5.13 lab Flashcards
Coxiella burnetii; what kind of pathogen, what cells it infects, gram stain, what tissue and animals
- Intracellular: macrophages, monocytes (Gram negative)
– Where? Mammary gland, genital tract ruminants, cats - Carriers: cattle, sheep, goats (but broad host range)
Coxiella burnetii; how is it passed on? does it die easily?
- Persists in carrier females, subclinically=>released in massive quantities around parturition
- Birth fluids, milk, urine, feces +++
- Highly persistent “endospore-like” form
- Biological warfare and bioterrorism agent
Coxiella burnetii diseases in animals
- Disease often subclinical in animals
- May cause placentitis and abortion sheep, goats, cattle (cats, rabbits)
Coxiella burnetii in humans; what disease and how is it transmitted?
- Cause Q fever (Q = Query??)
- Zoonosis: febrile influenza-like illness, sometimes pneumonia, hepatitis, abortion, endocarditis, chronic fatigue
- People associated with parturient animals
– Veterinarians, farmers, slaughterhouse workers at risk - Dust important for transmission
Coxiella burnetii: diagnosis
- Diagnosis: IFA, direct demonstration in infected tissue, PCR
Coxiella burnetii: treatment
tetracyclines
Coxiella burnetii: control
Control: hygiene approaches (at risk animals, isolation); education, early diagnosis; vaccination of humans at risk;
– Potential for animal vaccination (not licensed in Canada?)
what do we send to the lab to test for Q fever? what will they do with it?
-placenta
-any other liquid that is available
>send for PCR >best
-can stain placenta with acid fast
-can do IFA
If the lab confirms that this is indeed Q fever, what will you suggest to Tom and Mary to do to avoid further abortions in their herd?
-isolate infected animals
-try to treat infected
-test animals
-cull
> Q fever persists well in environment
Since they are concerned about transmission to humans, what will you tell them to do about protecting humans?
-no immunocompromised people should handle animals
-masks
-proper hygeine, but endospores can still survive
-vaccination
-avoid consumption of raw milk and cheese
- What is your list of differentials for ovine abortion?
Coxiella burnetii
Brucella melitensis
Brucella ovis
Chlamydia abortus
Leptospira interrogans
Listeria monocytogenes
list of differentials for bovine abortion
Brucella abortus
Chlamydia abortus
Leptospira interrogans
Listeria monocytogenes
when is potomac horse fever a problem?
summer and fall - when aquatic insexcts are out
is potomac horse fever a zoonosis?
no
seasonality of psittacosis?
no, year round
