular
Define baseball finger:
Tears in the extensor tendons of the fingers
Define blocker’s arm:
Abnormal calcification in the lateral margin of the forearm
Define charley horse:
Any pain ful tear, stiffness, and blood blotting in a muscle; usually in the quadriceps femoris
Define pitcher’s arm:
Inflammation at the proximal attachment of the flexor carpi muscles
Define pulled groin:
Strain in the adductor muscles of the thigh; usually caused by splits or high kicks
Define pulled hamstrings:
Strained hamstring muscles or a partial tear in their tendons
Define tennis elbow:
Inflammation at the proximal attachment of the extensor carpi muscles on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus
