Lab 32-33-34 Animal Development and Ecosystems Flashcards
Fertilzed egg
Zygote
Fertilized egg divides and cleaves to become
- Morula
- Blastula
- Gastrula
Solid ball of cells
Morula
Hollow ball of cells
Blastula
Fluid filled cavity
Blastocoel
Double walled structure with ectoderm and endoderm
Gastrula
Germ layers give rise to different tissues and systems
- Ectoderm
- Endoderm
- Mesoderm
What does the ectoderm become?
Becomes nervous system, skin and accessory structures (hair, nails, scales, and feathers)
What does the endoderm become?
forms lining of digestive and respiratory system
What does the mesoderm become?
forms cardiovascular , muscular, reproductive and skeletal systems and connective tissue
Development requires three stages
- Cells divide
- Differentiation
- Morphogenesis
Cells get larger, divide again
Cells Divide
Cells become specialized in function
Differentiation
When body parts become shaped and patterned into a certain form
Morphogenesis
Energy pyramid consists of
- Producers
- First order consumers
- Second order consumers
- Third order consumers
Number of organisms _______ as you go up the pyramid
Decrease
Something added to environment that has an undesirable outcome on all living things
Pollutant
________ becomes magnified as you move up the food chain
Effect
Causes of aquatic pollution
- Thermal pollution
- Acid deposition
- Cultural eutrophication
Water temp rises, dissolved oxygen decreases
Thermal Pollution
Kills aquatic invertebrates and decomposers
Acid Deposition
The process of cultural eutophication
- Pollutants enter the water due to run off from farms and sewage plants
- Rich in phosphates and nitrates
- Extra nutrients support growth of phytoplankton
- Results in overgrowth of algae
- Plants start dying
- Leads to decrease in oxygen
- Fish die
Both organisms benefit from living together
Mutualism
Only one member benefits and the other receives no benefit
Commensalism
One organism benefits and the other is harmed
Parasitism
A ball of cells about the same size as the original zygote
Morula
What does the endoderm form?
- Digestive
- Respiratory
What does the mesoderm form?
- Cardiovascular
- Reproductive
- Muscular
- Skeletal
What does the ectoderm become?
- Nervous system
- Skin
- Tissue Layers
- Blue color
Ectoderm
- Tissue layers
- Yellow
Endoderm
- Tissue layers
- Red
Pink
Where does the notochord come from?
Mesoderm
