Lab 9 Flashcards
Properties of Neuroglia that neurons don’t have
They don’t form/ don’t have synapses, can divide, less excitable
% of cells in CNS that are neuroglia
80-90
Microglia cells
Immune cells of CNS, clean up crew
Ependymal cells
Produce and circulate cerebral spinal fluid in spaces around brain/spinal cord
Oligodendrocytes
Produce myelin in CNS
Astrocytes
Support directly, provide physical barrier between cells, maintain ionic equilibrium of ECM, modify chemical environment of neighboring cells
Multipolar neuron
Dendrites coming directly off cell body, axon extending normally
Example: motor neuron
Bipolar neuron
Cell body in the middle and long extensions from either side reaching to the dendrites and axon
Example: olfactory and retinal
Unipolar neuron
Cell body is a central extension off a long axon. Axon has receptive and terminating Ends on either side.
Example: dorsal root ganglion cell
What is in the white matter of spinal cord
Myelinated axons
Somatic sensory neuron
Afferent,
Skin, fascia, joints, muscles
Visceral sensory neuron
Afferent
Internal organs
Autonomic motor neuron
Efferent
Involuntary nervous system
Smooth and cardiac muscle
Somatic motor neuron
Efferent
Voluntary skeletal muscles
Endoneurium
Connective tissues covering of a single neural axon in a nerve
Perineurium
Connective tissue lining covering a bundle of neurons. Together forms a fascicle
Epineurium
Connective tissue covering of many fascicles and blood vessels
Prosencephalon
Forebrain. Turns into cerebrum and diencephalon
Mesencephalon
Midbrain. Turns into brain stem
Rhombencephalon
Hind brain. Turns into cerebellum, pins and medulla oblongata of brain stem and spinal cord
Cranial nerve 1
Olfactory
Afferent
Tissue: Nose
Smell
Cranial nerve 2
Optic
Afferent
Tissue: Retina
Vision
Cranial nerve 3
Oculomotor
Efferent
Tissue: eye ball
Control eye movement
Cranial nerve 4
Trochlear
Efferent
Tissue: superior oblique
Moves eyeball
Cranial nerve 5
Trigeminal
Mixed
Tissue: face
Sensory nerve of face, provides sensation
Cranial nerve 6
Abducens
Efferent
Tissue: lateral recurs muscle
Abducts eyeball
Cranial nerve 7
Facial
Mixed
Tissue: middle ear, nasal cavity, lacrimal, submandibular
Control facial movement and expression
Cranial nerve 8
Vestibulocochlear
Mostly sensory (Afferent)
Tissue: ear
Hearing and balance
Cranial nerve 9
Glossopharyngeal
Mixed
Pharyngeal muscles
Swallowing
Cranial nerve 10
Vagus
Mixed
Parasympathetic nervous system
Controls major bodily functions (involuntary)
Cranial nerve 11
Accessory
Efferent
Muscle of sternonucleidomastoid and trapezius
Controls head movement
Cranial nerve 12
Hypoglossal
Efferent
Tongue
Motor neuron that controls speech and swallowing
