Lab 7 Flashcards
Iliopsoas- Iliacus and psoas major
Origin: iliacus- iliac fossa and crest, lateral sacrum. Psoas major- transverse process, bodies, and discs of T12 and lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: on or just below lesser trochanter of femur
Action: Flex trunk at hip joint, flex thigh, lateral flextion of vertebral column
Sartorius
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: by an aproneurosis into medial aspect of proximal tibia
Action: flex, abduct, and laterally rotate thigh, flex leg
Adductors (Magnus, longus, and brevis)
Origin: Magnus- ischial and pubic rami and ischial tuberosity. Longus- pubis near pubic symphysis. Brevis- body and inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: Magnus- linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur. Longus & brevis- Linea aspera
Action: adducts and medially rotate and flex thigh
Pectineus
Origin: pectineal line of pubis (and superior pubic ramus)
Insertion: inferior from lesser trochanter to linea aspera of femur
Action: adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
Gracilis
Origin: inferior ramus and body of pubis
Insertion: medial surface of tibia just inferior to medial condyle
Action: adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
Rectus Femoris (Quadriceps femoris)
Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine and superior margin of acetabulum
Insertion: tibial tuberosity and patella
Action: extend leg and flex thigh
Vastus lateralis (Quadriceps femoris)
Origin: greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and linea aspera
Insertion: tibial tuberosity and patella
Action: extends leg and stabilize knee
Vastus medialis (Quadriceps femoris)
Origin: linea aspera and intertrochanteric line
Insertion: tibial tuberosity and patella
Action: extend leg and stabilize patella
Vastus intermedius (Quadriceps femoris)
Origin: anterior and lateral surface of femur
Insertion: tibial tuberosity and patella
Action: extend leg
Tensor fascia lata
Origin: anterior aspect of iliac crest, and anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: illiotibial tract (lateral fascia lata)
Action: steadies trunk
Gluteus Maximus
Origin: dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
Insertion: gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract
Action: powerful thigh extensor
Gluteus medius
Origin: upper lateral surface of ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh
Gluteus minimus
Origin: external inferior surface of ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: abducts and medially rotates thigh
Piriformis
Origin: anterior sacrum, gluteal surface of ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: laterally rotates thigh, thigh abduction
Superior Gemellus
Origin: ischial spine
Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
Action: laterally rotates thigh, thigh abduction
Obturator internus
Origin: inner surface of the obturator membrane, bony boundaries of obturator foramen
Insertion: medially surface of greater trochanter of femur
Action: laterally rotates thigh, abduction of flexed thigh
Inferior Gemellus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
Action: laterally rotates thigh, thigh abduction
Quadratus femoris
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur
Action: laterally rotates thigh
Biceps femoris (hamstring)
Origin: long head- ischial tuberosity, short head- linea aspera and distal femur
Insertion: tendon passes laterally to insert into head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
Action: extend thigh, flex leg
Semitendinosus (hamstring)
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial aspect of upper tibial shaft
Action: extend thigh, flex leg
Semimembranosus (hamstring)
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial condyle of tibia, lateral condyle of femur
Action: extend thigh, flex leg
Fibularis (peroneus) longus
Origin: head and upper portion of fibula
Insertion: by long tendon under foot to metatarsal 1 and medial cuneiform
Action: plantar flexes and everts foot
Fibularis (peroneus) brevis
Origin: distal portion of fibula shaft
Insertion: by tendon running behind lateral malleolus to insert on proximal end of metatarsal 5
Action: plantar flexes and everts foot
Tibialis anterior
Origin: lateral condyle and upper 2/3 of tibia, interosseous membrane
Insertion: by tendon into inferior surface of first cuneiform and metatarsal 1
Action: prime mover of dorsiflexion
Extensor digitorum longus
Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, proximal 3/4 of fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: tendon divides into 4 parts, inserts into middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5
Action: prime mover of toe extension
Fibularis (peroneus) tertius
Origin: Distal anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Tendon inserts on dorsum of metatarsal 5
Action: Dorsiflexes and everts foot
Extensor hallucis longus
Origin: Anteriomedial shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Tendon inserts on distal phalanx of great toe
Action: Extends great toe
Gastrocnemius (Triceps surae)
Origin: By two heads from medial and lateral condyles of femur
Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Action: plantar flexes foot
Soleus (Triceps surae)
Origin: Proximal portion of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Action: plantar flexion
Popliteus
Origin: Lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus
Insertion: proximal tibia
Action: Flexes and rotates leg medially to unlock the knee when leg flexion begins
Tibialis posterior
Origin: superior portion of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: tendon passes obliquely behind medial malleoulus and under arch of foot, inserts into several tarsals and metatarsals 2-4
Action: prime mover of foot inversion
Flexor digitorum longus
Origin: posterior surface of tibia
Insertion: distal phalanges of toes 2-5
Action: Flexes toes, plantar flexes and inverts foot
Flexor hallucis longus
Origin: middle portion of fibula shaft, interosseous membrane
Insertion: tendon runs under foot to distal phalanx of great toe
Action: Flexes great toe, plantar flexes and inverts foot
What is EMG
electromyogrphy; the electrical signal recorded from a contracting muscle. Depicts the timing and pattern of muscle activity during complex movements.
Why is EMG waveform irregular and electrocardiogram is discrete?
EMG measures muscular activity which is not as steady of a rhythm as pulse
What happens to biceps EMG when weight is added
Baseline fro the RMS went up and EMG signal increased
Coactivation
The antagonist muscle is activated when the agonist is working. Thought to stabilize the joint
What happens to triceps EMG when bicep is activated
It also spiked (not quite as much) which is evidence of coactivation
