Lab 5.10 Acinetobacter and Leptospira Flashcards
what are the characteristics of Acinetobacter app.; what type of pathogen, resistance, genes
- Low grade opportunistic pathogen, commensal or environmental organism
- Naturally resistant to most antimicrobials
- Acquires resistance genes promiscuously
- A in the ESKAPE organisms (multidrug resistant hospital-associated pathogens)
- Emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen in recent years (soldiers returning from Iraq and Afghanistan)
What is the clinical relevance of Acinetobacter in animal health?
A. baumannii was the most common species and was significantly associated with systemic infections; deserves attention in clinical practice
A. baumannii from dogs were more likely to present multidrug resistant phenotypes, highlighting the presence of resistant Acinetobacter in the human environment
why is leptospirosis an iceberg disease?
many animals do not show clinical signs
what is the seasonality of lepto?
Leptospirosis has a seasonal distribution (late summer to fall), and rainfall can be used to predict the occurrence of leptospirosis.
increased moisture and humidity also help to grow pathogenic leptospires
what is a paired serum sample
Two serum samples taken of a patient usually at 2 weeks apart.
how effective are vaccines for leptospirosis?
effective against serovars targetted but not others
Why did leptospirosis increase in dogs in Canada?
- Climate change=> new serovars??
- Things were “under control”?
- New tests? More reports?
how could you get lepto from your dog?
most likely from urine
is lepto dangerous if you are pregnant?
yes, can cause abortion
are common disinfectants effective against lepto?
Yes, it is quite a sensitive bacteria
Bleach, Lysol, acid solutions, and iodine are deadly to the bacteria.
what is the risk of transmission of lepto after starting antibiotic therapy?
will shed for a few days (48-72h)
