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A&P Lab > Lab 4 > Flashcards

Lab 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Types of joint classification

A

Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

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2
Q

Structural characteristics of fibrous joints

A

Adjoining bones connected by dense fibrous connective tissue, no joint cavity

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3
Q

Structural characteristics of cartilaginous joints

A

Adjoining bones united by cartilage, no joint cavity

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4
Q

Structural characteristics of synovial joints

A

Adjoining bones covered in articular cartilage; separated by a joint cavity and enclosed in an articular capsule lined with a synovial membrane (fluid)

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5
Q

Structural types of fibrous joints

A

suture (short fibers, ex. suture in brain), syndesmosis (longer fibers, ex. tib/fib), Gomphosis (periodontal ligament, ex. tooth in bony socket)

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6
Q

Structural types of cartilaginous joints

A

Synchondrosis (hyaline, ex. costal cartilage to rib), symphyses fibrocartilage, ex. intervertebral discs), symphysis (pubic symph, fibrocart)

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7
Q

Structural types of synovial joints

A

Plane, hinge, pivot, condylar, saddle, ball-and-socket

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8
Q

Functional classification of suture

A

Synarthrosis (NO MOVE)

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9
Q

Functional classification of synchondrosis

A

Synarthrosis (NO MOVE)

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10
Q

Functional classification of all synovial joints

A

Diarthrosis (freely move)

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11
Q

Flexion

A

reducing joint angle
Head going forward, body lean forward, heal come back, arm forward

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12
Q

Extension

A

increasing joint angle/returning to neutral from flexion
Head moving back to neut
standing up straight
arm moving back
leg straightening

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13
Q

Hyperextension

A

one step past extension, extending further in the direction of extension past neutral

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14
Q

Abduction

A

moving away form the midline
arm going away

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15
Q

Adduction

A

“Adding arm to body”; moving closer to trunk

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16
Q

Circumduction

A

arm circles

17
Q

Rotation, lateral and medial

A

spin
lateral: turning to the outside
Medial: turning back to center

18
Q

Plane joint

A

Flat or slightly curved bones, nonaxial gliding motion
Ex: Intertarsal, intercarpal joints

19
Q

Hinge joint

A

Rounded or cylindrical bone fits into concave surface on the other bone; uniaxial, flexion and extension
Ex: elbow, interphalangeal joints

20
Q

Pivot joint

A

Rounded bone fits into a sleeve (concave bone + ligament); uniaxial, rotation
Ex: Proximal radioulnar, atlantoaxial

21
Q

Condylar joint

A

Oval condyle fits into an oval depression on the other bone; biaxial, flexion, extension, adduction, abduction
Ex: metacarpophalangeal (knuckle), radiocarpal

22
Q

Saddle joint

A

Articulating surfaces are addle shaped, one concave one convex; biaxial, flexion, extension, adduction, abduction
Ex: Carpometacarpal of thumb

23
Q

Ball-and-socket

A

Ball-shaped head of one bone fits into the cuplike depression of the other bone; multiaxial: flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation
Ex: shoulder, hip

24
Q

Acromial calavicular joint

A

Acromion of scapula and clavicle, synovial plane
Diarthrotic (plane): gliding and rotation of scapula on calvicle

25
Q

Shoulder (glenohumeral) Joint

A

Scapula and humerus
Synovial ball-socket
Diarthrotic (ball-socket): multiaxial flexion, extension, adduction, circumduction, rotation of humerus

26
Q

Elbow joint

A

Ulna (and radius) with humerus
Synovial hinge
Diarthrotic: uniaxial flexion, extension of forearm

27
Q

Proximal radioulnar joint

A

Radius and ulna
Synovial pivot
Diarthrotic: uniaxial pivot head of radius rotates in radial notch of ulna

28
Q

Distal radioulnar joint

A

Radius and ulna
Synovial pivot (with articular disc)
Diarthrotic: uniaxial rotation of radius allows pronation and supination

29
Q

Wrist

A

Radius and proximal carpals
Synovial condylar
Diarthrotic: biaxial, flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction of hand

30
Q

Intercarpal

A

adjacent carpals
Synovial plane
Diarthrotic: gliding

31
Q

Carpometacarpal of digit I (thumb)

A

Carpal (trapezium) and metacarpal I
Synovial saddle
Diarthrotic: biaxial, flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, opposition of metacarpal I

32
Q

Functional classification of syndesmosis

A

Amphiarthrosis (slightly moveable)

33
Q

Functional classification of gomphosis

A

synarthrosis (No move)

34
Q

functional classification of symphysis

A

amphiarthrosis (slight movement)

35
Q

functional classification of symphyses

A

amphiarthrosis (basically no movement)

36
Q

Components of a synovial joint

A

Joint cavity (synovial fluid), articular (hyaline) cartilage, fibrous layer and synovial membrane (articular capsule)

A&P Lab (8 decks)

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