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Biology 110 Lab > Lab 24-26-27 Vertebrates and Mammalian Anatomy > Flashcards

Lab 24-26-27 Vertebrates and Mammalian Anatomy Flashcards

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1
Q

Characteristics of Chordates

A
  1. Dorsal tubular nerve cord 2. Dorsal supporting rod - Notochord 3. Post anal tail 4. Pharyngeal pouches 5. Endostyle
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2
Q

Pharyngeal pouches become ______

A

Gill slits

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3
Q

Two subphylum of chordates

A
  1. Urochordata 2. Cephalochordata
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4
Q

Animal in Urochordata

A

Tunicates (Sea Squirts)

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5
Q

Have incurrent and excurrent siphons, and gill slits

A

Tunicates

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6
Q

Animal in Cephalochordata

A

Lancelet (Amphioxus)

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7
Q
  • Small, fishlike, shallow marine waters, burrow in bottom - Anterior end projects from sand
A

Lancelet (Amphioxus)

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8
Q

Characteristics of Vertebrates

A
  1. Vertebral column 2. Skull and cephalization 3. Bilateral symmetry 4. Segmented 5. Endoskeleton 6. Two pairs of appendages
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9
Q

All jawless fish

A

Superclass Agnatha

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10
Q

Means jaw mouth

A

Superclass Gnathostomata

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11
Q

Cartilaginous fish – sharks, skates, rays

A

Class Chondrichthyes

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12
Q

Bony fish – herring, salmon, sturgeon, eels

A

Osteichtyes

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13
Q

salamanders, newts, frogs, toads

A

Class Amphibia

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14
Q

snakes, lizards, turtles, tortoises

A

Class Reptilia

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15
Q

birds – sparrows, penguins, ostriches

A

Class Aves

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16
Q

Three types of animals under Mammalia

A
  1. Monotremes 2. Marsupials 3. Placental Mammals
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17
Q

Spiny anteater, duckbill platypus

A

Monotremes

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18
Q

Opossum, kangaroo

A

Marsupials

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19
Q

Whales, rodents, elephants, dogs, cats, horses, bats, humans

A

Placental Mammals

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20
Q

How many chambers does an Amphibian heart have?

A

Three chambers

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21
Q

Parts of an amphibian heart

A
  • Two atrium - One ventricle
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22
Q

What kind of circulation does an amphibian heart have?

A

Double loop circulation

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23
Q

Heart circulation pattern in amphibians

A

Heart pumps blood to both gills and body

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24
Q

How many chambers does a fish heart have?

A

Two chambers

25
Q

Parts of a fish heart

A
  • One atrium - One ventricle
26
Q

What kind of circulation does a fish heart have?

A

Single loop circulation

27
Q

Heart circulation pattern in fish

A

Blood pumped to gill region where gas exchange takes place

28
Q

How many chambers do mammals and birds have in their heart ?

A

Four chambers

29
Q

Parts of a mammal and bird heart

A
  • Two atrium - Two ventricle
30
Q

How does the heart circulation in amphibians and birds work?

A

Right side pumps blood to lungs, and the left side pumps blood to the entire body

31
Q

Respiration in amphibians

A

Breathe through their skin in water and lungs

32
Q

Amphibians have what kind of breathing?

A

Positive pressure breathing

33
Q

Swallows air and then pushes air into lungs

A

Positive pressure breathing

34
Q

How do fish breathe?

A

Breathes through gills to remove oxygen from water

35
Q

The respiratory cycle in fish

A
  1. Mouth 2. Pharynx 3. Gills 4. Capillaries
36
Q

How do birds breathe?

A

Have air sacs to pass air one way to lungs

37
Q

How do mammals breathe?

A

They have a diaphragm

38
Q

Mammals have what kind of breathing?

A

Negative pressure breathing

39
Q

Thorax expands, then air is drawn in

A

Negative pressure breathing

40
Q

Digestion in amphibians

A
  1. Mouth 2. Esophagus 3. Stomach 4. Small intestine 5. Large intestine 6. Cloaca
41
Q

Digestion in fish, birds, and mammals

A
  1. Mouth 2. Esophagus 3. Stomach 4. Small intestine 5. Large intestine 6. Rectum 7. Anus
42
Q

What group does not have a gallbladder?

A

Birds

43
Q

What are the parts to an amphibians urinary system?

A
  • Long, slim kidneys - Mesonephric duct that transports urine - Urinary bladder that empties into the cloaca
44
Q

Urinary system in fish

A

Kidney

45
Q

What are the parts to a bird’s urinary system?

A
  • Kidneys - Ureters - Cloaca - NO urinary bladder
46
Q

What are the parts to a mammal’s urinary system?

A
  • Kidneys - Ureters - Urinary bladder - Urethra
47
Q

An amphibians and mammalian reproductive system contains what two things?

A
  • Testes in males - Ovaries in females
48
Q

What carries sperm into kidney ducts in amphibians?

A

Vasa efferentia

49
Q

What leads to cloaca in amphibians?

A

Oviducts

50
Q

What connects to the urinary system in the male reproductive system in mammals?

A

Reproductive ducts

51
Q

Reproductive ducts have no connection to _____ in the female mammalian reproductive system?

A

Urinary system

52
Q

Three categories of fishes

A
  1. Jawless fish 2. Cartilaginous fish 3. Bony fish
53
Q

Two types of bony fish

A
  1. Ray finned fish 2. Lobe finned fish
54
Q

Blood flow in the heart

A

a. Right Atria (Blood has no oxygen) b. Right Ventricle c. Pulmonary artery pumps blood to lungs where it picks up Oxygen d. Left atrium pumps to the left ventricle (strong part) e. Pushes to rest of the body

55
Q

Pig Anatomy

A
56
Q

Frog Anatomy

A
57
Q

Pigeon Anatomy

A
58
Q
A

Biology 110 Lab (5 decks)

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